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SES 490 Exercise Assessment > Exam 2 Slideshow 2 Sept. 30th > Flashcards

Exam 2 Slideshow 2 Sept. 30th Flashcards

1
Q

Common Exercise Test Protocols Treadmill - 4

A
  • Balke and Ware
  • Standard Bruce
  • Modified Bruce
  • Naughton
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2
Q

VO2max =

What happens to the graph when it reaches VO2max =

A

maximal oxegen uptake

Plateau

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3
Q

The Oxygen Transport System factors that affect VO2max are (in order)

A

Pulmonary ventilation, Hemoglobin
concentration, blood volume and cardiac output, Peripheral blood flow, Aerobic metabolism

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4
Q

VO2 Peak is

A

Highest O2 consumption during exercise test regardless of whether a plateau is reached

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5
Q

What is the units of Absolute Vo2?

What does Absolute Vo2 measure?

A

Measure in L/min or ml/min

■ Provide a measure of “energy cost of non-weight-bearing exercises.”

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6
Q

What are the units for Relative Vo2?

What kind of exercises is Relative Vo2 for?

A

Relative to body mass: ml/kg/min

■ Always for weight-bearing exercises

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7
Q

● Net vs. Gross Vo2

A

○ Gross Vo2
■ Rest + Exercise O2 consumption

○ Net Vo2
■ O2 consumption of exercise only

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8
Q

What is the primary criteria needs to be met to attain a Primary Vo2 max?

A

■ Plateau in o2 consumption
■ Vo2 increases ≤ 150 ml/min
■ Verified by bout at submaximal load

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9
Q

What is the Secondary Vo2 max attainment criteria?

A

● HR fails to rise with increasing workload
● RPE> 17 borg 6-20 Scale
● Blood Lactate > 8 mmol/L
● RER> 1.15

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10
Q

Procedures for Exercise Testing

A
  • Timely delivery of protest guidelines
  • Informed consent and screening procedure - Baseline hemodynamic assessment
  • Familiarization with RPE Scale
  • Warm-up
  • Monitor RPE and hemodynamics throughout the test and recovery
  • Monitor client’s physical appearance and symptoms
  • Cool down
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11
Q

Five Reasons to Terminate an Exercise Test

A
  • End protocol
  • Equipment malfunction
  • Client asks to stop
  • Signs or symptoms indicating need to stop
  • Reached predetermined endpoint (submaximal Vo2 test)
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12
Q

Do we need to know these??????

General Indications for Termination

A
  • Onset of angina or angina-like symptoms
  • Drop of BP more than or equal to 10mmHg
  • Excessive rise in BP- Systolic >250 and Diastolic pressure > 115 mmHg
  • Shortness of Breath, wheezing, leg cramps, Claudication
  • Signs of poor perfusion
  • Failure of HR to rise with increased exercise intensity
  • Noticeable change in heart rhythm
  • Client Request to stop
  • Physical or verbal manifestations of severe fatigue
  • Failure of the testing equipment
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13
Q

Naughton Protocols

How does it increase?

A

Increases 3.5% every 2 min

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14
Q

To be able to use eqautions on charts with grade and all that the test must be at

A

Steady state

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15
Q

Cadence is

A

Revolutions per minute

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16
Q

Testing with Cycle Ergometers

Before the Test (In Advance) -

Afterward -

A

In advance -
- Check calibration
- Know cadence & resistance
requirements (especially changes)
- Establish warm-up and cool-down
requirements
- Set proper seat height & handlebars

Afterward -
- Unload any resistance on flywheel

Power = F v = F (d/t) = load (kg) x flywheel “travel” (m/rev) x cadence (rev/min)

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17
Q

Power is the

Units?

A

rate of doing work

Power = Kg m/min

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18
Q

Units for Power for a Cycle Erogmeter is

A

Power = Kg m/min

For Steady State ONLY

19
Q

Bench Stepping Maximal Exercise Tests is the……

and why

A
  • Least desirable modality for
    max exercise testing

This is why:

  • Unequal distribution of work
  • Hard to standardize workload; differences in the following:
    - Step height; Stepping cadence;
    - Body mass; Leg length
20
Q

Concentric Muscle action takes more

A

muscle action than eccentric muscle action

21
Q

Bench Stepping Maximal Exercise Tests

increase intensity with

A
  • Faster stepping cadence
  • Increased step height
22
Q

Submaximal Exercise Test Protocols are used to……..

A

estimate VO2max

HR max determination is important:

HR-based extrapolation to
APHR (Age predicted Heart Rate Max) max and VO 2max

Extrapolate

23
Q

IMPORTANT
Submaximal Exercise Test Protocol Assumptions

A

Assumptions:

  1. Steady-state HR attained and maintained at each stage
  2. Linear relationship: HR and VO2 (between 110 and 150 bpm)
  3. Mechanical efficiency constant for everyone (output/input)
  4. HR max is similar for all of same age

HRmax determination is important because;
HR-based extrapolation to APHRmax and Vo2 max

24
Q

Ask him what they are measuring???

