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KINE 4800 > Exam 2 Study Guide > Flashcards

Exam 2 Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

Study of the form, pattern, or sequencing of movement with respect to time

A

Kinematics

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2
Q

TF: Kinematics is only analyzed quantitatively

A

False, quantitatively and qualitatively

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3
Q

Focuses on motion without considering forces

A

Kinematics

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4
Q

Examines forces causing movement

A

Kinetics

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5
Q

Only has magnitude (ex: mass, distance, speed, volume)

A

Scalars

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6
Q

Has both magnitude and direction (ex: velocity, force, acceleration, displacement)

A

Vectors

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7
Q

TF: Vector quantities can be both positive and negative

A

True

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8
Q

Scalar & Vector quantities use __ to show direction

A

Arrows

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9
Q

(l): Total length traveled (scalar)

A

Distance

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10
Q

(d): Direct distance from initial to final (vector)

A

Displacement

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11
Q

A skater’s distance is measured along the track but displacement is the _ - _ distance from start to finish

A

Straight-line

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12
Q

A runner ✨completing✨ a 400m lap has a distance of __ and a displacement of __

A

400m
0m

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13
Q

Scalar: Distance/Time (s)

A

Speed

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14
Q

Vector: Displacement / Time

A

Velocity

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15
Q

Velocity at a SINGLE moment

A

Instantaneous velocity

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16
Q

Total displacement / Total time (v)

A

Average velocity

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17
Q

Formula: ⚠️d / ⚠️t

A

Velocity (m/s)

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18
Q

Vector: Rate of change of velocity (a)

A

Acceleration

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19
Q

TF: Acceleration cannot be both positive (speeding up) or negative (slowing down)

A

False

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20
Q

Formula: (Vf-Vi) /⚠️t

A

Acceleration (m/s^2)

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21
Q

Acceleration(a) is _ when velocity is constant

A

Zero

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22
Q

Acc: Speeding up (+) in a positive direction (+)

A

Positive acceleration

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23
Q

Acc: Slowing down (-) in a positive direction (+)

A

Negative acceleration

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24
Q

Acc: Speeding up (+) in a negative direction (-)

A

Negative acceleration

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25
Q

Acc: Slowing down (-) in a negative direction (-)

A

Positive acceleration

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26
Q

What Trigonometry calculation can be made to find angles?

A

Pythagorean theorem
Inverse trig functions [ex: tan^-1(opp/adj)]

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27
Q

Any object in free fall influenced only by GRAVITY and AIR RESISTANCE

A

Projectile

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28
Q

Human movement can be classified as a __ motion

A

Projectile

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29
Q

All projectiles follow a __ trajectory

A

Parabolic

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30
Q

All objects will follow a known path

A

Parabola

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31
Q

Trajectory: Affected by gravity (-9.81m/s) & influences maximum HEIGHT

A

Vertical component

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32
Q

Trajectory: Not affected by gravity, determines DISTANCE traveled

A

Horizontal component

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33
Q

TF: In the Trajectory, Time going up ≠ Time going down

A

False
Time going up = Time going down (assuming level ground)
SYMMETRY

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34
Q

The direction relative to Horizontal

A

Projection Angle

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35
Q

Projection Angle: Straight up and down (ex: getting the jump ball in BB)

A

Vertical (90°)

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36
Q

Projection Angle: Half-parabolic trajectory (ex: throwing a ball to another person)

A

Horizontal (0°)

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37
Q

Projection Angle: Full parabolic trajectory (think Stomp Rocket)

A

Oblique (0° - 90°)

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38
Q

Determines overall trajectory length/the magnitude of projection velocity

A

Projection speed

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39
Q

The difference between initial height and landing height (ex: rocket on stand vs rocket hitting ground)

A

Relative Height of Projection

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40
Q

If a soccer ball starts at the ground & lands on the ground after a kick, what is its Relative projection height?

A

0

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41
Q

FREEBIE

A

Deep Breathe
Drink Water
Touch Grass

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42
Q

What are the factors affecting Projectile Trajectory (PaPsRh)

A

Projection Angle
Projection Speed
Relative Height of Projection

43
Q

REMINDER

A

Do a practice problem

44
Q

A projectile’s horizontal motion remains constant, while vertical motion… (think stomp rocket)

A

Is constantly changing
Is influenced by gravity (-9.81 m/s^2)

45
Q

TF: Object dropped and launched horizontally from same height hit the ground at different times

A

False
Same time

46
Q

The 2 parts of Initial velocity

A

Horizontal velocity(vx)
Vertical velocity (vy)

47
Q

Velocity: Remains constant in initial velocity

A

Horizontal velocity

48
Q

Velocity: Changes due to gravity in initial velocity

A

Vertical velocity

49
Q

Acce: Always -9.81m/s2 (gravitational influence)

A

Vertical acceleration

50
Q

Acc: Zero (no force acting in this direction)

A

Horizontal acceleration

51
Q

Motion along a line either straight or curved line, with all parts moving in the same direction/speed

A

Linear motion

52
Q

TF: At the peak of the trajectory of a projectile, vertical velocity is at its maximum (largest value)

