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OB > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three phases of pregnancy?

A

Antepartum
Intrapartum
Postpartum

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2
Q

What is antepartum?

A

before birth

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3
Q

What is Intrapartum

A

during birth

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4
Q

What is postpartum

A

after birth

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5
Q

What is the best way to insure a good outcome for both mother and baby?

A

Regular prenatal care

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6
Q

How often should you have prenatal visits?

A

Every 4 weeks up to 28 weeks
every 2 to 3 weeks from 29-36 weeks
every week 36 weeks or until baby is delivered

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7
Q

What is gravida

A

refers to the number of pregnancies including the current one

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8
Q

Primigravida

A

first pregnancy

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9
Q

multigravida

A

woman who has had more than one pregnancy

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10
Q

What is para?

A

communicates the outcome of previous pregnancies. (given birth to one or more children who have reached at least 20 weeks gestation)

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11
Q

What is the age of viability?

A

20 weeks

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12
Q

What is nagele’s rule

A

add 7 days to the first day of LMP then subtract 3 months to determine EDD

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13
Q

What are presumptive signs of pregnancy?

A

subjective signs the woman reports- amenorrhea, frequency, quickening

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14
Q

What are probable signs of pregnancy?

A

detected by a trained examiner- goodell’s sign (softening of the lower uterine segment), McDonalds sign, Braxton hicks contractions, striae gravidarum, presence of HCG in a pregnancy test

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15
Q

Positive signs of pregnancy

A

no other condition can cause, fetal heartbeat, fetal movement which is felt by examiner, seeing fetus on ultrasound

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16
Q

What does the mucus plug do?

A

prevents bacteria from getting into the uterus

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17
Q

What happens to the breasts in the last few months of pregnancy

A

they enlarge, are tender and secret colostrum

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18
Q

What does the growing uterus do to the heart?

A

moves the heart up and to the left

19
Q

What is supine hypotensive syndrome?

A

after 20 weeks when lying supine, the uterus presses on the IVC, resulting in low BP and dizziness, encourage the woman to lie on her left side

20
Q

Why can glycosuria and proteinuria occur?

A

Due to the increase in GFR and the fact that the tubules cannot keep up.

21
Q

How can heartburn be helped?

A

sit up for at least thirty mins after eating

22
Q

folic acid supplements help how?

A

to reduce the incidence of neural tube defects

23
Q

How many extra calories should a pregnant woman consume?

A

300

24
Q

What is the weight gain for pregancy?

A 
normal weight (25-35 lbs)
under weight (28 to 40 lbs)
over weight (15-25 lbs)
25
Q

The uterus accounts for how much weight in pregnancy?

A

2.5 lbs

26
Q

What is PICA?

A

craving substances that are not food

27
Q

What is fetal alcohol syndrome?

A

malformations found in an infant when the mother drank large amounts of alcohol, microcephaly, flat nasal bridge and mental retardation

28
Q

How do you care for varicose veins?

A

avoid lengthy standing or sitting, walk frequently , rest with legs elevated, wear support stockings, relieve hemorrhoid swelling with warm sitz bath, or analgesic ointment, avoid crossing legs when sitting

29
Q

What is primipara?

A

woman who has given birth to her first child regardless of whether the child was alive, also describes a woman before birth of her first child

30
Q

What is a nullipara?

A

woman who has not given birth to a child who has reached the point of viability

31
Q

What is the TPALM system?

A 
T- number of term infants
P- number of preterm infants
A- Number of pregnancies aborted
L- number of children living now
M- multiple births
32
Q

What is chadwick’s sign?

A

purplish or bluish discoloration of the cervix and vagina caused by vascular congestion

33
Q

What is goodell’s sign?

A

softening of the cervix and vagina caused by vascular congestions

34
Q

What is hegar’s sign?

A

softening of the lower uterine segment

35
Q

What is McDonald’s sign?

A

the cervix softens, it’s easy to flex body of uterus against the cervix

36
Q

What is the abdominal/ uterine enlargement during pregnancy?

A

12 weeks- above the symphysis pubis

20 weeks- extends to umbilicus

37
Q

What is ballottement

A

a maneuver by which the fetal part is displaced by a light tap of the examining finger on the cervix, rebounds quickly

38
Q

How much fluid can a uterus hold?

A

5 quarts of fluid

39
Q

How much does the uterus normally weigh before pregnancy

A

2 oz

40
Q

What is pseudoanemia

A

RBC’s decrease, not a true anemia, 6 days post partum returns to normal

41
Q

How much does the placenta weight?

A

1.0-1.5 lbs

42
Q

How much do the breasts weight during pregnancy?

A

1.5-3 lbs

43
Q

What is the blood volume during pregnancy?

A

3.5-4 lbs

OB (4 decks)

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