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New Testament > Exam 2 Review Guide > Flashcards

Exam 2 Review Guide Flashcards

1
Q

What is the genre of the Gospels?

A

i. In antiquity – “a great announcement or proclamation”
ii. Early church – content of Christian preaching, “good news”
iii. Ancient biography (“bioi”) – an account of a great person’s life
1. Show qualities
2. Encourage others to intimidate them

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2
Q

How would you describe the gospels?

A
  • The Gospels describe the life of Jesus in four different perspectives
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3
Q

What are the gospels?

A
  • Matthew
  • Mark
  • Luke
  • John
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4
Q

What are the purposes of the gospels?

A
  • To share the story of Jesus’ life
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5
Q

What is an apocryphal gospel?

A
  • Tells the story of the life of Jesus, his family, and his disciples
  • Any non-canonical work that relates to the life of Jesus
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6
Q

Examples of apocryphal gospels

A
  • Gospel of Andrew

- Gospel of Barnabus

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7
Q

What are the Synoptic Gospels?

A
  • Matthew
  • Mark
  • Luke
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8
Q

What does “Synoptic” mean?

A
  • Containing much of the same material

- Synopsis

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9
Q

What percentage of John is not found in the synoptics?

A
  • 90%

- Technically more, but a good percentage to work with

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10
Q

What is meant by Markan Priority?

A

i. Mark is considered to be the oldest Gospel
ii. Matthew and Luke are based off of Mark (supposedly)
1. They used it as a source

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11
Q

What is “Q”?

A

i. Explaining the stories that appear in Matthew and Luke but not Mark
ii. Quell; a German word  early scholars
iii. Source material  not found in Mark

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12
Q

What is the “Four Source Hypothesis”?

A

i. A way to explain the writing of the synoptics

ii. Four separate sources that the authors drew on

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13
Q

What are the four sources and how would you diagram them as they are related to the Gospels of Matthew and Luke?

A

i. Mark
ii. Q
iii. M  Matthew’s source that no one else is using
iv. L  Luke’s source that no one else is using

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14
Q

What is a parable?

A

i. Short stories about everyday life that had a deeper moral or spiritual significance

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15
Q

How do we read parables?

A

i. You cannot say that everything in a parable symbolizes something else
ii. Parables do not have one specific meaning
iii. Understand who the original audience was

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16
Q

Know the various major periods of Jesus’ life

A

i. Birth and Early Years
1. Matthew and Luke
ii. Baptism and Temptation
iii. Beginning of the Galilee Ministry
1. Healings, Exorcisms
iv. Growing Popularity
1. Religious leaders, claims to authority
2. As popularity grows, conflict grows
v. Growing Opposition
vi. Setting His Face Towards Jerusalem
vii. Arrest, Trial, and Crucifixion
viii. Burial and Resurrection

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17
Q

Who were the authors of the Gospels?

A
  • Matthew
  • Mark
  • Luke
  • John
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18
Q

What are some facts about the authors of the Gospels?

A

i. Matthew – a tax collector who became a disciple of Jesus

ii. John Mark – not one of the twelve; connected to Peter and Paul

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19
Q

What is the connection between Peter and the Gospel According to Mark?

A

i. Author: John Mark
1. Not one of the 12 disciples
2. The Mark in Acts being connected to Peter, Paul, and Barnabus
3. Reporting the experiences of Peter being with Jesus
4. Peter’s sermons about Jesus

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20
Q

What does external evidence and internal evidence mean as it relates to the Gospel and Acts?

A

i. Internal Evidence
1. In the book itself
2. Genealogy, connection to Moses
a. Connection to others and the OT
ii. External Evidence
1. Any information we get from the source outside from the book itself

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21
Q

What can we learn from the different books just from reading them?

A
  • We can learn a different perspective of Jesus’ life and see how he related to the people and saved them from their sins
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22
Q

What are the themes of each Gospel?

A
  • Matthew - proving that Jesus Christ is the Messiah
  • Mark - Son of God, Son of Man, Jesus Christ is Lord; Jesus’ ministry
  • Luke - relation to the Old Testament
  • John - believe and follow Jesus; he will bring eternal life
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23
Q

What are the distinctive of each Gospel?

