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ARTH-102 > Exam 2 Study Guide > Flashcards

Exam 2 Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

Who commissioned Michelangelo to sculpt his tomb?

A

Pope Julius 2nd

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2
Q

Who commissioned Michelangelo to paint the Sistine Chapel?

A

Pope Julius 2nd

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3
Q

What are the scenes in the Sistine Chapel about?

A

The paintings are scenes from the book of Genesis. In addition, there is also biblical scenes from the old testaments and pagan paintings about the coming of Christ. There are also a few symbolic references to the the New Testament.

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4
Q

What are the nude, young, men in the paintings called?

A

Ignudi

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5
Q

What represented Julius the 2nd in the paintings?

A

Acorns, oak leaves

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6
Q

The fit bodies that were depicted in the ceiling represented what style?

A

Classical

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7
Q

Michelangelo painted prophet?

A

Isaiah and Ezekiel. He also painted Sybil, Lybian Sibil,

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8
Q

There are two scenes in the Sistine Chapel depicting the separation of something in the creation of the world. What are they?

A

God Separating Light from Dark and the Separation of Dry Land from Water

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9
Q

Michelangelo painted “Creating Sun, Moon and…?

A

Plants”

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10
Q

How did Pope Innocent III believe that humans were made and their character was like based on “On the Misery of the Human Condition” in 1109?

A

“Men were made from dust, slime and ashes. Conceived from the itch of flesh in heat of passion and stench of lust, stain of sin. Born to toil, dread and trouble, and born to die…” Believed that men were made equally to beasts, lower than fish and plants, since men were made from literal dirt

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11
Q

How did Pico Della Mirandola see humans according to “Oration on the Dignity of Man”

A

Nothing more wonderful than men.
“Man is the mediator of all creatures, the servant of all superior beings, the lord of the inferior ones…”
In addition, “It seems I have understood why man is the most fortunate of all beings and therefore worthy of admiration, and what is the position which has been granted to him in the universal order, so that not only the beasts, but the stars and other worldly intelligence envy him”.

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12
Q

Which of these outlooks was true for the time?
a. Human beings are powerful because of rational thinking
b. Human beings have spiritual power, and we are self created

A

b. Human beings have spiritual power, and we are self created

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13
Q

The Creation of Adam. Michelangelo 1512

A
  1. Adam and God’s forms echo each other
  2. The woman and child next to God are considered to be the Virgin Mary and Jesus
  3. Some people believe that the woman might be Eve, but not the original Eve, but the one in The New Eve Theology: which states that God sends the new Adam (Jesus), and the new Eve (Mary)
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14
Q

From what age was Michelangelo raised with the Medici?

A

Since he was 13

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15
Q

The Creation of Eve. Michelangelo 1508-12

A
  1. Eve made out of Adam’s rib
  2. Adam’s almost dead look and tree is foreshadowing to the death of Christ.
  3. Eve’s apologetic look could be foreshadowing for her sin
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16
Q

Fall of Man and Expulsion from Eden Michelangelo

A
  1. Tree of knowledge is good and evil
  2. Archangel Michael is kicking them out of paradise
  3. Female Devil
  4. Eve is “weaker and more corrupt” than Adam
  5. Erotic pose for Eve in addition to her hand posing in a ‘sinful and perverse’ form
  6. Right hand of God, but her right hand is in a sinful form
  7. Her body looks male, with an ugly face, no longer fitting into classical beauty
17
Q

The David. Michelangelo 1501-1504

A
  1. Made in Florence for Florence Cathedral
  2. Seen as Michelangelo outdoing the classics
  3. Was set in the center of Florence
  4. The scene is supposed to occur BEFORE killing Goliath
  5. The tree stomp is for support only, no meaning
18
Q

Michelangelo Moses 1513-15

A

Represents the scene of Moses confronting God and receiving the tablets with the commandments, only to come back from the arduous trip to see the people worshipping a golden cow, making him break the tablet in anger and going back to God for another one.

19
Q

Why did Michelangelo study anatomy?

A

For naturalism and individualism

20
Q

Moses was believed to have horns at one point, and was even represented as such in the sculpture, why was this?

A

Mistranslation in the bible

21
Q

What are some of the different versions of Pieta and by who were they made?

