Exam 1 Flashcards
What is necessary to assume to reason scientifically about world?
There is a real external world that we can perceive through our senses
Which of the following is an example of inductive reasoning?
In the past, putting fertilizer on the garden resulted in increased tomato yields. Next spring, I will put fertilizer on the garden to increase yields
Which of the following is an example of deductive reasoning?
If all the mice are getting into the house through the basement window, then closing the basement window will stop them from getting in
Which of the following is the correct statement about the “central dogma”?
Before a protein can be made through translation, an RNA transcript must be generated through transcription
How does Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection explain the unity of life?
It proposes that different organisms shared a common ancestor. The similarities among organisms were inherited from that ancestor
Which is the correct statement about a water molecule?
Polar covalent bonds within water molecule contribute to overall polar properties of the molecule
What is the significance of hydrogen bonding in moderating temperature in masses of water?
Water molecules cling to each other through h-bonds, so greater energy is required to raise the temperature
If a molecule is neutral overall, but soluble in water, what does this imply about its structure?
The molecule has uneven distribution of electrons over the surface, resulting from polar covalent bonds in its structure
Some molecules are soluble in water, while others are not. What does it mean to say that a molecule is soluble?
Soluble molecules form stable interactions with water, while the solute molecule itself remains intact
Which example illustrates the role of transient induced dipoles between biological molecules?
Oil dissolves wax
This is a structure of dicarboxylase in solution. Based on its structure shown, which do you predict would be the impact on properties of the solution in which it is dissolved?
The dicarboxylase can accept protons from solution, preventing the PH from decreasing
If the dicarboxylase were to become fully protonated, what effect would this have on its solubility in water?
The molecule’s solubility in water would decrease
Among the major groups of biological molecules, lipids differ from the carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids in which of these ways?
Polysaccharides, polypeptides, and nucleic acids form polymers through condensation of simpler monomers
How are biological macromolecules like polysaccarides, polypeptides, and nucleic acids broken down into monomers?
Hydrolysis adds the equivalent of water to the molecule between two monomer units, breaking the covalent bond between them
What system will be generally stable?
A low energy system
