Exam 2021 Flashcards
Choose the correct answers!
a) The F0 value is a technological characteristic expressing the thermal death time equivalent
at 121.1°C for the applied heat treatment procedure
b) The F0 value is a microbiological characteristic which expresses the thermal death time at
121.1°C
c) According to the 12D principle, the food microbiological safety requirement is F 2.52 minutes
d) According to the 12D principle the food microbiological safety requirement is F
- 0.21 minutes
a) The F0 value is a technological characteristic expressing the thermal death time equivalent
at 121.1°C for the applied heat treatment procedure
c) According to the 12D principle, the food microbiological safety requirement is F 2.52 minutes
Choose the correct answers!
a) The D value is the time needed to a decimal reduction of the live cell count
b) The D value is the temperature increase necessary for a tenfold reduction of the thermal
death time
c) The Z value is the time needed to a decimal reduction of the live cell count
d) The Z value is the temperature increase necessary for a tenfold reduction of the thermal
death time
a) The D value is the time needed to a decimal reduction of the live cell count
d) The Z value is the temperature increase necessary for a tenfold reduction of the thermal
death time
Choose the correct answers!
a) In case of food poisoning, the causative agent produces exotoxin in the food
b) In case of food poisoning, the causative agent produces exotocin in the GI tract
c) In case of toxico-infection, the causative agent produces exotoxin in the food
d) In case of toxico-infection, the causative agent produces exotoxin in the GI tract
a) In case of food poisoning, the causative agent produces exotoxin in the food
d) In case of toxico-infection, the causative agent produces exotoxin in the GI tract
Choose the correct answers!
a) The HACCP plan should be establishment- and product-specific
b) The GHP plan should be establishment- and product-specific
c) The GHP concept focuses on the hazards not properly manageable by HACCP
d) The HACCP concept focuses on the hazards not properly manageable by GHP
a) The HACCP plan should be establishment- and product-specific
d) The HACCP concept focuses on the hazards not properly manageable by GHP
Choose the correct answers!
a) In general, the heat resistance of microorganisms reduces as the water activity decreases
b) In general, the heat resistance of microorganisms increases as the water activity decreases
c) The heat resistance of microbes is the lowest at the pH optimum of their growth
d) The heat resistance of microbes is the highest at the pH optimum of their growth
b) In general, the heat resistance of microorganisms increases as the water activity decreases
d) The heat resistance of microbes is the highest at the pH optimum of their growth
Choose the correct answers!
a) In general, the water activity demand of gram positive bacteria is higher than the gram
negative ones
b) In general, the water activity demand of gram negative bacteria is higher than the gram
positive ones
c) In general, the water activity demand of bacteria is higher than the yeasts
d) In general, the water activity demand of bacteria is lower than the yeasts
b) In general, the water activity demand of gram negative bacteria is higher than the gram
positive ones
c) In general, the water activity demand of bacteria is higher than the yeasts
Choose the correct answers!
a) In food processing plants water of drinking water quality shall be used for hand washing and cleaning, as well
b) In food processing plants water of drinking water of non-polatble quality can be used for
hand washing and cleaning
c) Equipment surfaces coming into direct contact with food shall be easy to clean and
disinfect
d) Equipment surfaces coming into contact with food shall be sterile
a) In food processing plants water of drinking water quality shall be used for hand washing and cleaning, as well
c) Equipment surfaces coming into direct contact with food shall be easy to clean and
disinfect
Choose the correct answers!
a) The redox potential of fresh meat is higher than that of the minced meat
b) The redox potential of fresh meat is lower than that of minced meat
c) In general, the pH optimum of bacteria is lower than that of moulds
d) In general, the pH optimum of bacteria is higher than that of moulds
b) The redox potential of fresh meat is lower than that of minced meat
d) In general, the pH optimum of bacteria is higher than that of moulds
Choose the correct answers
a) The efficacy of iodophores is increased by the elevation of temperature
b) The efficacy of iodophores is decreased by the elevation of temperature
c) The cation-active tensides exhibit pronounced disinfecting properties
d) The anion-active tensides exhibit pronounced disinfecting properties
b) The efficacy of iodophores is decreased by the elevation of temperature
c) The cation-active tensides exhibit pronounced disinfecting properties
Choose the correct answers!
