Exam 3

Question 1

What is the correct statement about aerobic respiration?

Answer 1

Oxidation of organic structures releases energy. This energy is used for ATP synthesis

Question 2

Where do glycolysis and TCA cycle occur in a prokaryotic cell?

Answer 2

Both occur in the cytoplasm

Question 3

Where do the Krebs Cycle and respiratory ETC occur in a eukaryotic cell?

Answer 3

In the matrix and across the mitochondrial inner membrane

Question 4

Which of the following occurs in glycolysis?

Answer 4

NAD+ is reduced to NADH

Question 5

Which is the correct terminology describing how ATP synthesis occurs in glycolysis and citric acid cycle?

Answer 5

ATP is synthesized by substrate level phosphorylation in both processes

Question 6

What is the energy source for the TCA cycle, and what becomes of this material?

Answer 6

The TCA cycle receives pyruvate generated by glycolysis; for each carbon entering the cycle, one CO2 is made

Question 7

Which of the following occurs in the respiratory ETC?

Answer 7

Proton potential accumulates in the mitochondrial inner membrane space

Question 8

Which is the role of oxygen in respiratory ETC?

Answer 8

Electrons arriving at the end of the transport chain have given up most of their potential; oxygen receives them, forming water

Question 9

In which way is the function of the electron transport chain connected to the function of glycolysis and TCA cycle?

Answer 9

ETC receives, and oxidizes, NADH from both processes

Question 10

Which is the correct statement about carbon metabolites generated by glycolysis during fermentation?

Answer 10

Pyruvate from glycolysis is used as an “electron dump” for accumulated NADH

Question 11

Which of the following occurs during the reduction phase of the Calvin cycle?

Answer 11

An oxygen atom on the carboxyl function is replaced with a hydrogen (:H) turning an organic acid into a sugar molecule

Question 12

Which describes the relation between the ligand and the receptor protein during signal perception?

Answer 12

The ligand binds to the receptor, activating it

Question 13

What is the role of the phosphatase enzyme in a signal transduction “phosphorylation cascade”?

Answer 13

Phosphatases silence signal transduction by removing phosphate groups from active proteins

Question 14

What does the cell cycle represent?

Answer 14

The cell cycle summarizes the regular events of cell growth and mitotic cell division

Question 15

Which of the following describes the outcome of following describes the outcome of mitotic cell division?

Answer 15

Mitotic cell division generates two genetically identical cells

Question 16

S-phase is the part of the cell cycle during which DNA is synthesized and chromosomes are duplicated. During which part of M-phase does S-phase occur?

Answer 16

It does not; S-phase is a part of interphase, not M-phase

Question 17

Anaphase – and the remaining of sister chromatids as “chromosomes” – begins when which of these events occurs?

Answer 17

Cohesin proteins are released, allowing sister chromatids to separate

Question 18

Which of the following is a description of a cell cycle “checkpoint” as we described them in lecture?

Answer 18

The cell monitors its progress through the cell cycle and mitosis. Progress may be permitted or blocked at these points

Question 19

How do we describe the process by which prokaryotic cells reproduce? Identify the correct statement.

Answer 19

Prokaryotic cells reproduce asexually through binary fission

Question 20

What is the role of the secretory system in cytokinesis?

Answer 20

In plants, the secretory system deposits a new wall and membrane at the middle of the elongated cell, dividing it