A

Roeltgen Pieta 1325
Pieta Bohemia 1395-1400
Perugino Pieta 1490s
Michelangelo Pieta 1498-99

22
Q

Michelangelo Pieta 1498-1499

A
  1. Now behind glass
  2. Mary holding Jesus as he’s put down from the cross
  3. The text on it reads “Michelangelo Florentine made this” because he heard people give other artist credit. Although he later regretted it, as he felt guilty for writing his name on the Virgin
  4. The disproportionality between man and small woman was fixed by the huge garment Mary wears
23
Q

Tomb of Giuliano Medici

A
  1. Female representing night.
    The female represents the unknown, an indication of time itself, a troubling experience.
  2. The mask represents nightmares
  3. Owl represents witchcraft
  4. Poppy seeds representing opioids to make life bearable and sleep possible
  5. The male represents day, although he is also uncertain. Extra muscles added for expression
  6. Michelangelo using mannerism with long neck
24
Q

Last Judgement Michelangelo. 1534-41

A

Fully mannerist
* Saints pleading to God to let them into heaven
* St Peter has the keys to heaven and hell
* All the popes become Peter and have the authority of Christ at the time
*God’s hand aiming at the left means rejection
*The martyr of each saint represented
*Eventually some of the figures were painted with clothing because they were seen as too sexual
*Image of Despair going down to Hell
*MIchelangelo painted one of his critics being pulled into Hell
*Mino (?) assigning which level of Hell you go to depending on your sin and the level of his coils
*St Bartholomew who had his skin ripped off as his martyr was used by Michelangelo to represent himself as the cut off skin since he was so troubled by his sexuality and the overall poor situation of the church at the moment which was falling apart. This was worsened by the bible being translated which meant that people no longer had to rely on the Pope as much

25
Q

JACOPO PONTORNO, DEPOSITION 1526-28

A

Cluster defeats the idea of a rationally spaced
Colours also defeat rationalism, body types do too

26
Q

AGNOLO BRONZINO, ALLEGORY OF VENUS 1540-46

A

Complex poses for the viewer to figure out
Cupid is the boy to the left
“Erotic” interaction between mother and son
Man is the symbol of time. “Time will reveal all, your sin will be known”
Little boy in the right is throwing roses suggesting this should be enjoyed
Serpent/Scorpion woman holding honeycomb represents the sweetness of sin will sting you at the end
Serpent Scorpion woman has a left hand for a right and right for left

27
Q

VERONOSESE, CHRIST IN THE HOUSE OF LEVI 1573

A

When he painted this it was in a commission to the last supper. But because he added random creatures and lots of drinking, looks like a random party so he was called due to complaints. He said “Oh well let’s just call it Christ in the house of levi then”, Levi was a heavy sinner

28
Q

MICHELANGELO PIETA

A

Classical in nature
Intends for viewer to see this as beautiful
Intended for devotional purposes, viewer is supposed to have intense religious feelings when looking at it

29
Q

VENUS OF URBINO

A

Idealised body of a woman
NOT intended to be a picture of Venus
Its about the experience of Venus with an erotic component
She is looking at us
Aphrodite freshly out of the bath. Descended from Venus but not specifically Venus
Artist was becoming extremely popular, a cultural superstar

30
Q

PASTORAL SYMPHONY

A

Typically Venetian Painting
Artistic inspiration
Two nude figures are muses
These two figures are descended from Aphrodite, NOT made from actual bodies
Emphasized colour

31
Q

RAPHAEL, TRANSFIGURATION

A

Separation of image into two
God being visited by Moses
Humans and world below being shown as giving into sin into this dark world
Still fail in their faith
Exorcism failed bc their faith wasnt strong enough
Christ refused them because of their little faith
Christ healed boy (He had seizures)

32
Q

MICHELANGELO, LAST JUDGMENT

A

Mannerist
Right blessed taken into heaven, left
Right and left ideals being taken from Middle Ages
Fear of Michelangelo of not being worthy of salvation

33
Q

LORENZO MEDICI TOMB, MICHELANGELO

A

Woman night, men day
Troubled image of human experience on Earth
Symbols accompanying night, mask, owl, poppy seeds

34
Q

CREATION OF EVE MICHELANGELO

A

Imagery to foreshadow Jesus’s fate with the cross
Tree of life, tree of death that will wither because they will eat apple
Christs’ cross will be made out of the tree of life/death

35
Q

SISTINE CHAPEL CEILING

A

Depictions are taken from the book of genesis

36
Q

THE TEMPEST

A

No specific iconography
Just telling a story with the painting

37
Q

SCHOOL OF ATHENS, RAPHAEL

A

Socrates, Pitagories, the artist himself too!
Artists are intellectual workers too

38
Q

ASSUMPTION OF THE VIRGIN, TITIAN

A

Amazed disciples
Going of the virgin up into heaven

ARTH-102 (3 decks)

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