a) Food safety expresses that the food is harmless for human consumption
b) Food hygiene expresses that the food is harmless for human consumption
c) Food safety includes the conditions and measures needed to establish the safety of our
foods
d) Food hygiene includes the conditions and measures needed to establish the safety of our
foods
a) Food safety expresses that the food is harmless for human consumption
d) Food hygiene includes the conditions and measures needed to establish the safety of our foods
Choose the correct answers!
a) In case of drinking water, the test for E.coli as faecal indicator is obligatory
b) In case of drinking water, the test for C. perfringens as faecal indicator is obligatory
c) The efficacy of chlorine-containing disinfection is increased by the elevation of temperature
d) The efficacy of chlorine-containing disinfection is decreased by the elevation of temperature
a) In case of drinking water, the test for E.coli as faecal indicator is obligatory
d) The efficacy of chlorine-containing disinfection is decreased by the elevation of temperature
Choose the correct answers!
a) Food chain of animal foodstuffs does not include the farm and the feed industry
b) Food chain of animal foodstuffs also includes the farm and the feed industry
c) Food safety is based primarily on consumer’s expectations
d) Food quality is based primarily on consumer’s expectation
b) Food chain of animal foodstuffs also includes the farm and the feed industry
d) Food quality is based primarily on consumer’s expectation
Choose the CORRECT answers!
a) The primary responsibility for food safety rests with the food safety authorities
b) The primary responsibility for food safety rests with the food producer
c) The conditions and rules of food hygiene primarily aim at achieving adequate food quality
d) The conditions and rules of food hygiene primarily aim at achieving adequate food safety
a) The primary responsibility for food safety rests with the food safety authorities
d) The conditions and rules of food hygiene primarily aim at achieving adequate food safety
Choose the correct answers!
a) Food hygiene is the basic system of establishing and guaranteeing food safety
b) Food quality is the basic system of establishing and guaranteeing food hygiene
c) Food hygiene requirements and tools also refer to the primary production
d) Food hygiene requirements and tools do not refer to the primary production
a) Food hygiene is the basic system of establishing and guaranteeing food safety
c) Food hygiene requirements and tools also refer to the primary production
Choose the correct answers
a) The infective dose of campylobacters is high, at least 10,000 cells are needed to induce
diseases in humans
b) The infective dose of campylobacters is low, even 100-500 bacterial cells can cause
disease in humans
c) The infective dose of campylobacters is higher than that of salmonellae
d) The infective dose of campylobacters is lower than that of salmonellae
b) The infective dose of campylobacters is low, even 100-500 bacterial cells can cause disease in humans
d) The infective dose of campylobacters is lower than that of salmonellae
Choose the correct answers!
a) The infective dose of salmonellae is low, even 100-500 organisms may induce disease in humans
b) The infective dose of campylobacters is low, even 100-500 organisms may induce disease in humans
c) The infective dose of EHEC strains is lower than that of other E. coli strains
d) The infective dose of EHEC strains is higher than that of other E. coli strains
b) The infective dose of campylobacters is low, even 100-500 organisms may induce disease in humans
c) The infective dose of EHEC strains is lower than that of other E. coli strains
Choose the correct answers!
a) Botulinumtoxin is a neurotoxin that cause a flaccid paralysis of the muscles
b) Botulinumtoxin is an emetic toxin that cause gastrointestinal signs
c) The emtic toxin of Bacillus cereus is a heat sensitive
d) The diarrhoeic toxin of bacillus cereus is heat sensitive
a) Botulinumtoxin is a neurotoxin that cause a flaccid paralysis of the muscles
d) The diarrhoeic toxin of bacillus cereus is heat sensitive
Choose the correct answers!
