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Bio exam 3 > exam 3 > Flashcards

exam 3 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Types of cells in brain

A

Neurons and neuroglia

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2
Q

Neurons

A

Carry messages

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3
Q

Neuroglia

A

Supports neurons

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4
Q

Cerebrum

A

Coordinates movement and balances body heat

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5
Q

Cerebellum

A

Posture, balance, subconscious muscle movement

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6
Q

Brain stem

A

Heartbeat and breathing and controls movements of eyes, face, neck, and mouth

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7
Q

Medulla Oblongata

A

Swallowing and Defecating

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8
Q

Cerebral Cortex

A

Processes information; senses, motor, thought/judgement

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9
Q

Corpus Callosum

A

Communication link between hemispheres

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10
Q

Frontal Lobes

A

Speech, thought, voluntary muscle movements

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11
Q

Caudate Nuclei

A

Responsible for coordinating movement

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12
Q

Reticular formation

A

Filtering sensory input and analyzing this info; essential to consciousness, awareness, and sleep

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13
Q

Brains with ADHD

A

Neurotransmitters dopamine

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14
Q

Brains without ADHD

A

Less dopamine or extra dopamine reuptake receptors

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15
Q

Dendrites

A

Collects electrical signals

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16
Q

Cell body

A

Contains nucleus and Organelles

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17
Q

Axon

A

Delivers electronic signals

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18
Q

Nucleus

A

Guide axon

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19
Q

Synapse

A

Gap between neuron

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20
Q

Neurotransmitter

A

Chemical Messenger

21
Q

Vesicles

A

Tiny sacs that hold tranmitters

22
Q

Receptors

A

The place where neuro transmitters fit

23
Q

Reuptake Receptor

A

Return neurotransmitters to vesicle

24
Q

Steps in order of nerve impulse and synaptic transmission

A

Action potential, Repolarization, Hyperpolarization, refractory period

25
Q

Dopamine

A

Controls emotion and complex movement

26
Q

Other treatments for ADHD

A

Ritalin, other medication, psychotherapy, behavioral therapy, social skills training, combination therapy

27
Q

Disease

A

Disorder of function with a distinct group of symptoms, signs or anatomical changes - allergies

28
Q

Chronic Disease

A

A disease lasting longer than one year

29
Q

Infectious disease

A

Illness cause by germs - Covid

30
Q

Autoimmune Disease

A

Your immune system attacks your bodies healthy cells

31
Q

Bacterial disease

A

Bacteria damages cells and can damage tissue

32
Q

Viral Disease

A

Viruses either kill cells or disrupt cell function

33
Q

What four ways can pathogens be transmitted

A

Airborne, physical, sexual, animal

34
Q

Blood

A

Send out WBC and antibodies to fight disease

35
Q

Red Bone Marrow

A

Creates red and white blood cells and platelets

36
Q

lymphatic System

A

Host lymph nodes, plasma cells, and spleen

37
Q

Three lines of defense

A

Physical and chemical barriers, non-specific innate responses and specific adaptive responses

38
Q

Components of internal innate immune system

A

Physical Barriers, cellular component, and humoral response

39
Q

Phagocytes

A

Surrounds and kills microorganisms, ingest foreign material, removes dead cells

40
Q

Natural killer cells

A

Control several tumors and microbial infections from spreading

41
Q

Basophils

A

Defends your body against allergens, pathogens, and parasites

42
Q

Protein

A

Indicate the presence of pathogens to the phagocytes

43
Q

List steps of inflammatory response

A

Inflammatory inducers, Inflammatory sensors, Inflammatory mediators, tissue function

44
Q

Lymphocytes

A

White blood cells like the natural killer, B, and T cells located in lymph

45
Q

Antigens

A

Toxins that induce the immune response

46
Q

steps of response during adaptive immunity

A

Encounter, Activation, Attack, and Memory

47
Q

T cells

A

Wipe out infected or cancerous cells

48
Q

B Cells

A

Create antibodies

Bio exam 3 (2 decks)

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