A

False
At the apex it is Zero

53
Q

Projectile motion: The pattern of change in the vertical velocity of a projectile is _ about the apex of the trajectory

A

Symmetrical

54
Q

Projectile motion: Vertical velocity Decreases as the ball __ __ because of gravitational acceleration

A

Rises upwards

56
Q

Projectile motion: Vertical velocity Increases as the ball __ __ because of gravitational acceleration

A

Falls downwards

57
Q

Review: Linear motion is also known as…

A

Translation

58
Q

Review: Motion along a curved line

A

Curvilinear

59
Q

Rotation AROUND the axis of rotation

A

Angular motion

60
Q

Angular motion: The __ passes through the joint’s center

A

Axis of rotation

61
Q

Angles: Measured as movement AWAY from anatomical position

A

Joint angles

62
Q

Review: Erect standing position with all body parts facing forward

A

Anatomical position

63
Q

Angular orientation of a body segment with respect to a FIXED line of reference

A

Body segment orientation

64
Q

TF: The straight, fully extended position at a joint is regarded as zero degrees

65
Q

The located center of a joint at a given INSTANT in time

A

Instant center of rotation

66
Q

Instant Center of Rotation: The path of the IC __ as movement of the joint occurs

67
Q

If the rotational motion is identified as positive, it is directed __ ⏰

A

Counterclockwise

68
Q

If the rotational motion is identified as negative, it is directed __ ⏰

69
Q

The SUM of all Angular changes that have occurred

A

Angular distance

70
Q

The CHANGE in Angular position from initial to final (F-I)

A

Angular Displacement

71
Q

Units of Angular displacement (3)

A

Degrees, Radians, and/or revolutions

72
Q

The size or an angle subtended at the center of a circle by an arc equal to length to the RADIUS of the circle

73
Q

Radians are often quantified in multiples of _ 🥧

74
Q

The # of times the movement completes a full 360° around the axis of rotation

A

Revolutions

75
Q

The Angular distance covered / time interval when motion occurred

A

Angular speed

76
Q

Formula: 𝜎 = 𝜑 /△𝑡

A

Angular speed

77
Q

The rate of change in Angular POSITION or orientation of a line segment

A

Angular velocity

78
Q

Formula: 𝜔 = 𝜃 /
△𝑡

A

Angular velocity

79
Q

Rate of change in angular VELOCITY

A

Angular acceleration

80
Q

Angular measure: What radians and revolutions are equal to 90°?

A

π/2 radians
1/4 revs

81
Q

Angular measure: What radians and revolutions are equal to 180°?

A

π radians
1/2 revs

82
Q

Angular measure: What radians and revolutions are equal to 180°?

83
Q

Angular measure: What radians and revolutions are equal to 270°?

A

3 π/2 radians
3/4 revs

84
Q

Angular measure: What radians and revolutions are equal to 360°?

A

2 π radians
1 revolution

85
Q

When is there zero angular acceleration? (Av)

A

When angular velocity is constant or 0

86
Q

AA: Increasing (+) angular velocity in positive(+) direction (counterclockwise) equals _ _ _

A

Positive angular acceleration

87
Q

AA: Decreasing(-) angular velocity in the negative(-) direction (clockwise) equals _ _ _

A

Positive angular acceleration

88
Q

AA: Increasing(+) angular velocity in the negative(-) direction (clockwise) equals _ _ _

A

Negative acceleration

89
Q

AA: Decreasing(-) angular velocity in the positive(+) direction (counterclockwise) equals _ _ _

A

Negative angular acceleration

90
Q

The GREATER the radius is between a given point on a rotating body and the axis of rotation, the _ the linear distance traveled by that point during angular motion

91
Q

Formula:

A

Linear distance

92
Q

TF: The linear distance(s) and radius of rotation(r) can be in different units

A

False
Must be same (eg. meters)

93
Q

TF: Angular distance must be in degrees for linear and angular displacement to work

A

False
Radians

94
Q

What is the relationship between linear and angular velocities? (RRR)

A

Related by the Radius of Rotation

95
Q

TF: Angular velocity (𝜔) must in radians (rad/s)

96
Q

The GREATER the angular velocity of a baseball bat, the __ a struck ball will travel (with all other conditions/factors being constant)

97
Q

Take a walk outside

A

And a breather😀

98
Q

What acceleration vectors show relative to a circular path of motion? (2)

A

Tangential
Radial

99
Q

TF(Quizziz): Vertical velocity is positive throughout a projectile’s trajectory.

A

False
Negative

100
Q

Quizziz: We would expect to achieve a projectile’s largest range when launched at what angle? (Stomp rocket)

101
Q

TF (Quiz): If air resistance is regarded, the horizontal component of a projectile is zero

102
Q

Quiz: In the absence of air resistance, the horizontal acceleration of a projectile is always equal to __

103
Q

Quiz: If velocity is constant, then acceleration is _

104
Q

Quiz: If the knee joint goes through 100° of flexion during the down phase of a squat, what is the total DISTANCE traveled during 1 complete squat? (Starting from standing up, then down, then back to standing)

105
Q

Review: Motion along a straight line

A

Rectilinear

KINE 4800 (10 decks)

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