a) Campylobactgers usually form a biofilm on the surfaces
b) L. monocytogenes usually forms a biofilm on the surfaces
c) The clinical symptoms caused by L. monocytogenes in humans are characterized mostly by
extraintestinal signs
d) The clinical symptoms caused by L. monocytogenes in humans are characterized mostly by
intestinal signs
b) L. monocytogenes usually forms a biofilm on the surfaces
c) The clinical symptoms caused by L. monocytogenes in humans are characterized mostly by
extraintestinal signs
Choose the correct answers!
a) Listeria monocytogenes is psychrophilic bacterium
b) Listeria monocytogenes is a mesophilic bacterium
c) Salmonella enteritidis is a psychrophilic bacterium
d) Salmonella enteritidis is a mesophilic bacterium
a) Listeria monocytogenes is psychrophilic bacterium
d) Salmonella enteritidis is a mesophilic bacterium
Choose the correct answers!
a) Yersinia enterocolitica is a mesophilic bacterium
b) Yersinia enterocolitica is a psychrophilic bacterium
c) Yersinia enterocolitica typically cause extraintestinal signs in humans
d) Yersinia enterocolitica typically cause intestinal signs in humans
b) Yersinia enterocolitica is a psychrophilic bacterium
d) Yersinia enterocolitica typically cause intestinal signs in humans
Choose the correct answers!
a) Verotoxin-producing E.coli may cause haemolytic uraemic syndrome is humans
b) Listeria monocytogenes may cause haemolutic uraemic syndrome is humans
c) Verotoxin-producing E. coli may cause colitis in calves
d) Verotoxin-producing E. coli may cause colitis in piglets
a) Verotoxin-producing E.coli may cause haemolytic uraemic syndrome is humans
c) Verotoxin-producing E. coli may cause colitis in calves
Choose the correct answers!
a) Campylobactgers usually form a biofilm on the surfaces
b) L. monocytogenes usually forms a biofilm on the surfaces
c) The clinical symptoms caused by L. monocytogenes in humans are characterized mostly by extraintestinal signs
d) The clinical symptoms by L. monocytogenes in humans are characterized mostly by
intestinal signs
b) L. monocytogenes usually forms a biofilm on the surfaces
c) The clinical symptoms caused by L. monocytogenes in humans are characterized mostly by extraintestinal signs
Choose the correct answers!
a) Salmonellae are mesophilic organisms
b) Salmonellae are thermophilic organisms
c) Campylobacters are thermophilic bacteria
d) Campylobacters are mesophilic bacteria
a) Salmonellae are mesophilic organisms
c) Campylobacters are thermophilic bacteria
Choose the correct answers
a) The serotypes of salmonella causing typhus in animals are capable of inducing disease in
humans
b) The serotypes of salmonella causing typhus in animals are not capable of inducing disease in humans
c) Salmonella enteritidis is the serotype that causes the most foodborne salmonellosis in
humans
d) Salmonella gallinarum is the serotype that causes the most foodborne salmonellosis in
humans
b) The serotypes of salmonella causing typhus in animals are not capable of inducing disease in humans
c) Salmonella enteritidis is the serotype that causes the most foodborne salmonellosis in
humans
Choose the correct answers
a) The toxin produced by S. aureus in the food is a neurotoxin that causes a flaccid paralysis of the muscles
b) The toxin of S. aureus produced in the food is an emetic one
c) The toxins produced by S. aureus in the food is heat resistant and can only be inactivated by long boiling
d) The botulinumtoxin is heat resistant and can only be inactivated by long boiling
b) The toxin of S. aureus produced in the food is an emetic one
c) The toxins produced by S. aureus in the food is heat resistant and can only be inactivated by long boiling
Choose the correct answers
a) The acid resistance of verotoxin-producing strains is higher than other E.coli strains
b) The acid resistance of verotoxin-producing strains is lower than other E.coli strains
c) The “hamburger disease” is caused by verotoxin-producing E.coli
d) The “hamburger disease” is caused by Listeria monocytogenes
a) The acid resistance of verotoxin-producing strains is higher than other E.coli strains
c) The “hamburger disease” is caused by verotoxin-producing E.coli
Choose the correct answers!
