Exam 2 - Stroke

Question 1

What are treatable risk factors for stroke? (9)

Answer 1

HTN, HLD, heart disease, DM, cigarette smoking, excessive OH, physical inactivity, obesity, carotid bruit

Question 2

What are untreatable risk factors for stroke? (5)

Answer 2

age, sex, race, prior stroke, heredity

Question 3

When is antiplatelet therapy used? (3)

Answer 3

small vessel lacunar, large vessel embolic, large vessel thrombotic

Question 4

When is warfarin used? (1)

Answer 4

cardioembolic

Question 5

What is the MOA of clopidogrel/prasugrel/ticagrelor?

Answer 5

block ADP receptors

Question 6

What is the MOA of aspirin?

Answer 6

inhibits cyclooxygenase and thromboxane

Question 7

What is the MOA of dipyridamole?

Answer 7

increases plasma adenosine, inhibits platelet phosphodiesterase

Question 8

What is the dosing for aspirin?

Answer 8

50-325 mg/d

Question 9

What medications can affect CYP3A4 or CYP2C19?

Answer 9

statins, CCBs, ACE/ARBs, Ambien and Lunesta, glyburide, bladder meds, PPIs

Question 10

Therapeutic time windows for stroke pathophysiology? (3)

Answer 10

< 2 hrs = reversible, 2-6 hrs = incomplete recovery, > 6 hrs = little recovery

Question 11

What is the dose for tPA alteplase?

Answer 11

0.9 mg/kg

Question 12

What is the dose for intraarterial tPA alteplase?

Answer 12

20 mg

Question 13

What is the BP requirement for giving IV-tPA? How can you lower it (meds)?

Answer 13

< 180/110 mmHg; IV labetalol 10-20mg