Exam 2 Test Questions Flashcards
Body builders often perform short-duration, high-intensity resistance sessions to maximize increases in ____ (hormone) and to mitigate increases in _____ (hormone) , which will optimize post-exercise recovery and training adaptations (in this case maximize muscle hypertrophy)…
Maximize: growth hormone
Minimize: Cortizol
Please indicate why resistance training workouts focused on muscle strength often utilize loads of >85% 1 RM
To maximize force output each rep
Which fitness dimension is defined as the ability to perform repeated, high-intensity contractions or to sustain a single high-intensity contraction for a long period of time?
Muscular Endurance
Which exercise training principle asserts that the body will adapt to a particular type and amount of stress imposed on it?
Specificity
Which assessments are appropriate for the measurement of anaerobic power?
Wingate
Maximal Accumulated Oxygen Deficit
What phases are typically utilized within a periodized training program?
Microcycles
Mesocycles
Macrocycles
From the standpoint of muscle fiber changes, what are prevalent themes we have discussed in regard to Type IIa fibers that appear across the various types of training?
Type IIx transition to Type IIa
Increased size and function of Type IIa
Please indicate the type and technique of stretching that involves contraction of muscles around a joint to maintain a specific position in order to stretch the target muscle/muscle group.
Active, Static stretching
Please indicate the typical range of time most people can keep the adaptations to a specific environment following removal from that environment.
2-4 weeks
Which exercise principle indicates that placing increasing amounts of stress on the body will elicit adaptations that improve fitness?
Progressive Overload
Which special type of resistance training involves exogenous electrical stimulation of the motor nerve to contract a muscle, but the evidence appears to support its use only in clinical situations?
Electrical Stimulation
Which of the following is the primary limitation of traditional isometric resistance training to improve muscular strength?
Muscular strength improvements are confinded to a limited ROM
Following several weeks of respiratory muscle training, indicate the logical training adaptations for the respiratory system.
Increased FVC
Increased TLC
Increased Respiratory muscle strength
Besides dehydration, which health risks are logically associated with exercise performed at extremely high altitudes?
Acute Mountain Sickness
High Altitude Pulmonary Edema
When is acute overload typically performed?
early-middle mesocycles of training within a competetive macrocycle
Why is LT reached faster during arm exercise compared to leg exercise when both are performed at identical absolute exercise intensities?
Greater amount of Type IIa or IIx fibers in the arm muscle mass
Less muscle mass in the arms to perform the same amount of work
What is a logical acute exercise response to exercise performed in a hot, humid environment?
Increased blood flow to skin via vasodilation of cutaneous arterioles
What is the most logical impact on endurance performance following acclimatization to a high altitude environment?
Endruanc performance at high altitudes would improve, but performance would be less than “normal”
Endurance performance at low altitudes would improve beyond “normal” at sea level
What wold you expect to observe for insulin during exercise?
Decreased secretion
Improved efficiency
Stimulates glucose uptake into the muscles
What are the logical acute exercise responses to exercise performed in a very cold environment?
Increased blood flow to core via vasoconstriction of cutaneous arterioles
Decreased max HR and Q
Kidneys retain H2O and Na+ or NaCl
Decreased dissociation of O2 from HB at the muscles
How should several weeks of anaerobic training affect heart rate recovery compared to aerobic training?
Both aerobic and anaerobic training have been shown to improve HR recovery
How should several weeks of circuit resistancetraining affect stroke volume?
Resting SV would increase
Submax SV would increase
Max SV would increase
What are logical training adaptations following detraining or immobilization?
Muscular atrophy
Decreased muscular strength
Decreased protein synthesis
Describe High Frequency Fatigue
Example of Peripheral Fatigue
Persists for a few seconds up to a few minutes
Can be due to overstimulaton of a muscle fiber, whch creates excessive K+ efflux
What is conceptual difference between overreaching and overtraining?
Both overreaching and overtraining apply a training load that is too substantial without optimal short term rest and recovery, but overreaching eventually allows for adequate long-term rest and recovery to improve performanceand overtraing does not
What is the difference between aerobic power and anaerobic power?
Aerobic power = the entire body’s ability to perform prolonged, large muscle dynamic exercis at a moderate-high intensity (best assessed with VO2max)
Anaerobic power = the aount of mechanical work performed using primarily an ATP yield derived from anaerobic enercy systems (best assessed with Wingate)