a) Patulin may be produced mostly in fruits causing the contamination of apple juices
b) Zearalenone may be produced mostly in fruits causing the contamination of apple juices
c) Fumonisins can be produced mainly on oilseeds
d) Fumonisins can be produced mainly on damaged kernels of maize
a) Patulin may be produced mostly in fruits causing the contamination of apple juices
d) Fumonisins can be produced mainly on damaged kernels of maize
Choose the correct answers!
a) Dioxins accumulate in the adipose tissues of the consumer
b) Dioxins accumulate in the kidneys of the consumer
c) Dioxins are widely used compounds in different industrial processes
d) Significant sources of dioxins include waste incineration or the forest fires
a) Dioxins accumulate in the adipose tissues of the consumer
d) Significant sources of dioxins include waste incineration or the forest fires
Choose the correct answers!
a) Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can be generated during the frying of foods of
high carbohydrate content
b) Acrilamide can be generated during the frying of foods of high carbohydrate content
c) Heterocyclic amines can be formed during the frying of foods of high carbohydrate
content
d) Heterocyclic amines can be formed during the frying of meat
b) Acrilamide can be generated during the frying of foods of high carbohydrate content
d) Heterocyclic amines can be formed during the frying of meat
Choose the correct answers!
a) Ciguatera toxins accumulate in shellfish
b) Ciguatera toxins accumulate in fish
c) Scombrotoxin is histamine
d) Scombrotoxin is a shellfish poison
b) Ciguatera toxins accumulate in fish
c) Scombrotoxin is histamine
Choose the correct answers!
a) Phycotoxins are biotoxins produced by microalgae
b) Phycotoxins are biotoxins produced by molds
c) Solanine mainly occurs in potatoes
d) Solanine mainly occurs in stone-fruits
a) Phycotoxins are biotoxins produced by microalgae
c) Solanine mainly occurs in potatoes
Choose the correct answers
a) Chlorinated hydrocarbons are cholinesterase inhibitors
b) Organophosphates are cholinesterase inhibitors
c) Pyretroids are synthetic derivatives of pyrethrins
d) Pyrethrins are synthetic derivatives of pyrethroids
b) Organophosphates are cholinesterase inhibitors
c) Pyretroids are synthetic derivatives of pyrethrins
Choose the correct answers!
a) Chlorinated hydrocarbons are highly lipid-soluble compounds with a tendency to persist in
the environment
b) Organophosphates are highly lipid-soluble compounds with a tendency to persist in the
environment
c) Pyretroids are persisting compounds in the environment
d) Pyretroids do not persist in the environment
a) Chlorinated hydrocarbons are highly lipid-soluble compounds with a tendency to persist in
the environment
c) Pyretroids are persisting compounds in the environment
Choose the correct answers!
a) Aflatoxin-producing mould species may occur also in Central Europe, but do not produce
toxins under these climatic conditions
b) Aflatoxin-producing mould species may occur also in central Europe and can also produce
toxins there due to the climatic change
c) Ochratoxins can only be produced under hot climate conditions
d) Ochratoxins can also produced under temperate climate conditions
b) Aflatoxin-producing mould species may occur also in central Europe and can also produce toxins there due to the climatic change
d) Ochratoxins can also produced under temperate climate conditions
Choose the correct answers!
a) Scombrotoxin is a biogenic amine
b) Scombrotoxin is a mycotoxin
c) Patulin is a mycotoxin
d) Solanine is a mycotoxin
a) Scombrotoxin is a biogenic amine
c) Patulin is a mycotoxin
Choose the correct answers!
