Exam 3 Flashcards
Attention is a __________ resource.
limited
Why is attention a limited resource?
Attention increases processing of some things while decreasing processing of other things.
It involves withdrawl from some things to deal effectively with other.
Cognitive models of attention highlight our __________ capacity to process information. We must focus on a subset of features that are somehow “relevant” and ignore the ______.
limited capacity to process information.
Focus on relevant features and ignore irrelevant features.
Attentional “blink” shows how attention is ________. When folks attend to 2 stimuli presented closely in time, they had ____ detection accuracy for the 1st stimuli and a _____ detection accuracy for the 2nd.
This reveals a “blink” or lapse of attention for T2 because processing the 1st character _______ most of folks attention.
Attention is imperfect.
1st = high detection accuracy
2nd = low detection accuracy
Processing 1st absorbs most of attention –> leading to blink of attention for T2.
***so we need time in between for our attention to reset so we can accurately process the 2nd stimuli??
We process _____ stimuli more readily during “blink” of attention.
emotional
Two attention styles:
1) Goal-directed
2) Captured
Goal-oriented attention is called ______.
Top-down or bottom-up ?
Endogenous attention
Top-down
Top: brain having a goal target in mind
This attention is willfully controlled.
Top-down attention
Endogenous or Goal oriented
Endogenous or Goal oriented Attention
Have specific target in mind– search an area until find target
Ex: where’s waldo?
The automatic capture of attention is called ______.
exogenous or “bottom up”
Bottom: sensory features that “pop out” and capture attention
ex: loud noise or flash of lightning
These features interrupt and grab our attention without any input on our part. We can’t ignore these, they are processed even if we don’t want to.
In search tasks, endogenous and exogenous attention function ______.
they function together
A _____ search involves searching for something with 2 features (color and shape) and becomes mostly an _____ task.
Conjunction search = endogenous task
Three Laws of Visual Search
1) If search features “pop out” strongly, task performance is fast. Number of distractors does not matter.
2) Multiple target features (conjunction search) increases search time along with # of distractors.
3) The absence of target extends reaction time significantly, which also gets worse as # of distractors increases.
