EXAM 2: Week 2

Question 1

NMES

FES

EMS

Answer 1

Neuromuscular Electrical Simulation: activation of skeletal muscle for strengthening, reeducation, or edema reduction; current depolarizes the nerve to create muscle contraction

Functional Electrical Simulation: Activation of skeletal muscle for reeducation or movement training for functional use

Electrical Muscle Stimulation: implies stimulation of DENERVATED muscle — muscle cells depolarize to create a muscle contraction

Question 2

What type of Stim would you use for musculoskeletal disorder with an intact neural system

Answer 2

NMES, FES

Question 3

What type of stim would you use when the neural system is disrupted in UMN vs LMN

Answer 3

UMN: NMES & FES
LMN: EMS, NMES wont work

Question 4

Goals for ES

Answer 4

1. Prevent or treat atrophy from disuse, immobilization, or retraining
2. Increase or maintain ROM
3. Reeducation, retrain or facilitate muscle for movement or posture

Question 5

NMES for neurological condition

Answer 5

• best for stroke pts
• SCI
• Cerebral Palsy
• MS

Question 6

Theories of NMES for decreasing Spasticity in Neurological Conditions (UMN)

Answer 6

• Stimulate antagonist— reciprocal inhibition
• Stimulate agonist — recurrent inhibition
• Habituation — sensory level: continuous with lower amp to avoid a muscle contraction

Question 7

ES for Acute Edema vs Chronic Edema

Answer 7

Acute: focus on preventing the swelling; hi-volt monophonic pulsed current

Chronic: NMES focus on clearing the swelling