a) Human diseases caused by Yersinia enterocolitica are mainly due to the consumption of raw or underdone beef
b) Human diseases caused by Yersinia enterocolitica are mainly due to the consumption of raw or underdone pork
c) Human diseases caused by Campylobacter jejuni is mainly due to the consumption of raw
or underdone pork
d) Human diseases caused by Campylobacter jejuni is mainly due to the consumption of raw
or underdone poultry meat
b) Human diseases caused by Yersinia enterocolitica are mainly due to the consumption of raw or underdone pork
d) Human diseases caused by Campylobacter jejuni is mainly due to the consumption of raw
or underdone poultry meat
Choose the correct answers!
a) Nitrosamines can get into the organism of the consumer with foods, but can also be
generated in the stomach
b) Nitrosamines can get into the organism of the consumer with foods, but can also be
generated in the intestines
c) PAHs are generated during the imperfect combustion of organic materials
d) Nitrosamines are generated during the imperfect combustion of organic materials
a) Nitrosamines can get into the organism of the consumer with foods, but can also be
generated in the stomach
c) PAHs are generated during the imperfect combustion of organic materials
Choose the correct statements
a) Aflatoxin is a genotoxic carcinogen, its main target organ is the liver
b) Aflatoxin is a genotoxic carcinogen, its main targe organ is the kidney
c) Ochratoxins are genotoxic compounds, their main target organ is the liver
d) Ochratoxins are genotoxic compounds, their main target organ is the kidney
a) Aflatoxin is a genotoxic carcinogen, its main target organ is the liver
d) Ochratoxins are genotoxic compounds, their main target organ is the kidney
Choose the correct answers!
a) Carcasses containing veterinary drugs above the permitted level must not be used for
production of animal feedstuffs
b) Carcasses containing veterinary drugs above the permitted level can be used for
production of animal feedstuffs
c) Carcasses containing prohibited substances must not be used for production of animal feedstuffs
d) Carcasses containing prohibited substances can be utilized for production of animal
feedstuffs
a) Carcasses containing veterinary drugs above the permitted level must not be used for
production of animal feedstuffs
c) Carcasses containing prohibited substances must not be used for production of animal
feedstuffs
Choose the correct answers!
a) Plants take up cadmium from the soil through their roots and store it in their tissues
b) Plants take up lead from the soil through their roots and store it in their tissues
c) Methylmercury is bioaccumulated in the aquatic food chain and may reach high
concentrations in predators
d) Methyrmercury is bioaccumulated in the terrestrial food chain and may reach high
concentrations in predators
a) Plants take up cadmium from the soil through their roots and store it in their tissues
c) Methylmercury is bioaccumulated in the aquatic food chain and may reach high
concentrations in predators
Choose the correct answers!
a) In the EU, nitroimidazoles are prohibited for growth promotion, but can be used for
therapy in food-producing animals
b) In the EU, nitroimidazoles are prohibited for use in food-producing animals
c) Beta-agonists are illegal growth promotants, but can be used for therapy
d) Beta-agonists are not allowed for use in food-producing animals, at all.
b) In the EU, nitroimidazoles are prohibited for use in food-producing animals
c) Beta-agonists are illegal growth promotants, but can be used for therapy
Choose the correct answers!
