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information systems > exam 1 > Flashcards

exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Moore’s Law

A

computers are getting faster &
price/performance ratio and cost decreasing giving nearly unlimited, cheap storage

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2
Q

Metcalfe’s Law

A

digital devices are very connected

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3
Q

Nielson’s Law

A

network speed increasing

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4
Q

Kryder’s Law

A

storage capacity increasing

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5
Q

Bell’s Law

A

a new class of computers establishes a new industry every decade

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6
Q

MIS

A

management and use of information systems that help organizations achieve their strategy

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7
Q

goals of MIS

A

to develop, maintain, and adapt
take an active role in systems’ development
employ the system to accomplish job tasks

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8
Q

information systems (IS)

A

drives development of new information systems, plus procedures and people

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9
Q

5 components of IS

A

hardware, software, data, procedures, people

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10
Q

information tech (IT)

A

drives development of new IS

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11
Q

components of IT

A

hardware, software, data

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12
Q

human side of IS

A

procedures and people

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13
Q

computer side of IS

A

hardware and software

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14
Q

information

A

knowledge derived from data

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15
Q

5 characteristics of information

A

accurate, timely, relevant, just barely sufficient, worth its cost

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16
Q

describe the “accurate” characteristic of information

A

complete, correct, crucial for management

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17
Q

describe the “timely” characteristic of information

A

produced in time for intended use

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18
Q

describe the “relevant” characteristic of information

A

context, subject

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19
Q

describe the “just barely sufficient” characteristic of information

A

for purpose which generated

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20
Q

describe the “worth its cost” characteristic of information

A

relationship between cost and value

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21
Q

5 forces to determine industry structure

A
  1. competition from vendors who manufacture substitutes
  2. competition from new competitors
  3. competition from existing rivals
  4. bargaining power of customers
  5. bargaining power of suppliers
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22
Q

competitive strategy

A

organizations’ response to the structure of industry

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23
Q

industry-wide cost

A

lowest cost across the industry

24
Q

industry-wide differentiation

A

better product/service across the industry

25
Q

focus cost

A

lowest cost within an industry segment

26
Q

focus differentiation

A

better product/service within an industry segment

27
Q

value chain

A

network of value-creating activites

28
Q

value

A

amount customers will pay

29
Q

primary activities of value chain

A

inbound logistics, operations/manufacturing, outbound logistics, customer service, sales and marketing

30
Q

supporting activities of value chain

A

firm infrastructure, technology, human resources, procurement

31
Q

business process

A

network of activities that generate value by transforming inputs into outputs

32
Q

how does the business process support strategy?

A

by keeping a competitive advantage

33
Q

product implementations

A

creating, enhancing, and differentiating products/services

34
Q

process implementations

A

lock in customers/suppliers/buyers, reduce costs, establish alliances, raise barriers to market entry

35
Q

business intelligence (BI)

A

information systems that process data to identify patterns, relationships, and trends

36
Q

how do organizations use BI?

A

identifies changes in purchasing patterns, entertainment

37
Q

3 primary BI activties

A

acquire data, perform analysis (reporting, big data, data mining), publish results

38
Q

data warehouse

A

applies to the entire organization, complex & difficult to manage, more useful in decision-making

39
Q

data mart

A

limited for departmental use, created to address a specific problem/opportunity/business function

40
Q

what is a problem with operational data?

A

raw data can be unsuitable for sophisticated reporting or data mining

41
Q

two types of data mining

A

supervised and unsupervised

42
Q

supervised data mining

A

model is developed before analysis and statistical techniques are applied to estimate model parameters (prediction, linear regression)

43
Q

unsupervised data mining

A

analysts don’t create a model/hypothesis before running an analysis (cluster analysis)

44
Q

4 v’s of big data

A

volume, velocity, veracity, variety

45
Q

volume

A

petabyte or larger

46
Q

velocity

A

generated rapidly

47
Q

veracity

A

trustworthiness of data

48
Q

variety

A

structure but available in many forms

49
Q

two alternative for publishing BI

A

static and dynamic

50
Q

static publishing

A

fixed at time of creation and doesn’t change

51
Q

dynamic publishing

A

updated at time of request, requires BI application to access a database

52
Q

BI server

A

web server specifically for publishing BI

53
Q

two functions of a BI server

A

management and delivery

54
Q

management of a BI server

A

maintains metadata and adjusts allocations

55
Q

delivery of a BI server

A

to any device, push (delivered based on a schedule) and pull (user requests BI results)

information systems (4 decks)

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