Exam 2 Tophat Questions Flashcards
T/F: There is a killed vaccine for FeLV. It would be important to know the vaccination history of a cat when testing for FeLV because vaccination could complicate the interpretation of the FeLV Antigen test.
False; we are looking for a virus, so Ab presence wouldn’t complicate the results of an Ag test
Yes/No: There is a vaccine for FIV. Would you expect it to complicate the interpretation of the
FIV antibody test?
Yes; Ab presence can be due to infected cat OR maternal Ab OR vaccine AB - the test doesn’t distinguish between them
What is the difference between a Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg?
Mixture of cytokines they secrete
T/F: Th cells are a type of gamma/delta T cell.
False
T/F: αβ and γδ refers to the type of T cell receptor and these are two different T cell populations
True
The helper cell that is important in defense against intracellular pathogens (e.g. Salmonella) and the signature cytokine it secretes is interferon gamma is a _____ T cell.
Th1
The helper cell that is important in defense against helminth parasites and its signature cytokines result in B cells class switching to make IgE is a _____ T cell.
Th2
The helper cell that is important in defense against extracellular pathogens and fungi and its signature cytokines attract and activate neutrophils is a _____ T cell.
Th17
What T cells are important for controlling the immune response and preventing autoimmune disease (reaction to self-antigens)?
Treg cells
What do CTL and NK cells NOT do?
induce inflammation (they use apoptosis)
What cells produce type 1 interferon?
virally infected cells
Why is an animal susceptible to infection after a burn or severe injury with loss of skin?
The skin provides an important protective barrier
Where does secretory IgA provide protection?
on mucosal surfaces
Where does IgE provide protection?
Beneath mucosal surfaces
What 4 body systems/tracts are part of the common mucosal immune system?
- Respiratory tract
- GI tract
- Mammary glands
- Genitourinary tract
What is the best way to get IgA in the gut of a baby pig?
vaccinate pregnant sow with live oral vaccine
T/F: If a gestating female is infected with a virus in the first trimester of pregnancy, the fetus will be able to mount a successful immune response to the virus.
False; can only do this in the 2nd or 3rd trimester (except rodents)
What is the best way to describe the immune system of a newborn domestic animal?
competent - all parts are developed
What is/are the predominant immunoglobulin class(es) in colostrum of most domestic species?
IgG
In which mammal does IgG cross the placenta?
humans
What % of maternal Ab do foals receive from across the placenta?
0%
What is hypersensitivity?
An immune-mediated damaging inflammatory response to a normally innocuous antigen
T/F: The first time a dog genetically prone to allergies is exposed to ragweed, it will likely have clinical signs.
False
What stimulates mast cell degranulation?
IgE cross-linking, C’ fixation, and physical trauma
