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BCH403 > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

(Exam 3) Individual reactions within a pathway __________ irreversible
-May be
-Can not be

A

-May be

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2
Q

(Exam 3) A reaction that transfers a high energy phosphate bond from a molecule of ATP to another molecule is called:
-Substrate level phosphorylation
-Coupling reaction

A

-Coupling reaction

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3
Q

(Exam 3) __________ is the overall regulator of intermediary metabolic processes on a cell-wide basis.
-Relative concentrations of ATP, ADP, and AMP
-Insulin
-Glucagon
-Relative concentrations of NAD+ and NADH
-Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate

A

-Relative concentrations of ATP, ADP, and AMP

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4
Q

(Exam 3) Metabolic pathways:
-Always end at a specific molecule.
-Usually flow in both directions.
-Are only viable when ΔG’ is highly positive.
-Are only found in higher eukaryotes, such as humans.
-Can never share common enzymes.

A

-Always end at a specific molecule.

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5
Q

(Exam 3) The insulin-dependent glucose transporter is:
-GLUT4
-GLUT3
-GLUT2
-GLUT1
-SGLT

A

-GLUT4

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6
Q

(Exam 3) Glucose is effectively trapped in cells by:
-Hexokinase
-Phosphofructokinase-1
-Insulin
-Pyruvate kinase
-GLUT2

A

-Hexokinase

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7
Q

(Exam 3) __________ is the most important regulatory enzyme of glycolysis.
-Phosphofructokinase-1
-Hexokinase
-Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase
-Phosphofructokinase-2
-Fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase

A

-Phosphofructokinase-1

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8
Q

(Exam 3) The regulated step of glycolysis that generates ATP is:
-Pyruvate kinase
-Phosphofructokinase-1

A

-Pyruvate kinase

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9
Q

(Exam 3) __________ is the most important regulatory enzyme of gluconeogenesis.
-Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase
-Fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase
-Phosphofructokinase-1
-Phosphofructokinase-2
-Glucose-6-phosphatase

A

-Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase

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10
Q

(Exam 3) The gluconeogenic enzyme found in mitochondria is:
-Pyruvate carboxylase
-Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase
-Pyruvate dehydrogenase
-Glucose-6-phosphatase
-Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase

A

-Pyruvate carboxylase

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11
Q

(Exam 3) Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) in the kidney cortex is involved in the synthesis of:
-Glucose
-Urea
-Glycerol
-Alanine
-Triacylglycerol (fat)

A

-Glucose

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12
Q

(Exam 3) Glucose is primarily synthesized in:
-Liver
-Kidney cortex

A

-Liver

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13
Q

(Exam 3) During glycogenesis, α(1→6) linkages are synthesized by:
-Glycogen synthase
-Branching enzyme

A

-Branching enzyme

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14
Q

(Exam 3) The starting point of glycogenesis is:
-Glucose
-Pyruvate
-Glucose-6-phosphate
-Glycogen primer
-UDP-glucose

A

-Glucose-6-phosphate

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15
Q

(Exam 3) During digestion of dietary polysaccharides, α(1→6) linkages are primarily cleaved by:
-Debranching enzyme
-Glycogen phosphorylase
-Alpha (α)-amylase
-Isomaltase
-Maltase

A

-Isomaltase

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16
Q

(Exam 3) Hexokinase, but not glucokinase, is regulated by:
-Glucose
-Glucose-6-phosphate

A

-Glucose-6-phosphate

17
Q

(Exam 3) Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate:
-Allosterically activates phosphofructokinase-1 by preventing allosteric inhibitors from binding to the enzyme.
-Allosterically inactivates phosphofructokinase-1 by promoting allosteric inhibitors
binding to the enzyme.
-Allosterically activates fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase by preventing allosteric inhibitors from binding to the enzyme.
-Allosterically inactivates fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase by promoting allosteric inhibitors binding to the enzyme.
-Allosterically activates phosphofructokinase-2 by preventing allosteric inhibitors from binding to the enzyme

A

-Allosterically activates phosphofructokinase-1 by preventing allosteric inhibitors from binding to the enzyme.

18
Q

(Exam 3) Glycogen synthase a is:
-Phosphorylated and active.
-Unphosphorylated and active.
-Phosphorylated and inactive.
-Unphosphorylated and inactive.
-how Canadians say “glycogen synthase.”

A

-Unphosphorylated and active.

19
Q

(Exam 3) Pyruvate kinase and Pyruvate carboxylase are both regulated by:
-Acetyl-CoA
-Insulin
-Glucagon
-Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase
-ATP

A

-Acetyl-CoA

20
Q

(Exam 3) Lactate dehydrogenase:
-Regenerates NADH so that the glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
dehydrogenase can continue to catalyze its substrate.
-Regenerates ADP so that the glycolytic enzymes phosphoglycerate kinase and pyruvate kinase can continue to catalyze their respective substrates.
-Regenerates NAD+ so that the glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase can continue to catalyze its substrate.
-Maximizes energy production by oxidizing pyruvate.
-Regenerates ATP so that the glycolytic enzymes hexokinase and phosphofructokinase-1 can continue to catalyze their respective substrates.

A

-Regenerates NAD+ so that the glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase can continue to catalyze its substrate.

21
Q

(Exam 3) The tricarboxylic acid (TCA, Kreb’s, Citric Acid) cycle is found in:
-Mitochondria
-Cytoplasm

A

-Mitochondria

22
Q

(Exam 3) The primary regulated step of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA, Kreb’s, Citric Acid) cycle is:
-Citrate synthase
-Pyruvate dehydrogenase
-Alpha (α)-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
-Succinate Dehydrogenase
-Isocitrate dehydrogenase

A

-Citrate synthase

23
Q

(Exam 3) The tricarboxylic acid (TCA, Kreb’s, Citric Acid) cycle generates one FADH2 per cycle. The correct order of electron flow from this FADH2 to O2 is:
-Complex I → Complex II → Complex III → Complex IV → Complex V → O2
-Complex I → CoQ → Complex III → Cyt C → Complex IV → O2
-Complex II → CoQ → Complex III → Cyt C → Complex IV → O2
-Complex I → Cyt C → Complex III → CoQ → Complex IV → O2
-Complex II → Cyt C → Complex III → CoQ → Complex IV → O2

A

-Complex II → CoQ → Complex III → Cyt C → Complex IV → O2

24
Q

(Exam 3) The respiratory complex that transfers electrons from NADH to CoQ is:
-Complex I
-Complex II
-Complex III
-Complex IV
-Complex V

A

-Complex I

25
Q

(Exam 3) Complex II pumps __ electrons into the mitochondrial intermembrane space per FADH2.
-0
-4

A

-0

26
Q

(Exam 3) In the liver, electrons from cytoplasmic NADH are transported into the mitochondria via:
-Glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle
-Malate/Aspartate shuttle

A

-Malate/Aspartate shuttle

27
Q

(Exam 3) The site of ATP synthesis in Complex V (or ATP synthase or FoF1 complex) is:
-αβ-subunits.
-γ-subunit.
-a- and c-subunit.
-Stator.
-Oligomycin sensitivity conferral protein (OSCP).

A

-αβ-subunits

BCH403 (6 decks)

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