a) The dissolution of cadmium from soils is facilitated by the decrease of pH
b) The dissolution of lead from soils is facilitated by the decrease of pH
c) Lead mostly occurs as a surface contaminant of plants and can be removed by thorough
washing
d) Cadmium mostly occurs as a surface contaminant of plants and can be removed by
thorough washing
a) The dissolution of cadmium from soils is facilitated by the decrease of pH
c) Lead mostly occurs as a surface contaminant of plants and can be removed by thorough
washing
Choose the correct answers
a) The water activity of meat products prepared by quick curing is higher than those prepared by slow curing
b) The water activity of meat products prepared by quick curing is lower than those prepared by slow curing
c) Meat products prepared by slow curing must be stored chilled
d) Meat products prepared by quick curing must be stored chilled
a) The water activity of meat products prepared by quick curing is higher than those prepared by slow curing
d) Meat products prepared by quick curing must be stored chilled
Choose the correct answers
a) Combined preservation is based on the hurdle concept
b) Combined preservation is based on the hazard analysis concept
c) In protective atmosphere packaging, oxygen is partly replaced by carbon dioxide and
nitrogen
d) In protective atmosphere packaging, carbon dioxide is partly replaced by oxygen and
nitrogen
a) Combined preservation is based on the hurdle concept
c) In protective atmosphere packaging, oxygen is partly replaced by carbon dioxide and
nitrogen
Choose the correct answers
a) Spoilage is a profound qualitative change of the food
b) Spoilage is a profound safety change of the food
c) Microbiological spoilage is mostly caused by bacteria and moulds
d) Microbiological spoilage is mostly caused by bacteria and viruses
a) Spoilage is a profound qualitative change of the food
c) Microbiological spoilage is mostly caused by bacteria and moulds
Choose the correct answers
a) The spoilage of fresh meat is mainly caused by aerobic psycrotrophic bacteria
b) The spoilage of fresh meat is mainly caused by anaerobic mesophilic bacteria
c) The spoilage of raw, cured meat products is mostly caused by microorganisms with a high
water activity requirement
d) The spoilage of raw, cured meat products is mostly caused by microorganisms with a low
water activity requirement
a) The spoilage of fresh meat is mainly caused by aerobic psycrotrophic bacteria
c) The spoilage of raw, cured meat products is mostly caused by microorganisms with a high
water activity requirement
Choose the correct answers
a) Moulds usually multiply faster than bacteria, therefore in spoilage associations mostly
moulds become dominant
b) Moulds usually grow slower than bacteria, therefore they may become dominant in
spoilage associations under conditions that are unfavorable for bacteria
c) Yeasts usually multiply faster than bacteria, therefore in spoilage associations mostly
moulds become domiant
d) Yeasts usually grow slower than bacteria, therefore they may become dominant in
spoilage associations under conditions that are unfavourable for bacteria
b) Moulds usually grow slower than bacteria, therefore they may become dominant in
spoilage associations under conditions that are unfavorable for bacteria
d) Yeasts usually grow slower than bacteria, therefore they may become dominant in
spoilage associations under conditions that are unfavourable for bacteria
Choose the correct answers!
a) The typical, lasting red colour of cured meat products is due to nitrosomyoglobin
b) The typical, lasting red colour of cured meat products is due to oxymyoglobin
c) For slow curing with dry salting, exclusively a nitrite-containing curing salt may be used
d) For slow curing with dry salting, exclusively a nitrate-containing curing salt may be used
a) The typical, lasting red colour of cured meat products is due to nitrosomyoglobin
d) For slow curing with dry salting, exclusively a nitrate-containing curing salt may be used
Choose the correct answers!
a) The primary objective of pasteurization is to destroy all forms of pathogenic bacteria
b) The primary objective of pasteurization is to destroy the vegetative forms of pathogenic bacteria
c) Pasteurisation is a heat treatment performed at a temperature below 100°C
d) Pasteruisation is a heat treatment performed at a temperature above 100°C
b) The primary objective of pasteurization is to destroy the vegetative forms of pathogenic bacteria
c) Pasteurisation is a heat treatment performed at a temperature below 100°C
Choose the correct answers!
a) Redox potential of foods is characterized by the aw value
b) Redox potential of foods is characterized by the Eh value
c) Moulds and yeasts prefer a more acidic pH than bacteria
d) Moulds and yeasts prefer a more alkalinic pH than bacteria
b) Redox potential of foods is characterized by the Eh value
c) Moulds and yeasts prefer a more acidic pH than bacteria
Choose the correct answers!
a) Nitrites can enter into reaction with amines forming nitrosamines
b) Nitrates can enter into reaction with amines forming nitrosamines
c) Cold smoking is more effective against moulds than against bacteria
d) Cold smoking is less effective against moulds than against bacteria
a) Nitrites can enter into reaction with amines forming nitrosamines
d) Cold smoking is less effective against moulds than against bacteria
Choose the correct answers!
