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exam 2 vagus nerve Flashcards

1
Q

what type of information does the vagus nerve carry?

A

motor, parasympathetic, and sensory information

including some taste from the epiglottal region

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2
Q

what are two unique chaacteristics of the vagus nerve?

A

longest cranial nerve

most important parasympathetic nerve

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3
Q

where are the cell bodies for the motor fibers of the vagus nerve located?

A

in the nucleus ambiguus

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4
Q

where does the nucleus ambiguus receive its information from?

A

both cerebral hemispheres, (its a motor nuclues so from a higher level.)

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5
Q

where do the preganglionic parasympathetic fibers of the vagus nerve arise from?

A

posterior (dorsal) nucleus of the vagus

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6
Q

where does the posterior nucleus of the vagus receive its information from?

A

receives information indirectly from the hypothalamus and carotid sinus

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7
Q

incoming somatic sensory information carried in the vagus nerve terminates where?

A

spinal nucleus of C.N 5

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8
Q

taste and viscerosensory information carried in the vagus nerve terminates where?

A

nucleus of the solitary tract

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9
Q

what are the two peripheral ganglia associated with the vagus nerve?

A

superior and inferior ganglion

NOT the same as glossopharyngeal

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10
Q

what is the superior ganglion of the vagus nerve also known as?

A

the jugular ganglion

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11
Q

what is the inferior ganglion of the vagus nerve also known as?

A

the nodose ganglion

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12
Q

sensory information is carried in neurons whose cell bodies are located where?

A

superior ganglion

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13
Q

where does the sensory information of the vagus come from?

A 
Dura (infratentorial/posterior fossa)
auricle
external auditory canal
lateral tympanic membrane
mucosa from the larynx and laryngopharynx
viscera in the thoracic and abdominal cavities
pressure receptors in the aortic arch
chemoreceptors in the para-aortic body
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14
Q

taste from the epiglottis is carried by neurons whose cell bodies are located where?

A

inferior ganglion

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15
Q

where does taste from the epiglottis terminate?

A

superior part of the nucleus of the solitary tract

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16
Q

visceral sensory information is carried by neurons in the inferior ganglion to where?

A

inferior part of the solitary tract

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17
Q

the vagus nerve carries visceral sensory information from where?

A

larynx and laryngopharnx
viscera in the thoracic and abdominal cavities
pressure receptors in the aortic arch
chemoreceptors in the para-aortic body

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18
Q

what is the apparent origin of the vagus nerve?

A

emerges from lateral aspect of the medulla oblongata as a series of rootlets

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19
Q

when the rootlets combine and form a trunk what does the vagus nerve do before exiting the skull?

A

gives off a meningeal branch that supplies the dura of the posterior cranial fossa

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20
Q

where does the vagus nerve exit the skull?

A

jugular foramen

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21
Q

what does the meningeal branch supply?

A

dura of the posterior cranial fossa

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22
Q

how is the jugular foramne compartmentalized?

A

by a fibrous septum

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23
Q

what nerves travel anterior to the fibrous septum of the jugular foramen?

A

vagus nerve

accessory nerve

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24
Q

what nerve travels posterior to the fibrous septum of the jugular foramen?

A

glossopharyngeal nerve

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25
Q

what do the vagus and accessory nerve also share during their travels through the jugular foramen?

A

they share a meningeal sheath (arachnoid and dura)

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26
Q

where is the superior ganglion of the vagus nerve located?

A

jugular foramen

27
Q

where is the inferior ganglion of the vagus nerve located?

A

just inferior to the jugular foramen (outside)

28
Q

where is the auricular branch of the vagus nerve given off at?

A

the superior ganglion

29
Q

what two structures does the auricular branch pass through on its way to the external auditory meatus?

A

mastoid canaliculus and the tympanomastoid fissure

30
Q

what information does the auricular branch carry?

A

sensory information from the meatus and a small portion of the auricle

31
Q

upon exiting the jugular foramen what does the vagus nerve travel inferiorly in?

A

the carotid sheath

32
Q

while in the carotid sheath traveling inferior what two structures does it travel between?

A

internal carotid artery and the internal jugular vein

33
Q

inferior to the carotid bifurcation it will travel between what two structures?

