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History & Systems (Psych) > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Why is behavioral environment subjective?

A

Gestalt Answer: Give a man a fish, he eats for a day. Teach a man to fish, he eats a lifetime.

Different personality traits show in different settings.

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2
Q

Kurt Lewin (1890-1947)

A

Lifespace: totality of influence that exists at any moment.
Psychological facts
Zeigarnik effect
Conflict styles
Leadership styles

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3
Q

Psychological facts (Kurt Lewin)

A

internal events + external events + recollection of prior events

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4
Q

Zeigarnik Effect (Kurt Lewin)

A

the tendency to remember incomplete tasks more than completed ones

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5
Q

Conflict Styles (Kurt Lewin)

A

Approach/approach: 2 positive alts

avoidance/avoidance: 2 negative alts

approach/avoidance: most difficult; 1 negative, 1 positive

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6
Q

Leadership Styles (Kurt Lewin)

A

Democratic: more productive workers
authoritarian: aggressive workers
laissez-faire: unproductive workers

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7
Q

Karen Horney

A

Overall personality characteristics (moving towards, away, and against people)

basic evil leads to basic hostility leads to basic anxiety

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8
Q

Kurt Koffma

A

Perception
Wrote articles that popularized gestalt psychology as sensation and perception

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9
Q

Max Werthelmer

A

Father of Gestalt Psych
truth, democratic freedom, wanted to escape war

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10
Q

Christian Von Ehrenpels

A

“Uber Gestalaualiten” (Principles of Gestalt)

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11
Q

Perceptual Constancy

A

the way we respond to objects as if they were the same, even though the actual stimulation our senses receive may vary greatly.

location, shape, size, brightness, color

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12
Q

Principle of Similarity

A

Perceive as a unit stimuli that are physically similar to one another

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13
Q

Principle of Closure

A

tendency to perceive incomplete objects as complete

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14
Q

Principle of Proximity

A

perceptually group together stimuli that are physically close

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15
Q

Principle of Continuity

A

stimuli that follow a predictable pattern are perceived as one unit

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16
Q

Principle of Inclusiveness

A

more likely to see figure with the most stimuli first

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17
Q

Top-Down Processing

A

Using the general information to get the whole picture

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18
Q

Bottom-Up processing

A

using features/elements to reach a conclusion

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19
Q

Productive thinking

A

type of thinking that ponders principles rather than isolated facts and aims at understanding the solutions rather than memorizing logical rules and strategies

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20
Q

Benjamin Rush

A

Surgeon General for Pres. Washington, Signed Declaration of independence

1st US Psychiatrist

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21
Q

Wolfgang Kohler

A

German spy that left germany because he didn’t agree with the Nazis

22
Q

Original ways to look at mental illness

A

Biological/medical model: chemical imbalance

Psychological: comes from loss of control

Supernatural: demons, “Gods will”

23
Q

Transposition

A

the application of a principle learned in one learning or problem solving situation to other similar situations

24
Q

Law of Pragnanz

A

cognitive experience will always reflect the essence of one’s experience instead of its disorganized, fragmented aspects

25
Q

Sympathetic Magic

A

homeopathic: uses likeness of the person (voodoo)

contagious: items belonging to the person

26
Q

Emil Kraepelin

A

Original DSM-like manual

used therapeutic medicine for mental illness

27
Q

Lightner Witmer

A

coined “psychological clinic”
founder of clinical psychology
clinical psych journal

28
Q

Dorothea Lynde Dix

A

source of modern prison reform

29
Q

Psychological disorder

A

harmful disfunction w cognitive, emotional, physical, behavioral features that impair every day life

30
Q

Two core features of Psychological disorders:

A

maladaptive
loss of control

31
Q

Psychopathology

A

the study of psychological disorders

32
Q

Philipe Pinel

A

unchained patients
stop harsh treatments
separate patients by illness
record keeping

33
Q

Sigmund Freud

A

Neuro dr
founder of psychoanalysis (unconscious reasons)
Free association in sessions
Dream analysis

34
Q

Personality Theory( Freud)
ID

A

fully unconscious, pleasure principle

35
Q

Personality Theory
EGO

A

mostly conscious, reality principle
mediator for superego and Id

36
Q

Personality theory
Super Ego

A

morality/ conscience

37
Q

Repression

A

unconscious hiding of thoughts and emotions

38
Q

Displacement

A

moving emotion to another outlet

39
Q

sublimation

A

sexual urges channeled into more productive actions

40
Q

rationalization

A

justifying actions with socially acceptable explanations

41
Q

projection

A

moving issues into others (cheater says “you’re cheating”)

42
Q

identification

A

change thought and feelings to align with person of power

43
Q

reaction formation

A

acting complete opposite of urges

44
Q

intellectualization

A

detatching emotion from the situation

45
Q

undoing

A

unconscious neutralization of issues (repentance)

46
Q

Psychosexual stages

A

0-1 oral (feeding)
1-3 anal (body control)
3-6 phallic (genitals inward)
7-11 latency (latent while learning)
adolescence- genital (relationships)

47
Q

Dream analysis (freud)

A

manifest content: what the dream appeared to be about
latent content: what the dream actually is about

48
Q

Anna Freud

A

ego psychology

added 2 defense mechanisms:
-altruistic surrender: giving up your life for someone else
-identification with the agressor: bullied kid becomes the bully

49
Q

Alfred Adler

A

1st neofreudian
inferiority/superiority
style of life

50
Q

Carl Jung

A

personal unconscious
collective unconscious
archetypes

51
Q

Franz Anton Mesmer

A

hypnotism
magnetic fluids and wands to make people better
contagion effect

52
Q

Jean-martin Charcot

A

hypnotists that caught freuds attention

History & Systems (Psych) (2 decks)

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