Exam 2 Study Guide- Differential DX Flashcards
True/False: degenerative disease can cause ANY type of dysarthria
True! Common cause of spastic, flaccid, ataxic and hypo kinetic dysarthria
ALS- spastic and flaccid dysarthria
Parkinson’s- hypokinetic
NOT commonly seen in UUMN and hyperkinetic
True/False: TBI can cause any type of dysarthria
True!
Close head injury usually causes spastic dysarthria
Skull fractures or neck injury typically cut the cranial nerves causing flaccid dysarthria
True/False: surgical trauma can cause any type of dysarthria
True! It depends on the lesion sight.
Ear, nose, throat and cardiac surgeries are associated with flaccid dysarthria
Hypokinetic dysarthria are LESS common in surgical trauma
True/False: drug use can lead to
Any dysarthria
False. Usually associated with hyperkinetic dysarthria or ataxia
Rarely associated with flaccid or UUMN dysarthria
True/False: vascular problems can lead to any type of dysarthria
True HOWEVER you do not commonly see hyperkinetic dysarthrias with vascular problems.
It is commonly associated with UUMN and flaccid dysarthria
True/False: Demyelinating disorders can cause any type of dysarthria
True.
MS is most commonly associated with ataxic dysarthria
What type of dysarthrias are associated with anatomic malformations?
Flaccid dysarthria BUT can cause spastic or ataxic dysarthria
neuromuscular junctions, muscle disorders and neuropathies are what type of conditions (CNS or PNS)?
What type of dysarthria do that result in?
They are PNS conditions
They result in flaccid dysarthria
What are the finding associated with flaccid dysarthria?
Atrophy and fasciculations
Hypotonia
Hyporeflexia
What are the finding associated with spastic dysarthria?
Hypertonia
Hyperreflexia
Pathologic oral reflexes
Hyperactive gag
What are the finding associated with ataxic dysarthria?
Normal oral mech exam
Jaw, face, lingual movements are often dysmetric (lack of coordination)
What are the finding associated with hypokinetic dysarthria?
Facial masking
Orofacial tremulousness
Reduced range of motion on nonspeech AMRs
What are the finding associated with hyperkinetic dysarthria?
Quick or slow, patterned or unpatterned involuntary movements during AMRs or sustained speech
Some involuntary movements only happen during speech
What are the finding associated with UUMN dysarthria?
Unilateral face or tongue weakness WITHOUT atrophy or fasciculations
Can see unilateral signs in Flaccid dysarthria as well
What are the SPEECH RELATED finding associated with flaccid dysarthria?
What happens when CN X is involved?
Phonatory and resonatory abnormalities
Continuous breathiness, Diplophonia, audible inspirations AND/or short phrases are common when CN X are involved
