Exam 3 Flashcards
Antiobesity medications work by inhibiting GI absorption of fat and altering central brain receptors to enhance _________ or reduce cravings.
satiety
Lifestyle modification is aimed at weight loss and _______________.
maintenance
T/F: The average weight loss following bariatric surgery is 35% to 50% of previous body weight over 2 to 3 years.
FALSE- 30% to 40% of excess body weight
Causes of obesity are complex and multifactorial and include __________, environmental, physiologic, and genetic factors.
behavioral
T/F: Patients with dumping syndrome after gastric surgery, should consume at least 16 ounces of fluid with each meal.
False- drink water in betweem
T/F: Traditionally, the term morbid obesity applies to adults whose body mass index (BMI) exceeds 30 kg/m2.
False- 35-40
A greater risk for obesity is assessed by a waist circumference that is greater than how many inches for women and > 40 inches for men?. __________________
35
T/F: Obesity is associated with a 6- to 20-year decrease in life expectancy.
True
T/F: After bowel sounds have returned and oral intake is resumed following bariatric surgery, six small feedings consisting of a total of 600 to 800 calories per day should be consumed.
True
Following bariatric surgery, disruption at the surgical site may cause leakage of gastric contents into the peritoneal cavity, causing ______________ and possible sepsis.
infection
T/F: When fluid intake decreases, specific gravity increases.
True
T/F: Urea is an abnormal constituent of urine.
False- Urea is a waste product that is excreted by the kidneys when you urinate. The urine urea nitrogen test determines how much urea is in the urine to assess the amount of protein breakdown. The test can help determine how well the kidneys are functioning and whether your intake of protein is too high or low.
Dull, continuous pain that is located over the suprapubic area is most likely pain involving the ____________.
bladder
Bladder _______________ is a noninvasive method of measuring urine volume in the bladder that can be performed by the nurse at the bedside.
ultrasonography
T/F: The angling of the ureterovesical junction is the primary factor preventing backward movement of urine from the bladder toward the kidney.
True
Regulation of sodium volume excretion depends on _____________, a hormone synthesized and released from the adrenal cortex.
aldosterone
T/F: The medulla contains the nephrons, the structural and functional units of the kidney responsible for urine formation.
False- The glomerulus and convoluted tubules of the nephron are located in the cortex of the kidney, while the collecting ducts are located in the pyramids of the kidney’s medulla.
T/F: The glomerular filtration rate decreases at a yearly decline of about 1 mL/min after age 40.
True
Enclosed in an epithelial structure called Bowman capsule, the _____________ is a unique network of capillaries that form that part of the nephron through which filtration occurs.
glomerulus
The normal adult bladder capacity is _______ to ________ mL of urine.
400 to 500
A nurse is caring for a client who is in the diuresis phase of AKI. The nurse should closely monitor the client for what complication during this phase?
dehydration
The nurse has identified the nursing diagnosis of “Risk for Infection” in a client who undergoes peritoneal dialysis. What nursing action best addresses this risk?
maintain aseptic technique when administering dialysate
A nurse is aware of the high incidence and prevalence of fluid volume deficit among older adults. What related health education should the nurse provide to an older adult?
“remember to drink frequently even if you don’t feel thirsty”
The nurse is planning client teaching for a client with ESKD who is scheduled for the creation of a fistula. The nurse should teach the client what information about the fistula?
a vein and an artery in your arm will be surgically attached
A 24-hour urine collection is scheduled to start at 0100. When should the nurse start the procedure?
after discarding the 0100 specimen
What is the normal adult bladder capacity?
300 to 500 mL
The nurse is caring for a client postoperative day 4 following a kidney transplant. When assessing for potential signs and symptoms of rejection, what assessment should the nurse prioritize? Assessment of
the quantity of the client’s urine output
A client with a history of progressively worsening fatigue is undergoing a comprehensive assessment which includes test of renal function relating to erythropoiesis. When assessing the oxygen transport ability of the blood, the nurse should prioritize the review of what blood value?
hemoglobin
Diagnostic testing of an adult client reveals renal glycosuria. The nurse should recognize the need for the client to be assessed for what health problem?
diabetes mellitus
The nurse notes a weight gain of 3 pounds (1.4 kg) over the past 48 hours. What nursing diagnosis is suggested by this assessment finding?
excess fluid volume
After a sleeve gastrectomy, a 42-year-old male patient returns to the surgical nursing unit with a nasogastric tube to low, intermittent suction and a patient controlled analgesia (PCA) machine for pain control. Which nursing action should be included in the postoperative plan of care?
Support the surgical incision during patient coughing and turning in bed.
After a sleeve gastrectomy, a 42-year-old male patient returns to the surgical nursing unit with a nasogastric tube to low, intermittent suction and a patient controlled analgesia (PCA) machine for pain control. Which nursing action should be included in the postoperative plan of care?
