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A100 > Exam 2 Terms > Flashcards

Exam 2 Terms Flashcards

1
Q

paganism

A

a religion that has many gods or goddesses, considers the earth holy, and does not have a central authority

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2
Q

polytheism

A

belief in many gods

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3
Q

pantheon

A

all gods, collection of gods

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4
Q

votive

A

an object offered in fulfillment of a vow to the gods

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5
Q

monotheism

A

belief in one god

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6
Q

Judaism

A

oldest monotheistic religion, Jerusalem is holy site

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7
Q

The Torah

A

1st in five books of the Old Testament, Jewish holy book

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8
Q

altar

A

a table or flat-topped block used as the focus for a religious ritual, especially for making sacrifices or offerings to a deity.

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9
Q

mystery cults

A

secret religions requiring initiation

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10
Q

Christianity

A

the religion based on the person and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth, or its beliefs and practices.

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11
Q

soteriological religion

A

religion based on doctrines of salvation

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12
Q

Islam

A

the religion of the Muslims, a monotheistic faith regarded as revealed through Muhammad as the Prophet of Allah.

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13
Q

Abrahamic faiths

A

Judaism, Christianity, Islam

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14
Q

Koros (plural kouroi)

A

an archaic Greek statue of a young man, standing and often naked. Origin

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15
Q

Kore (plural korai)

A

an archaic Greek statue of a young woman, standing and clothed in long loose robes.

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16
Q

polychromy

A

the art of painting in several colors, especially as applied to ancient pottery, sculpture, and architecture

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17
Q

terracotta

A

unglazed, typically brownish-red earthenware, used chiefly as an ornamental building material and in modeling

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18
Q

divination

A

the practice of seeking knowledge of the future or the unknown by supernatural means.

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19
Q

suovetaurilia

A

in ancient rome, a sacrifice of a hog, a ram, and a bull

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20
Q

apotheosis

A

the elevation of someone to divine status; deification.

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21
Q

syncretism

A

the amalgamation or attempted amalgamation of different religions, cultures, or schools of thought.

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22
Q

catacomb

A

an underground cemetery consisting of a subterranean gallery with recesses for tombs

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23
Q

tufa

A

a porous rock composed of calcium carbonate and formed by precipitation from water

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24
Q

inhumation

A

To place in a grave; bury.

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25
Q

cremation

A

to reduce (a dead body) to ashes by fire

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26
Q

orans

A

a figure in art with extended arms or bodily attitude of prayer, usually standing, with the elbows close to the sides of the body and with the hands outstretched sideways, palms up

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27
Q

bishop

A

a senior member of the Christian clergy

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28
Q

The Bible

A

Christian Holy book, Old Testament and New Testament

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29
Q

Madonna

A

Virgin Mary

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30
Q

The Annunciation

A

When angel Gabriel informs Mary of her impending pregnancy with Jesus Christ

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31
Q

The Adoration of the Magi

A

When the 3 wise men visit Jesus bearing gifts

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32
Q

Crucifixion

A

death on a cross

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33
Q

Resurrection

A

When Christ came back from the dead and escaped his tomb

34
Q

Ascension

A

When Christ rose to heaven

35
Q

saint

A

someone made special by authority of church through his or her holiness and martyrdom

36
Q

martyrdom

A

act of suffering in the name of faith

37
Q

icon

A

religious image used for worship

38
Q

patron

A

person who commissioned/paid for artwork

39
Q

Roman Architectural Revolution

A

invention of concrete and the widespread use in Roman architecture of the previously little-used architectural forms of the arch, vault, and dome.

40
Q

peristyle

A

columns lining outside of temple all around

41
Q

cella

A

main room within temple

42
Q

doric

A

stocky, heavy, less ornamental style of roman architecture, no column base or volute

43
Q

ionic

A

decorative, light, tall style of roman architecture, has column bases and volutes

44
Q

corinthian

A

very fancy style of architecture, volutes and leaves

45
Q

pseudoperipteral

A

side columns are part of walls, give the illusion of actual columns

46
Q

post and lintel

A

like stonehenge, posts are vertical structures that support lintel, or horizontal structure

47
Q

frieze, metope, capital, column, pediment,

48
Q

basilica

A

plain outer structure, impressive ornate inner structure

49
Q

apse

A

where mass service is made, *photo*

50
Q

nave

A

open center space

51
Q

clerestory

A

level of windows above arcade

52
Q

arcade

A

row of arches

53
Q

arch

A

rounded structural element that helped with weight distribution when building

54
Q

barrel vault

A

arch structure extended

55
Q

cathedral

A

church with which the bishop is associated

56
Q

triforium

A

a gallery or arcade above the arches of the nave, choir, and transepts of a church.

57
Q

groin vault

A

produced by the intersection at right angles of two barrel vaults.

58
Q

Renaissance

A

rebirth of art and classical antiquity

59
Q

Vitruvius

A

author of architectural books

60
Q

facade

A

outside front of church

61
Q

Palladian architecture

A

Of or characteristic of the Renaissance architectural style of Andrea Palladio. Corintian columns, symmetry, pediments

62
Q

classicizing

A

when architecture is not from the ancient world, but has elements of ancient architecture

63
Q

modernism

A

rejection of classic and traditional architecture, geometric

64
Q

I.M. Pei

A

architect of IU art museum, focused on triangular geometry

65
Q

Abstraction

A

freedom from representational qualities in art.

66
Q

Hellenistic

A

of or relating to Greek history, language, and culture from the death of Alexander the Great to the defeat of Cleopatra and Mark Antony by Octavian in 31 BC

67
Q

spolia

A

spoils of war, booty

68
Q

forum

A

the marketplace or public square of an ancient Roman city, the center of judicial and business affairs and a place of assembly for the people.

69
Q

imperial fora

A

series of monumental fora (public squares), constructed in Rome over a period of one and a half centuries

70
Q

Venus Genetrix

A

The Temple of Venus Genetrix is a ruined temple in the Forum of Caesar, Rome, dedicated to the Roman goddess Venus Genetrix, the goddess of motherhood and domesticity.

71
Q

triumph

A

parade of victory to show off spoils of war, only time roman soldiers can be out of their armor

72
Q

Alexander the Great

A

A ruler of Greece in the fourth century b.c. , conquered most of the ancient world, extending the civilization of Greece east to India. philosopher Aristotle was his tutor.

73
Q

Trajan

A

Roman emperor (98-117) whose reign was marked by an extensive building program and compassionate treatment of the poor.

74
Q

Dacian

A

pertaining to region that is modern day Romania

75
Q

Constantine

A

Emperor of Rome who stopped the persecution of Christians and in 324 made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire

76
Q

Grief based monuments

A

remembering lost lives, 9/11 memorials

77
Q

Shame based monuments

A

remembering shameful events in history, lynching memorial

78
Q

The National Mall

A

A long, rectangular stretch of parkland in the middle of Washington, D.C., that extends from the grounds of the Lincoln Memorial to the United States Capitol.

79
Q

D-day

A

when U.S. and allies invaded Normandy to oust Nazi occupation in France

80
Q

cenotaph

A

a grave-like monument without body, commemorates bodies that couldn’t be retrieved during war

A100 (4 decks)

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