exam 3

Question 1

social cognitive theory (SCT)

Answer 1

knowledge is acquired by observing others performing behaviors and experiencing rewards/punishments of that - guides that persons future behavior

Question 2

cultivation theory

Answer 2

regular exposure to media effects beliefs and stuff - initially abt tv viewing - impacts the most when messages are consistant, person uses media a lot, and has limited knowledge of topic

Question 3

third person effect

Answer 3

perception that you are less susceptible to effects of media than others

Question 4

agenda setting theory

Answer 4

what issues the media pays attention to influences how important people think they are - tells us what to think about but not how to think

Question 5

framing

Answer 5

the media selects what parts of story to emphasize, framing it in a certain way to express points

Question 6

entertainment education

Answer 6

placement of educatonal content in entertainment - narrative appeals are more effective

Question 7

transportation

Answer 7

person is completely focused and into a narrative - used in marketing

Question 8

identification

Answer 8

person identifies with a character - relatable person can b used to pursuade

Question 9

innacurate portrayals: sex

Answer 9

not many depictions of safe sex, shown as humitiating, boys showed as glutonous, girls as responsible for protection, not many portrayals of negative consequenses

Question 10

inaccurate portrayals: body images

Answer 10

body positivity content linked to body dissatisfaction, unrealistic images make negative impact on ppl, esp teens

Question 11

innacurate portrayals: relationships

Answer 11

less rational than irl, men and women portrayed, porn decreses satisfaction in relationship

Question 12

innacurate portrayals: drugs and alcohol

Answer 12

normalizes drugs which makes risk seem less, protrayals of drug addicts causes stigma

Question 13

health promotion vs prevention campaigns

Answer 13

promotion (yes for health enhancing behaviors) prevention (preventing or rejecting bad behaviors)

Question 14

health campaign step 1 - defining siguation and potential benefits

Answer 14

what we want ppl to do, how does it effect ppl, who does it now, why

Question 15

health campaign step 2 - analyzeing and segmenting the audience

Answer 15

learning about audience through questions, segmenting - identifying groups that are alike and campaign is good for

Question 16

health campaign step 3 and 4

Answer 16

establish goals and objectives, select communication channels

Question 17

elaboration likelihood model (ELM)

Answer 17

process info in 2 ways - central route (careful thoughts and logic), peripheral route (based on emotion and vibes) — which way you think is based on motivation and ability. central route ideas tend to be stronger and last longer

Question 18

reactance

Answer 18

bad emotion when you think you are not able to choose - bad for marketing, shown when anti smoking ads shifted

Question 19

social marketing

Answer 19

taking advertising principles and applying to social campaigns such as health

Question 20

4 Ps

Answer 20

price (cost for audience to perform behavior), product (behavior a campaign wants the audience to do), promotion (how campaign is promoted), place (where audience does behavior)

Question 21

messages framed in respect to gains or losses

Answer 21

can frame advantages or repercussions - loss frame might be better for preventative behaviors

Question 22

logical, novelty, and emotional appeals

Answer 22

logical (shows link betwn behavior and result), novelty (new/diff messages), emotional (makes them feel something )

Question 23

health belief model

Answer 23

what motivates someone to engage in a health behavior - perceived severity (seriousness of consequences), perceived susceptibility (vulnerablity), perceived benefits, perceived barriers (to engaging in behavior), self efficacy (belief if they can do it), cues to action (internal, external)

Question 24

efficacy studies (health campaign)

Answer 24

whether an intervention produces result in ideal circumstances

Question 25

effectiveness studies (health campaign)

Answer 25

how beneficial it is in real world

Question 26

risk vs crisis communication

Answer 26

risk comm ; ongoing process to give information about risks
crisis comm : to communicate when somehting is going wrong

Question 27

risk comm

Answer 27

be open because well informed is better and less panic , make people appropriately concerned, hazard and outrage levels,

Question 28

extended parallel process model (eppm)

Answer 28

components that predict reponse to fear message: threat variables (perceived susceptibility and severity), efficacy variables (self efficacy - if they can perform tasks, response efficacy - if the action will control the risk). there are 3 outputs after fear message: danger control (good), fear control, no response). limitations - assumes linear relationship btwn fear and acceptance, focueses more on perception and not which messages cause fear, may change over time

Question 29

descriptive norms

Answer 29

ones perception of what others are doing

Question 30

injunctive norms

Answer 30

ones perception of whether others would expect them to do a behavior

Question 31

idea model

Answer 31

crisis messages more effective when they contain : internalization (how ppl process it), distribution (multiple channels to spread info), explanation (credible, explained well), action (specific steps to take)

Question 32

ehealth

Answer 32

tech to transcend distance, using internet to find info. advantages (accesible, lots of info, social support) disadvantages (misinformation, conformation bias, privacy, not much patient provider interaction, health literacey)

Question 33

m health

Answer 33

devices to moniter health. privacy and data concerns. fitness trackers - have cues to action, cause ppl to be more active, self monitoring (has positives and negaives)

Question 34

telehealth

Answer 34

tech to facilitate long distance health care. telemedicine (serviece to patients) popular among young pations, rich, and chronic conditons. patient portals. some controversy abt effectiveness bc of lack of regulations, false claims

Question 35

information seeking threshold

Answer 35

how much information do you seek to cope, stop when satisfied

Question 36

theory of motivated information management (tmim)

Answer 36

if you are ready to find out about something, who you talk to abt it