Support the surgical incision during patient coughing and turning in bed.
After the nurse teaches a patient about the recommended amounts of foods from animal and plant sources, which menu selections indicates that the initial instructions about diet have been understood?
3 oz of roasted pork, a cup of broccoli, and a cup of carrot sticks
Which statement by the nurse is most likely to help a morbidly obese 22-year-old man in losing weight on a 1000 calorie / day diet?
You are likely to notice changes in how you feel with just a few weeks of diet and exercise.
A few months after bariatric surgery, a 56-year-old man tells the nurse, my skin is hanging in folds. I think I need cosmetic surgery. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
Cosmetic surgery is a possibility once your weight has stabilized.
When teaching the patient about testing to diagnose metabolic syndrome, which topic would the nurse include?
Fasting bood glucose test
The nurse is coaching a community group for individuals who are overweight. Which participant behavior is an example of the best exercise plan for weight loss?
Walking for 40 minutes, six or seven days a week.
Which assessment action will help the nurse determine if an obese patient has metabolic syndrome?
Check the patients blood pressure.
Which adult will the nurse plan to teach about risks associated with obesity?
Man with a 42” waist and 44” hips
The nurse will be teaching self-management to patients after gastric bypass surgery. Which information will the nurse plan to include?
Drink fluids between meals but not with meals.
Which nursing action is appropriate when coaching obese adults enrolled in a behavior modification program?
Asking about situations that tend to increase appetite.
Visible, painless _____________ is the most common symptom of bladder cancer.
hematuria- or blood in the urine
A UTI of the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys is known as __________________.
pyelonephritis- AKA kidney infection
A _________________ is a form of continent urinary diversion that involves the transplantation of the ureters into the sigmoid colon.
Ureterosigmoidostomy- AKA you pee out your butt
T/F: Functional incontinence is the involuntary loss of urine through an intact urethra as a result of sneezing, coughing, or changing position.
FALSE- this would be considered stress incontinence
functional incontinence is untimely urination d/t physical obstacles, or problems in thinking/ reaching a toilet
The most common route of lower UTIs is _______________, a process whereby bacteria (often from fecal contamination) colonize the periurethral area and enter the bladder.
transurethral
T/F: A flaccid bladder, caused by a lower motor neuron lesion which commonly results from trauma, is the more common type of neurogenic bladder.
False- neurogenic bladder is when a person lacks bladder control d/t spinal cord or nerve problems
A flaccid bladder is when bladder muscles don’t fully contract
T/F: Cancer of the bladder is more common after age 55 and smoking increases the risk by 50%.
TRUE
________________ is the inability of the bladder to empty completely.
urinary retention
T/F: About 80% of all kidney stones are calcium based.
True- others can be cystine, uric acid, or struvite
T/F: Factors that contribute to urinary tract infections (UTIs) include bacterial invasion of the urinary tract, urethrovesical reflux, and shorter urethra in women.
TRUE
T/F: Compartment syndrome—the most serious complication of casting and splinting—occurs when increased pressure within a confined space compromises blood flow.
TRUE
T/F: A nurse should instruct a patient in a cast, splint, or brace to refrain from performing exercises until it has been removed.
FALSE- can do passive exercise or specific weight bearing as indicated by physician
A principle of effective traction is that it must be ______________ to reduce and immobilize fractures.
continuous
________or orthoses are custom-fitted to various parts of the body and are used to provide support, control movement, and prevent additional injury.
Braces
Patients usually begin ___________ one day following joint replacement surgery.
ambulation
T/F: Nursing assessment of the patient following orthopedic surgery includes neurovascular status and tissue perfusion.
True
Following the application of an immobilization device, the nurse should assess the affected extremity using the “6 Ps”: pain, poikilothermia, _______, pulselessness, _______, and paralysis as a guideline.
pallor and paresthesias
To prevent dislocation of a hip prosthesis, a wedge pillow should be placed between the legs to prevent ____________ beyond the midline of the body.
adduction- think of adding to the midline
T/F: Nursing care of a patient in skeletal traction requires inspection of the pin site at least every 24 hours for signs of inflammation and evidence of infection.
FALSE q8hr
T/F: Traction is used as a short term intervention until other modalities are possible.
True
A client is undergoing diagnostic testing for a suspected urinary obstruction. The nurse should know that incomplete emptying of the bladder due to bladder outlet obstruction can cause what?
Hydronephrosis
The nurse on a urology unit is working with a client who has been diagnosed with oxalate renal calculi. When planning this client’s health education, what nutritional guidelines should the nurse provide?
Restrict protein intake as prescribed
A client with cancer of the bladder has just returned to the unit from the PACU after surgery to create an ileal conduit. The client weighs 60 kg. The nurse is monitoring the client’s urine output hourly and notifies the health care provider when the hourly output is less than what?
30 mL
