Exam 1 Key Terms Flashcards
Visual Analysis
only concerned with visual elements of artwork
Composition
how work of art is arranged, how objects are placed in relation to one another
Line
concrete visualization of a point moving through space, used to outline or define details
color/light
color is revealed by light, hues/values/brightness. light can be either real or represented by the artist
space
can be actual or illusionistic (impression of 3D space),
proportion & scale
proportion relates to how an object relates to itself (hand is proportional to body), scale refers to size relationship of different objects/figures
Medium
a means for creating art
fresco
executed on wall w/ fresh plaster (gesso) surface, must be done quickly before plaster dries, pigment is usually a type of mineral
ex: The Dionysiac Frieze, The Villa of Mysteries, Roman, Pompeii, 1st C. BCE
tempera
pigment mixed with gelatinous material like egg, honey, or milk. artist can control intensity of color, dries quickly
ex: The Birth of Venus, Sandro Botticelli, 1486
oil painting
pigment mixed w/ type of oil, usually linseed or grapeseed. shiny
ex: Arnolfini Portrait, Jan van Eyk, 1434
book illumination
scripts are handwritten/decorated, rich colors w/ metallic details, illusion of light
ex: The Book of Kells, ca. 800 CE, Ireland
mosaic
arrangement of glass or ceramic tiles (tesserae) to create picture
ex: The Alexander Mosaic, Roman, 1st C. BCE
additive/subtractive sculpture
additive: material is steadily built up to produce the finished figure
subtractive: material is carved away to reveal finished form
bronze, marble, ivory
bronze: additive medium of sculpting
ex: Riace Warriors, Greek, 5th C. BCE
Marble: subtractive, made of stone
ex: Laocoon and His Sons, Roman, 1st C. CE
Ivory: taken from animal husks
ex: The Barberini Ivory, 6th C. CE
printmaking and engraving
carving a surface like a stamp (woodcut, metal plates, lithograph)
ex: Melencolia I, Albrecht Dürer, 1514
role portrait?
portrait which makes it known what the subject’s role/position was?????
nemes
striped headcloth worn by pharaohs in ancient Egypt. It covered the whole crown and back of the head and nape of the neck (sometimes also extending a little way down the back) and had two large flaps which hung down behind the ears and in front of both shoulders.
verism
artistic preference of contemporary everyday subject matter instead of the heroic or legendary in art and literature; a form of realism
Horus
the falcon-headed Egyptian god of light and the son of Osiris and Isis
ad locutio
in rome, an address by a general (usually the emperor) to his massed army and a general salute from the army to their leader.
capite velato
in rome, refers to the act of covering the head with a veil when performing sacrifices
psalter
copy of the Book of Psalms
International Gothic Style
a style of Gothic art, especially painting, developed in Europe in the late 14th and early 15th centuries, chiefly characterized by details carefully delineated in a naturalistic manner, elongated and delicately modeled forms, the use of complex perspective, and an emphasis on the decorative or ornamental aspect of drapery, foliage, or setting.
regent
a person appointed to administer a country because the monarch is a minor or is absent or incapacitated.
iconography
content of image
altarpiece
art set above and behind an altar
polytych: altarpiece made of several panels
register: layers (upper/lower rows)
ex: Ghent Altarpiece, Herbert and Jan van Eyck, 1432
donor portrait
portrait in a larger painting or other work showing the person who commissioned and paid for the image
Joos Vijd
patrician who founded chapel in which Ghent Altarpiece was first hung
grisaille
a method of painting in gray monochrome, typically to imitate sculpture
ex: Ghent Altarpiece, Herbert and Jan van Eyck, 1432
self-portrait
a portrait of an artist produced or created by that artist.
Aegean Bronze Age
in cyclades islands, crete, greek mainland
Polis
meaning “city”
Slip
suspension in water of clay and/or other materials used in the production of ceramic ware
geometric style
figures illustrated on vessels are geometric
Attica
region that encompasses Athens
Black Figure
style of vase artwork, figures are black, ETCHED. more line oriented
Red figure
figures are red (look yellow), PAINTED, allows for more detail and movement, more naturalistic
Bilingual vase
black figure on one side, red figure on the other
ex: Bilingual Amphora, Andokides Painter, 520-510 BCE
Amphora
almond-shaped vessel for wine, sometimes monumental object to honor the dead
ex: Ajax and Achilles Amphora, Exekias, 540-530 BCE
Krater
bowl-shaped vessel, used to mix wine, monumental piece
ex: Geometric Krater, Dipylon Cemetery, Athens, Ca. 740 BCE
symposium
drinking party for greek men to discuss art
Hercules
a mythical Greek hero renowned for his great strength and especially for performing 12 labors imposed on him by Hera.
The Labors of Hercules
the 12 extraordinary feats performed by Hercules in order to gain immortality.
genre painting
a style of painting depicting scenes from ordinary life, especially domestic situations. Genre painting is associated particularly with 17th-century Dutch and Flemish artists.
still-life
a painting or drawing of an arrangement of objects
protestantism
the faith, practice, and church order of the Protestant churches.
Dutch Golden Age
period in Dutch history, 17th century, in which Dutch trade, science, military, and art were among the most acclaimed in the world.
chiaroscuro
the treatment of light and shade in drawing and painting.
tronie
works of Dutch Golden Age painting and Flemish Baroque painting that shows an exaggerated facial expression or a stock character in costume. tronie=face
hierarchy of genres
any formalization which ranks different genres in an art form in terms of their prestige and cultural value