a) Water activity means the total water content of foods
b) Water activity means the free, chemically unbound water content of foods
c) Water activity of foods is characterized by the aw value
d) Water activity of foods is characterized by the Eh value
b) Water activity means the free, chemically unbound water content of foods
c) Water activity of foods is characterized by the aw value
Choose the correct answers!
a) For quick curing, nitrate-containing salt mix is used
b) For quick curing, nitrite-containing salt mix is used
c) The products prepared by slow curing are microbiologically more stable
d) The products prepared by quick curing are microbiologically more stable
b) For quick curing, nitrite-containing salt mix is used
c) The products prepared by slow curing are microbiologically more stable
d) ??
Choose the correct answers!
a) Heat resistance of moulds and yeasts is similar to that of mesophilic bacteria
b) Heat resistance of moulds and yeasts is much higher than that of mesophilic bacteria
c) Based on the 12D principle, the minimum sterilization equivalent is 2.52 minutes
d) Based on the 12D principle, the minimum sterilization equivalent is 0.21 minute
a) Heat resistance of moulds and yeasts is similar to that of mesophilic bacteria
c) Based on the 12D principle, the minimum sterilization equivalent is 2.52 minutes
Choose the correct answers!
a) Heat treatment is the fundamental method used for destroying microorganisms and
inactivating tissue enzymes
b) Freezing is the fundamental method used for destroying microorganmisms and
inactivating tissue enzymes
c) Spoilage bacteria can grow even down to -18°C
d) Spoilage moulds can grow even down to -18°C
a) Heat treatment is the fundamental method used for destroying microorganisms and
inactivating tissue enzymes
d) Spoilage moulds can grow even down to -18°C
Choose the correct answers!
a) After UHT treatment the milk is packed aseptically
b) After heat treatment at very high temperature (ESL) the milk is packed aseptically
c) UHT-treated milk needs cold storage
d) Milk treated at very high temperature (ESL) needs cold storage
a) After UHT treatment the milk is packed aseptically
d) Milk treated at very high temperature (ESL) needs cold storage
Choose the correct answers!
a) The maximum allowed somatic cell count in raw cow’s milk is 100 000/ml
b) The maximum allowed somatic cell count in raw cow’s milk is 400 000/ml
c) The total plate count at 30°C in raw cow’s milk is maximum 100 000/ml
d) The total plate count at 30°C in raw cow’s milk is maximum 400 000/ml
b) The maximum allowed somatic cell count in raw cow’s milk is 400 000/ml
c) The total plate count at 30°C in raw cow’s milk is maximum 100 000/ml
Choose the correct answers!
a) L. monocytogenes is rather resistant to heat, it can survive the pasteurization
b) L. monocytogenes Is rather sensitive to heat, it cannot survive the pasteurization
c) S. aureus is rather sensitive to heat, it cannot survive the pasteurization
d) S. aureus is rather resistant to heat, it can survive the pasteurization
b) L. monocytogenes Is rather sensitive to heat, it cannot survive the pasteurization
c) S. aureus is rather sensitive to heat, it cannot survive the pasteurization
Choose the correct answers!
a) Cheeses made from raw milk may pose higher microbiological risk than those made from
pasteruised milk
b) Cheeses made from raw milk may pose lower microbiological risk than those mase from
pasteurized milk
c) Early blowing of semi-hard cheeses resulting in many small holes are caused by clostridia
d) Early blowing of semi-hard cheeses resulting in many small holes are caused by coliforms
a) Cheeses made from raw milk may pose higher microbiological risk than those made from
d) Early blowing of semi-hard cheeses resulting in many small holes are caused by coliforms
Choose the correct answers!
a) Caseins are produced in the udder
b) Caseins originate from the blood
c) Caseins remain in solution during sour coagulation
d) Whey proteins remain in solution during sour coagulation
a) Caseins are produced in the udder
d) Whey proteins remain in solution during sour coagulation
Choose the correct answers!
