exam 2 review questions Flashcards
why do you need to know about databases?
they are everywhere,
we access dozens, if not hundreds, everyday
what is a database?
a set of logically related data stored in a shared repository
what is a database management system (DBMS)?
a program that creates, processes, and administers databases
how do database applications make databases more useful?
forms, reporting, queries, and application programs
what are the basic types of processes?
workgroup, enterprise, and inter-enterprise
how can information systems improve process quality?
- performing an activity (partially or completely automated)
- augmenting human performing activity
- controlling data quality (ensure data is complete and correct)
how do information systems eliminate the problems of information silos?
- integrate data into a single database
- revise application and data processes to eliminate duplicate data
what are the challenges of implementing and upgrading enterprise information systems?
- collaborative management
- identify requirement gaps
- transition problems
- employee resistance
- new technology
how do CRM, ERP, and EAI support enterprise processes?
they help organizations fundamentally rethink how they work to dramatically improve customer service, cut operational costs, and become world-class competitors
what is systems development?
the process of creating and maintaining information systems
why is systems development difficult and risky?
many projects never finish, often over budget, some don’t accomplish goals, and there is a high risk of failure even w/ competent people following the appropriate methodology
what are the five phases of the S D L C?
- system definition
- requirement analysis
- component design
- implementation
- system maintenance
how is systems definition accomplished?
by defining the system goals and scope, assessing feasibility, forming a project team, and planning the project
what is the users’ role in the requirements phase?
interviews
how are the five components designed?
how is an information system implemented?
pilot, phased, parallel, or plunge
what are the tasks for system maintenance?
record requests for change (failures, enhancements), prioritize requests, & fix failures (patches, service packs, new releases)
what are some of the problems with S D L C?
SDLC Waterfall Method
requirements documentation difficult
scheduling and budgeting difficulties
what is the goal of info. systems security?
find appropriate trade-off between risk of loss and cost of implementing safeguards
how big is the computer security problem?
the average computer crime costs increases every year
how should you respond to security threats?
create strong/multiple passwords, send no valuable data via email or IM, demonstrate security concern, etc.
how can technical safeguards protect against security threats?
identification & authentication
encryption
firewalls
malware protection
design for secure applications
how can data safeguards protect against security threats?
define data policies
data rights & responsibilities
rights enforced by user accounts authenticated by passwords
data encryption
backup & recovery procedures
physical security
how can human safeguards protect against security threats?
account administration,
safeguard for employees and nonemployees
how should orgs. respond to security incidents?
speed, preparation pays, don’t make problem worse
