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GEOG 301 Geography of the U.S. > Exam #3 > Flashcards

Exam #3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are cultural landscape components?

A

Any impacts of ethnicity upon the cultural landscape

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2
Q

What are the characteristics of ethnic homeland regions?

A

They are occupied by common ancestry, distinct culture, and interactions with environment

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3
Q

What are some issues you encounter when defining an ethnic group?

A

Controversy around an accepted definition, different groups base their identities on different traits or characteristics

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4
Q

What can determine an ethnic landscape?

A

History, migration, population, and sequent occupance (layers of history in a place)

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5
Q

What do urban ethnic neighborhoods tend to be?

A

Transitory because one group often is replaced by a later-arriving one

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6
Q

What does race affect?

A

Access to wealth, power, prestige, Access to education, housing, and other values resources, where you live, how you are treated, and life chances

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7
Q

What are the challenges for people of color?

A

Discrimination, higher poverty rates, lower life expectancies, higher infant morality rates, lower levels of academic achievement, higher unemployment

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8
Q

Which political affiliation is most likely to say that diversity poses a challenge?

A

Republicans

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9
Q

True or False: Relatively few Americans interact a lot with people from other racial and ethnic groups.

A

True

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9
Q

What does the majority feel about workplace diversity?

A

Majority values workplace diversity

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9
Q

What are the most spoken languages in the US

A

English (1), Spanish, Chinese, Tagalog, Vietnamese, French and French Creole

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9
Q

Why is Spanish the second most common language?

A

Historical reasons, geography, and immigration

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10
Q

What is the percentage of people who are limited English proficient or speak English less than very well?

A

8% (25.1 million)

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11
Q

Which immigrants are less likely to be proficient in English?

A

Mexican immigrants

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12
Q

What is the percentage of people that say it would bother them to hear people speak a language other than English in public?

A

30% (3/10)

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13
Q

Does the US have an official language?

A

No, at least not at the national level

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14
Q

What is the reason for the distribution of the US Dialect Regions?

A

Immigrants used different pronunciations of English depending on what part of Europe they came from

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15
Q

Which region has the most unique or unusual dialects?

A

Northern and Southern Regions

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16
Q

What religion represents the majority in North America?

A

Christian (65% describe themselves as Christian US) and (55% describe themselves as Christian Canada)

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17
Q

Christianity has decreased so what has increased or changed?

A

The number of people who say they have no religious affiliation (second largest religious group) or “nones”

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18
Q

True or False: Composition of immigrants and emigrants is NOT identical to that of the overall US population

A

True

19
Q

90s-2000s Most US immigrants are?

A

Christians (mexico and other Christian majority countries)

20
Q

What is true about immigration and religion today?

A

Immigrants are arriving from Asia, which is leading to growth in other religions like Hindus & Muslims

21
Q

Why are people moving away from Christianity?

A

The population is getting younger and they are less religiously affiliated. Americans who have moved away from Christianity are more likely to be men.

22
Q

What does a secular society mean?

A

A lack of religious affiliation has profound effects on how people think about death, how they teach their kids, and how they vote

23
Q

What do people mean by American?

A

English speakers or even speakers of other languages that exclusively mean people of the United States. It can also mean people from the Americans in general.

24
Q

What are two characterisitics of the US?

A

multinational and a nation that identifies of indivisible and identical

25
Q

What is the good about nationalism?

A

Can contribute to a sense of hope for the future, positive personal and collective identities

26
Q

What is the bad about nationalism?

A

Encourages fear of all kinds of other people

27
Q

What is the direction of patriotism according to importance?

A

It is declining in importance for some Americans

28
Q

What is another name for majority-plurality representation?

A

geographic representation

29
Q

What does plurality refer to?

A

Winner takes all, seat is awarded to the individual candidate with the most votes

30
Q

What is the intention of redistricting?

A

It is intended to ensure equal representation on the basis of population in the House of Representatives

31
Q

What are the two gerrymandering techniques?

A

Excess vote and wasted vote

32
Q

Why did the manufacturing boom in the 20th Century?

A

Early innovations in the production process

33
Q

What was the result of deindustrialization?

A

Employment in manufacturing as a share of total employment has fallen

34
Q

Why did the rise of the sunbelt occur?

A

Air conditioning, milder winters, less expensive housing in the South, market friendly economies

35
Q

What is the knowledge economy characterized as?

A

Workers that manage information; employed in finance, journalism, higher education, research and development, and health care

36
Q

What percentage cannot afford computers or home internet?

A

1/4 or 25%

37
Q

Employment has shifted from what to what?

A

Manufacturing, construction to health care, technology, and energy sectors

38
Q

The US is highly unequal, why?

A

It is unequal in gender, ethnicity, race, age, martial status, immigration status. In the role of progressive taxes, college tuition fees, minimum wages, rent subsides, and healthcare

39
Q

In the US today, what is the statistic for the number of families living in middle-income neighborhoods?

A

Number of families living in middle-income neighborhoods is more than 1/3 lower than it was in 1970

40
Q

What is urban-rural divide?

A

Both reinforcing and widening major regional imbalances like Georgia

41
Q

What is an indicator of economic well-being of a neighborhood?

A

Housing prices, the more expensive a residential district, the greater the earnings of its household

42
Q

How is economic inequality measured?

A

Gini coefficient

43
Q

What does the value of 0 mean? What does the value 1 mean?

A

Zero means perfect economic equality and 1 means perfect economic inequality

44
Q

What is the US gini coefficient?

A

0.485

45
Q

Which country has the highest income inequality out of all the G7 nations?

A

US

46
Q

Which states in the US have the greatest amount of income inequality?

A

The District of Columbia and New York (0.51)

47
Q

Which state has the greatest income equality?

A

Utah 0.43

48
Q

The wealth gap between America’s richest and poorest families has…

A

More than doubled from 1989 to 2016

49
Q

What is the overall opinion of people on economic inequality?

A

61% Americans say that there is too much economic inequality

GEOG 301 Geography of the U.S. (4 decks)

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