exam 3 Flashcards
while teaching a patient with ulcerative colitis about sulfasalazine, the nurse should include what information?
a. this medication treats the infection that triggers this condition
b. this medication reduces the inflammation
c. this medication enhances immune response
d. the medication increases reabsorption of fluid
B
the nurse is caring for a patient with a duodenal ulcer. what drug works to decrease ulcers by coating the stomach with a protective barrier?
a. loratidine
b. sucralfate
c. omeprazole
d. cimetidine
B
omeprazole: PPI
cimetidine: H2 blocker
loratidine: H1 blocker (not this section)
which of the following risk factors are associated with duodenal ulcers? SATA.
a. NSAID use
b. H. pylori
c. burning lower quadrant pain
d. use of corticosteroids
e. stress
f. smoking
g. viral infection
a. NSAID use
b. H. pylori
d. use of corticosteroids
e. stress
f. smoking
a nurse is caring for an 18-year-old client with appendicitis who is awaiting surgery. upon entering the client’s room, the nurse notices that the client is lying very still and curled up in the fetal position. which additional assessment findings is of the greatest importance?
a. pain rating 5/10 in RLQ
b. crying and statement of anxiety
c. HR 90 and RR 20
d. rigid-board like abdomen
d – indicative of peritonitis
a client is admitted with symptoms of IBD. the nurse understands that there are key differences between crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. which of the following characteristics are MOST consistent with a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis? SATA.
a. bloody stool
b. watery stool
c. malabsorption of nutrients
d. crypts of lieberkuhn affected
e. sigmoid colon and rectum most often affected
A, D, E
b, c: crohn’s
what is the MOA of ca channel blockers for treating chronic, stable angina?
a. dilates veins, which increases preload
b. helps the heart muscle generate energy more efficiently
c. relaxes coronary vasospasm and increases oxygen supply
d. decreases HR, contractility, and afterload
D
c: how they help with Unstable angina
a: nitroglycerin
a client is admitted with severe peripheral arterial disease. when assessing the lower extremities, which sign should the nurse expect to find?
a. bounding peripheral pulses
b. brownish discoloration
c. large palpable veins
d. shiny skin with hair loss
D
b/c: chronic venous insufficiency
the nurse knows the manifestations fo venous insufficiency or peripheral vascular disease include all of the following except?
a. edema
b. brownish discoloration
c. loss of leg hair
d. cramping
C
the presence of HF triggers several compensatory mechanisms that are initially helpful, but become harmful long-term. one of these compensatory mechanisms is an increase in preload. which of the following drugs are used to decrease preload in HF? SATA.
a. digoxin
b. carvedilol
c. furosemide
d. captopril
e. aspirin
f. atorvastatin
C, D [-sartan(ARB), -pril(ACE) affect RAAS system; reduce volume on heart]
digoxin: increases contractility, stroke volume, CO
-lol: beta blocker: decreases response
aspirin: blood thinning doesnt make volume go down
atorvastatin: HLD
loop diuretics are the first line drug for HF patients. the nurse recognizes the diuretic is effective in the HF patient when assessment reveals which of the following?
a. bowel sounds are present x 4 quads
b. clearer lung sounds
c. productive cough
d. urine is concentrated
B
or decreased edema, lower weight
inappropriate automaticity is a mechanism that can cause dysrhythmias. which statement decribes inappropriate automaticity?
a. a cell that does not normal depolarize initiates action potentials
b. an extra impulse is generated during or just after repolarization
c. an impulse continues to depolarize after the main impulse has finished
d. an impulse continues to cycle over and over when it is not supposed to
a
known heart rhythms
ADH is secreted by the posterior pituitary in response to: (SATA)
a. high serum osmolality
b. low serum osmolality
c. hypotension
d. hypertension
a. high serum osmolality
c. hypotension
a client with severe SIADH is at risk for what serious complication?
a. weight gain
b. impaired taste
c. concentrated urine
d. coma
d
SIADH: too much ADH - brain cells swell bc they are trying to absorb all the excess water
which statement is correct about the patho of diabetes insipidus?
a. DI starts with decreased ADH
b. DI involves increased water reabsorption in kidneys
c. there is an increase in ADH
d. serum osmolality is decreased
A
b: DECREASED water reabsorption in kidneys
c: ADH DECREASED
d: serum osmolality INCREASED
DI: peeing a lot, very dilute, URINE osmolality is decreased