A

internal jugular vein and common carotid artery

34
Q

where does the pharyngeal branch leave the vagus?

A

at the level of the inferior ganglion

35
Q

what is the first thing the pharyngeal branch does upon leaving the vagus?

A

combines with fibers from the glossopharyngeal and with symathetic fibers from the sympathetic trunk

36
Q

when the pharyngeal branch combines with glossopharyngeal and sympathetic trunk it form what?

A

pharyngeal plexus.. you should already known this

37
Q

vagal fibers of the pharyngeal plexus will provide motor innervation to what?

A

pharyngeal constrictor muscles and the levator veli palatine muscle of the soft palate

38
Q

what other branches besides the pharyngeal are given off at the inferior ganglion?

A

branches to the carotid

39
Q

what do the branches of the carotid carry?

A

they carry viscerosensory fibers that relay information from chemoreceptors in the carotid body

40
Q

where do the branches of the carotid carry the viscerosensory information to?

A

inferior part of the nucleus for the solitary tract

41
Q

what nerve is given off just inferior to the inferior ganglion?

A

superior laryngeal nerve

42
Q

what are the two divisions of the superior laryngeal nerve?

A

external laryngeal nerve

internal laryngeal nerve

43
Q

what does the external laryngeal motor supply?

A

cricothyroid muscle

44
Q

what does the internal laryngeal nerve sensory supply?

A

laryngeal mucosa as far inferior as the vocal folds

45
Q

what does the recurrent laryngeal nerve motor supply?

A

supplies motor fibers to all muscles of the larynx, except the cricothyroid?

46
Q

what nerve supplies the cricothyroid?

A

external laryngeal nerve

47
Q

what does the recurrent laryngeal nerve sensory supply?

A

supplies from the larynx inferior to the vocal folds

48
Q

what is the path of the recurrent laryngeal nerve of the left side?

A

comes off the vagus as it passes in front of the aortic arch, then passes under the aortic arch and ascends, eventually becoming the inferior laryngeal nerve

49
Q

what is the path of the recurrent laryngeal nerve on the right side?

A

passes posteriorly under the subclavian artery before ascending

50
Q

what fibers do the superior and inferior cervical cardiac branches?

A

parasympathetic information to the cardiac plexus

51
Q

which cervical cardiac branch travels with the great vessels to the cardiac plexus?

A

the superior cervical cardiac branch

52
Q

where does the inferior cervical cardiac branch come from?

A

its a branch off of the recurrent laryngeal nerve

53
Q

one of the cervical cardiac branches will carry viscerosensory information concerning what?

A

pressure of the wall of the aorta.

54
Q

when is the cervical cardiac branch carrying viscerosensory information of the pressure of the aorta wall stimulated?

A

the nerve is stimulated when the pressure becomes too high

55
Q

as the vagus nerve enters the thorax and passes posterior to the root of the ipsilateral lung and contributes to what?

A

pulmonary plexus

56
Q

after entering the thorax and contributing to the pulmonary plexus what is the path variations of the right and left vagus nerve?

A

the right passes posteriorly and the left passes anteriorly of the esophagus, contributing to the esophageal plexus

57
Q

how does the right vagus nerve enter the abdmonial cavity?

A

through the esophageal opening

58
Q

what does the right vagus nerve become when it enters the abdominal cavity?

A

becomes the posterior vagal trunk

59
Q

the posterior vagal trunk sends branches to the posterior stomach which terminate where?

A

terminates in a large celiac branch

60
Q

where does the large celiac branch send branches to?

A

duodenum
liver
kidneys
small intestine and proximal 2/3 of the large intestine

61
Q

how does vagal supply reach the organs innervated by the the celiac branch?

A

through the celiac, superior mesenteric, and renal plexuses

62
Q

what does the left vagal nerve become after entering the abdominal cavity?

A

anterior vagal trunk

63
Q

how does the left vagus nerve enter the abdominal cavity?

A

esophageal opening

64
Q

where does the anterior vagal trunk supply?

A

sends branches to the stomach, liver, pancreas and superior part of the duodenum

PNS (6 decks)

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