Exam 2 Vocab

Question 1

Malignant hyperthermia

Answer 1

genetically-linked major adverse reaction to general anesthesia, characterized by rapid rise in temperature, tachycardia, tachypnea, and sweating.

Question 2

Moderate sedation aka Conscious sedation

Answer 2

anesthesia induced by combinations of parenteral benzodiazepines and an opiate. reduces anxiety, sensitivity to pain, and recall of procedure.

Question 3

Anxiolytic

Answer 3

relieves anxiety

Question 4

Barbiturates

Answer 4

class of drugs that are chemical derivatives of barbituric acid. induce sedation and sleep.

Question 5

Benzodiazepines

Answer 5

Most frequently prescribed as sedative-hynotic and anxiolytic drugs.

Question 6

GABA

Answer 6

Gamma-aminobutyric acid.

inhibitory neurotransmitter found in the brain.

Question 7

Hypnotics

Answer 7

drugs that when given low to moderate dosages, calm or soothe CNS without inducing sleep, but high doses may cause sleep.

Question 8

REM interference

Answer 8

drug-induced reduction of rem sleep time.

Question 9

REM reboud

Answer 9

excessive rem sleep following discontinuation of sleep-altering drug.

Question 10

Sedatives

Answer 10

drugs that have in inhibitory effect on the CNS to the degree that they reduce nervousness, excitability, and irritability without out causeing sleep.

Question 11

Sedative-hypnotics

Answer 11

drugs that can act in the body as either sedatives or hypnotives

Question 12

Sleep architecture

Answer 12

structure of various elements involved in the sleep cycle

Question 13

Tachyphylaxis

Answer 13

rapid appearance of a progressive decrease in response to a drug after repetitive administration of the drug

Question 14

Therapeutic Index

Answer 14

ration between toxic and therapeutic concentrations of a drug. small therapeutic index= dangerous

Question 15

Autoinduction

Answer 15

metabolic process that occurs when a drug increases its own metabolism over time, leading to lower than expected drug concentrations

Question 16

Primary or idiopathic epilepsy

Answer 16

epilepsy occuring without distinct cause

Question 17

Secondary epilepsy

Answer 17

epilepsy with distinct cause, such as trauma

Question 18

Status epilepticus

Answer 18

common seizure disorder characterized by generalized tonic-clonic convulsions that occur in succession

Question 19

Tonic-clonic seizure

Answer 19

aka grand mal seizure. characterized by a serious of generalized movements of tonic (stiffening) and clonic (rapid synchronized jerking) muscular contraction.

Question 20

Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs)

Answer 20

meds used to treat rheumatic disesase that have the potential to slow the disease process as opposed to only providing antiinflammatory and analgesic effects like NSAIDs

Question 21

NSAIDs

Answer 21

nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs

Question 22

Done nomogram

Answer 22

standard plot of graphic data, originally published in 1960 in the journal, “Pediatrics” for rating the severity of aspirin toxicity following overdose

Question 23

Gout

Answer 23

Hyperuricemia (elevated uric acid)

Arthrites caused by tissue build-up of uric acid crystals

Question 24

Rheumatism

Answer 24

general term for any of several disorders characterized by inflammation, degeneration, or metabolic derangement of connective tissue structures, especially joints and related structures.

Question 25

Salicylism

Answer 25

syndrome of slicylate toxicity, including symptoms such as tinnitus, nausea, and vomitting

Question 26

Tinnitus

Answer 26

ringing in ear