Exam 3 Flashcards
How man Plosives are there?
6
What are the symbols representing Plosives?
p, t, k, b, d, g
What is the three-term label for p?
voiceless, bilabial, plosive
What is the three-term label for t?
voiceless, alveolar, plosive
What is the three-term label for k?
voiceless, velar, plosive
What is the three-term label for b?
voiced, bilabial, plosive
What is the three-term label for d?
voiced, alveolar, plosive
What is the three-term label for g?
voiced, velar, plosive
How many nasals are there?
3
What are the symbols representing Nasals?
m, n, ŋ
What is the three-term label for m?
voiced, bilabial, nasal
What is the three-term label for n?
voiced, alveolar, nasal
What is the three-term label for ŋ?
voiced, velar, nasal
How many Fricatives are there?
9
What are the symbols representing Fricatives?
f, θ, s, ʃ, v, ð, z, ʒ, h
What is the three-term label for f?
voiceless, labiodental, fricative
What is the three-term label for θ?
voiceless, dental, fricative
What is the three-term label for s?
voiceless, alveolar, fricative
What is the three-term label for ʃ?
voiceless, post-alveolar, fricative
What is the three-term label for v?
voiced, labiodental, fricative
What is the three-term label for ð?
voiced, dental, fricative
What is the three-term label for z?
voiced, alveolar, fricative
What is the three-term label for ʒ?
voiced, post-alveolar, fricative
What is the three-term label for h?
voiceless, glottal, fricative
How many approximants are there?
4
What symbols represent the Approximants?
l, ɹ, w, j
What is the three-term label for l?
voiced, lateral alveolar, approximant
What is the three-term label for ɹ?
voiced, alveolar, approximant
What is the three-term label for w?
voiced, labio-velar, approximant
What is the three-term label for j?
voiced, palatal, approximant
What symbols represent Alveolar sounds?
/t/ /d/ /n/ /s/ /z / /l/ /tʃ/ /ɹ/
What symbols represent Fortis sounds?
/t/ /s/ tʃ/ /f/ /θ/ /p/ /h/ /ʃ/ /k/
Non-Continuants include what?
Affricates and stops
What symbols represent Non-Continuants?
/w/ /j/ /tʃ/ /dʒ/
What symbols represent Apical sounds?
/ð/ /θ/ /t/ /d/ /n/ /l/ /s/ /z/
Obstruents consist of what?
Stop, fricatives, and affricates
What symbols represent Aspiration?
/p/ /t/ /k/
T or F: All approximants are central except for /l/?
True
Continuants include what groups?
Nasals, fricatives, and approximants (minus the semi-vowels)
What symbols represent Dental sounds?
/θ/ /ð/
What symbols represent Velar sounds?
/k/ /g/ /ŋ/
What symbols represent Lenis sounds?
/b/ /d/ /g/ /ɦ/ /w/ /m/ /n/ /ŋ/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /ɹ/ /j/ /l/
What symbols represent Labio-dental sounds?
/f/ /v/
What symbols represent Post-alveolar sounds?
/ʃ/ /ʒ/
Define Sonorant.
Always voiced (Lenis) open vocal tract resonant sounds. (Vowels, nasals, approximants)
List and differentiate between the symbols representing glides and liquids.
Glides: /ɹ/ /l/
Liquids: /w/ /j/
What symbols represent Alveolar sounds?
/t/ /d/ /n/ /s/ /z/ /l/ /ʃ/ /ʒ/ /ɹ/
Define Approximant articulation.
Manner of articulation in which the articulators come close one another but not nearly enough as the constriction that creates the fricative speech sounds.
Define Affricate articulation.
Manner of articulation defined by a stop-plosive portion releasing to a homorganic and fricative portion. The stop-plosive and fricative are articulated in one movement and considered one unit.
Define Fricative articulation.
Manner of articulation that results when the active and passive articulators approximate each other so closely that air is forced with considerable pressure through a narrow passageway. Has a friction-like quality.
Define Nasal articulation.
Manner of articulation defined by a complete blockage of the oral cavity; the articulators come together, creating a closure in the oral cavity, and the velum is lowered so that the airstream is directed through the nasal cavity.
Define Stop-Plosive articulation.
Consonants defined by complete blockage of the oral cavity; the articulators come together creating a closure in the oral cavity to block off the airflow, which results in a buildup of air pressure behind this occlusion; the velum is raised. Pressure is released suddenly creating the characteristic “explosive” sound of Stop-Plosives.
T or F: Labial refers to the bottom lip as an active articulator and the upper lip as a passive articulator?
True
Define Central Approximant articulation.
Produced with a central airflow in which the articulators come close to one another but not close enough to cause friction or turbulent airflow. (Liquids)
Define Lateral Approximant articulation.
A type of consonant in which air passes laterally over the sides of the tongue, while the tongue blocks the center of the oral cavity.
T or F: Lenis consonants do not devoice preceding vowels, but Fortis consonants do.
True.