A Note on RPE

Standard (Borg)

OMNI

A

Know what each are measuring and all that
Standard (Borg): Has to do with heart rate
Scales: 6(no exertion)-20(max exertion) & 0-10

OMNI: Walking, Running and Biking
Scale: 0-10, pictures discriptors

25
Q

Treadmill Sub-maximal Exercise Tests Stages - 2

A

1) Multistage Model

2) Single-stage model

26
Q

Treadmill Sub-maximal Exercise Tests First Stage

1) Multistage Model

A
  • Need two stages with HR 115 - 150 bpm determine slope and extrapolate to APHrmax
    Need two consecutive stages.

Determine slope and extrapolate to APHR max

27
Q

Treadmill Sub-maximal Exercise Tests Second Stage

2) Single-stage mode

A

Single-stage model
Need one stage with HR 130 – 150 bpm

Need one stage with steady-state

Nomograms

28
Q

Cycling Sub-maximal Exercise Test for

Multistage Model

and

Single Stage Model

A

Multistage model -

Need two consecutive stages
with steady-state HRs between
110 bpm and 85% APHRmax

Single-stage model -

Need one stage with steady-state
HR between 130 and 150 bpm
Nomograms

29
Q

Exercise Testing for Children

A

Treadmill preferred to bike modified Balke treadmill protocol Mcmaster cycling protocol field tests

30
Q

Exercise Testing for Older Adults

A

Modify protocols
Extend warm-up and cool-down
Extend stage for steady state
Field tests
Self-paced stepping
Timed walking or stepping
Set initial intensity to 2-3 Mets
Reduce treadmill speed
Use 8-12 min for total test time

31
Q

Five basic Elements of an Exercise Prescription

A

When we combined the middle three we come up with VOLUME

Mode
Intensity
Frequency
Duration
Progression

32
Q

Parts of Cardiorespiratory Workout - Warm up

A
  • 5-10 min
  • Low to moderate intensity
  • Increase blood flow
  • Increase core temperature
  • Decrease likelihood of Injury
  • Reduce chance of cardiac arrhythmias
33
Q

Parts of Cardiorespiratory Workout - Endurance Conditioning

Follow FITT-VP Principles

A

Difference between Max and Rest

F = Frequency
I = Intensity
T= Time
T= Type
V = Volume
P = Progression

20 - 60 min per session
- Depends on session
Minimum single bout duration= 10 min continuous
Accumulate 30 min MIPA per day 20 min VIPA per day

34
Q

Parts of Cardiorespiratory Workout - Cool Down

A
  • Immediatley follows endurance conditioning
  • Low intensity exertion

5-10 min

  • HR and BP return to near pre - exercise levels
  • Maintains venous return to heart
    • Prevents blood pooling
      - Counters post - exercise dizziness and fainting
35
Q

Parts of Cardiorespiratory Workout - Stretching

A
  • 5-10 min
  • Target Major muscle groups
  • May reduce soreness and cramping
36
Q

Parts of Cardiorespiratory Workout Components -

A

Warm - up
Endurance Conditioning
Cool - Down
Stretching

37
Q

For Health and Fitness - Frequnecy

A

5 days/wk MIPA, 3 days/wk VIPA, or
combination thereof

38
Q

For Health and Fitness - Intensity

A
  • MIPA (3-6 MET; 40% to < 60% VO 2 R),
    VIPA (>6 MET; 60% to < 89% VO 2 R), or
    combination thereof
  • %HRR may be used instead of %VO2 R
39
Q

For Health and Fitness - Time (Duration)

A
  • ≥150 min/wk MIPA, 20-60 min/wk VIPA,
    or combination thereof
40
Q

For Health and Fitness - Type (Mode)

A
  • Aerobic, large muscle groups
  • Rhythmic action
  • Little skill required
41
Q

For Health and Fitness - Progression and Volume

A

Progression
* Increase per client ability to adapt

Volume
* 500-1,000 MET∙min∙wk–1

42
Q

Setting Initial Exercise Intensity

A

To Improve CRF: 55% of reserve to 80% VO2R or HRR

MOREEEEEEE

43
Q

KNOW WELL

Progression Exercise Overview (Steps)

A

Need to challenge the body to keep adapting

1) Initial conditioning (1-6 weeks)
Start MIPA at 3 days/wk, 20 min going to 30 min

VERY IMPORTANT
Goal: 55%-60%HRR for 30 continuous min

2) Improvement (4-6 months)
Frequency, Intensity, Duration adjusted independently

Goal: Sustain MVPA 20 to 60 min per session

3) Maintenance

Goal: maintain fitness level and weekly volume

SES 490 Exercise Assessment (9 decks)

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