a) Cheesemaking is based on the coagulation of caseins
b) Cheesemaking is based on the coagulation of milk fats
c) Late blowing of hard cheeses resulting in large holes are caused by clostridia
d) Late blowing of hard cheeses resulting in large holes are caused by coliforms
a) Cheesemaking is based on the coagulation of caseins
c) Late blowing of hard cheeses resulting in large holes are caused by clostridia
Choose the correct answers
a) Skimming increases the density of milk
b) Skimming decreases the density of milk
c) Mastitis usually increases the electrical conductivity of milk
d) Mastitis usually reduces the electrical conductivity of milk
a) Skimming increases the density of milk
c) Mastitis usually increases the electrical conductivity of milk
Choose the correct answers
a) Coxiella burnetii is rather resistant to heat, it can survive the pasteurization
b) C. burnetii is rather sensitive to heat, it cannot survive the pasteurization
c) Zoonotic EHEC strains are rather resistant to heat, they can survive the pasteurization
d) Zoonotic EHEC strains are rather sensitive to heat, they cannot survive the pasteurisation
a) Coxiella burnetii is rather resistant to heat, it can survive the pasteurization
d) Zoonotic EHEC strains are rather sensitive to heat, they cannot survive the pasteurisation
Choose the correct answers
a) Alkaline phosphatase test can be used for determining the effectiveness of high-
temperature short-time (HTST) pasteurization
b) Peroxidase test can be used for determining the effectiveness of HTST pasteurization
c) Alkaline phosphatase is inactivated at 72°C within 15 seconds
d) Peroxidase is inactivated at 72°C within 15 seconds
b) Peroxidase test can be used for determining the effectiveness of HTST pasteurization
c) Alkaline phosphatase is inactivated at 72°C within 15 seconds
Choose the correct answers!
a) An increased potential acidity degree indicates the souring of milk
b) A decreased potential acidity degree indicated the souring of milk
c) The potential acidity degree of mastitic milk is typically lower than normal
d) The potential acidity degree of mastitic milk is typically higher than normal
a) An increased potential acidity degree indicates the souring of milk
c) The potential acidity degree of mastitic milk is typically lower than normal
Choose the correct answers!
a) Milk fat occurs in the milk plasma in the form of colloidal micelles
b) Milk fat occurs in the milk plasma in the form of globules
c) Caseins can be found in the milk in the form of globules
d) Caseins can be found in the milk in the form of colloidal micelles
b) Milk fat occurs in the milk plasma in the form of globules
d) Caseins can be found in the milk in the form of colloidal micelles
Choose the correct answers
a) Campylobacters are rather resistant to heat, they can survive the pasteurization
b) Campylobacters are sensitive to heat, they are killed by pasteurization
c) Salmonellae are rather resistant to heat, they can survive the pasteurization
d) Salmonellae are rather sensitive to heat, they are killed by pasteurization
b) Campylobacters are sensitive to heat, they are killed by pasteurization
d) Salmonellae are rather sensitive to heat, they are killed by pasteurization
Choose the correct answers
a) The fermentation of yoghurt is performed with a mixture of two thermophilic bacteria
b) The fermentation of kefir is performed with a mixture of two thermophilic bacteria
c) For manufacturing of yoghurts, the milk is pasteurized at high temperature for 2-3
minutes
d) For manufacturing of yoghurts, the milk is pasteurised at low temperature without holding
a) The fermentation of yoghurt is performed with a mixture of two thermophilic bacteria
c) For manufacturing of yoghurts, the milk is pasteurized at high temperature for 2-3
minutes
Choose the correct answers!
a) For manufacturing of butter, the raw cream is pasteurized at low temperature without holding
b) For manufacturing of butter, the raw cream is pasteurized at high temperature with holding
c) For manufacturing of butter, the temperature and time conditions used for pasteruisation are due to technological aspects
d) For manufacturing of butter, the temperature and time conditions used for pasteurization are due to food safety aspects
b) For manufacturing of butter, the raw cream is pasteurized at high temperature with holding
d) For manufacturing of butter, the temperature and time conditions used for pasteurization are due to food safety aspects