Exam 2 Test Questions

Question 1

Body builders often perform short-duration, high-intensity resistance sessions to maximize increases in ____ (hormone) and to mitigate increases in _____ (hormone) , which will optimize post-exercise recovery and training adaptations (in this case maximize muscle hypertrophy)…

Answer 1

Maximize: growth hormone
Minimize: Cortizol

Question 2

Please indicate why resistance training workouts focused on muscle strength often utilize loads of >85% 1 RM

Answer 2

To maximize force output each rep

Question 3

Which fitness dimension is defined as the ability to perform repeated, high-intensity contractions or to sustain a single high-intensity contraction for a long period of time?

Answer 3

Muscular Endurance

Question 4

Which exercise training principle asserts that the body will adapt to a particular type and amount of stress imposed on it?

Answer 4

Specificity

Question 5

Which assessments are appropriate for the measurement of anaerobic power?

Answer 5

Wingate

Maximal Accumulated Oxygen Deficit

Question 6

What phases are typically utilized within a periodized training program?

Answer 6

Microcycles
Mesocycles
Macrocycles

Question 7

From the standpoint of muscle fiber changes, what are prevalent themes we have discussed in regard to Type IIa fibers that appear across the various types of training?

Answer 7

Type IIx transition to Type IIa

Increased size and function of Type IIa

Question 8

Please indicate the type and technique of stretching that involves contraction of muscles around a joint to maintain a specific position in order to stretch the target muscle/muscle group.

Answer 8

Active, Static stretching

Question 9

Please indicate the typical range of time most people can keep the adaptations to a specific environment following removal from that environment.

Answer 9

2-4 weeks

Question 10

Which exercise principle indicates that placing increasing amounts of stress on the body will elicit adaptations that improve fitness?

Answer 10

Progressive Overload

Question 11

Which special type of resistance training involves exogenous electrical stimulation of the motor nerve to contract a muscle, but the evidence appears to support its use only in clinical situations?

Answer 11

Electrical Stimulation

Question 12

Which of the following is the primary limitation of traditional isometric resistance training to improve muscular strength?

Answer 12

Muscular strength improvements are confinded to a limited ROM

Question 13

Following several weeks of respiratory muscle training, indicate the logical training adaptations for the respiratory system.

Answer 13

Increased FVC
Increased TLC
Increased Respiratory muscle strength

Question 14

Besides dehydration, which health risks are logically associated with exercise performed at extremely high altitudes?

Answer 14

Acute Mountain Sickness

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema

Question 15

When is acute overload typically performed?

Answer 15

early-middle mesocycles of training within a competetive macrocycle

Question 16

Why is LT reached faster during arm exercise compared to leg exercise when both are performed at identical absolute exercise intensities?

Answer 16

Greater amount of Type IIa or IIx fibers in the arm muscle mass
Less muscle mass in the arms to perform the same amount of work

Question 17

What is a logical acute exercise response to exercise performed in a hot, humid environment?

Answer 17

Increased blood flow to skin via vasodilation of cutaneous arterioles

Question 18

What is the most logical impact on endurance performance following acclimatization to a high altitude environment?

Answer 18

Endruanc performance at high altitudes would improve, but performance would be less than “normal”
Endurance performance at low altitudes would improve beyond “normal” at sea level

Question 19

What wold you expect to observe for insulin during exercise?

Answer 19

Decreased secretion
Improved efficiency
Stimulates glucose uptake into the muscles

Question 20

What are the logical acute exercise responses to exercise performed in a very cold environment?

Answer 20

Increased blood flow to core via vasoconstriction of cutaneous arterioles
Decreased max HR and Q
Kidneys retain H2O and Na+ or NaCl
Decreased dissociation of O2 from HB at the muscles

Question 21

How should several weeks of anaerobic training affect heart rate recovery compared to aerobic training?

Answer 21

Both aerobic and anaerobic training have been shown to improve HR recovery

Question 22

How should several weeks of circuit resistancetraining affect stroke volume?

Answer 22

Resting SV would increase
Submax SV would increase
Max SV would increase

Question 23

What are logical training adaptations following detraining or immobilization?

Answer 23

Muscular atrophy
Decreased muscular strength
Decreased protein synthesis

Question 24

Describe High Frequency Fatigue

Answer 24

Example of Peripheral Fatigue
Persists for a few seconds up to a few minutes
Can be due to overstimulaton of a muscle fiber, whch creates excessive K+ efflux

Question 25

What is conceptual difference between overreaching and overtraining?

Answer 25

Both overreaching and overtraining apply a training load that is too substantial without optimal short term rest and recovery, but overreaching eventually allows for adequate long-term rest and recovery to improve performanceand overtraing does not

Question 26

What is the difference between aerobic power and anaerobic power?

Answer 26

Aerobic power = the entire body’s ability to perform prolonged, large muscle dynamic exercis at a moderate-high intensity (best assessed with VO2max)
Anaerobic power = the aount of mechanical work performed using primarily an ATP yield derived from anaerobic enercy systems (best assessed with Wingate)