A
  • Matthew - emphasizes Jewish tradition
  • Mark - secrecy
  • Luke - begins with a prologue
  • John - testimonies
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24
Q

Jesus’ teachings had the most in common with the teachings of which group?

A
  • The Pharisees
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25
Q

Across all four Gospels, what topic did Jesus teach on the most?

A
  • The Kingdom of God and the Kingdom of Heaven
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26
Q

What did Jesus call himself the most?

A
  • The Son of Man
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27
Q

What was the significance of Jesus calling himself that?

A

i. A strong sense of discipleship
ii. We are called to suffer as Jesus did
iii. Take part in the glory

28
Q

How does Matthew portray Jesus?

A

i. As the Messiah, the Jewish Messiah who is fulfilling the Old Testament Law and Prophecies

29
Q

What does “fulfillment” mean in the Gospel of Matthew?

A
  • He fulfilled the OT prophecy
30
Q

What are some of the ways that Matthew’s Gospel presents Jesus as the new Moses?

A

i. Killing of baby (Hebrew) boys at their birth
ii. Fleeing to Egypt
iii. Emphasis on the Law  preaching and teaching
iv. Going up the mountain and teaching
v. The structure of Matthew
1. Birth Narrative  Passion
2. 5 discourses in between  long speeches
a. 5 is connected to the Pentateuch

31
Q

What evidence is there in Matthew’s genealogy and in other places, that although Matthew is a very “Jewish” gospel, he still wants us to understand that Jesus came to redeem the Gentiles as well?

A

-

32
Q

How does Mark portray Jesus?

A

i. The son of man who represents the suffering figure who dies to bring salvation to the world

33
Q

What is the “messianic secret”?

A
  • The idea that Jesus did not want people to know that he was the Messiah
34
Q

Why does Jesus speak in parables in the Gospel of Mark?

A
  • Earthly story with a heavenly meaning
35
Q

How does Luke portray Jesus?

A

i. A universal view of Jesus

ii. A sense of Jesus coming to all nations and ethnicities

36
Q

What does the Lukan Prologue tell us about Luke’s methods in writing his gospel?

A

-

37
Q

What does the Lukan Prologue tell us about the Gospels in general?

A

-

38
Q

Who was Theophilus?

A

i. We do not know
ii. Two theories
1. Luke’s patron – the person who Luke worked for; commissioned Luke to research information about Jesus to deal with the reliability of what they’ve heard
2. Break it down into Greek: “Theo” = God; “Philus” = Love/ “Lover of God”; could be a symbol for all of the Christians of the world

39
Q

Be able to discuss the ways in which Luke’s Gospel focuses on women

A

-

40
Q

Be able to list and explain the situation of two or three women in the Gospel of Luke.

A

-

41
Q

Be able to discuss the ways in which John presents Jesus as speaking to His listeners on a “spiritual” level, but they hear and understand Him on a “physical” level.

A

i. Dualism: two contrasting worldviews
1. Light/Darkness
2. Love/Hate
3. Above/Below
4. Spiritual/Earthly
5. Truth/Falsehood
ii. Misunderstanding
iii. People confused; talking about something spiritual but people interpreting it from an earthly mindset

42
Q

What are some of the ways that John’s Gospel differs from the Synoptic Gospels?

A

i. No Baptism, Transfiguration, Exorcisms, no parables
ii. Many miracles that are not in the Synoptics
1. Turning water into wine
2. Raising Lazarus from the dead
3. Washing the feet of the disciples
iii. Synoptics focus on Jesus going to Jerusalem for the last time; John shows the multiple festivals that he went to
iv. Timeline of Jesus’ ministry was based on the accounts from John

43
Q

How has the Gospel of John been divided and why?

A

i. The Book of Signs
1. 7 Signs  significant number
2. Called this because it shows the signs of the Messiah
3. Point to Jesus’ identity
4. Show that he is who he says he is
5. Showed his glory and the glory of the Father
6. Goal was to provoke faith
ii. The Book of Glory
1. Jesus’ glory is completely revealed
2. Moves towards the cross
3. Full glory is revealed in his death and resurrection

44
Q

What are the “I am” statements?

A

i. 7 statements
1. Vine
2. Good Shepard
3. Resurrection and the Life
4. Bread of Life
5. Light of the World
6. Door of the Sheep
7. Way, truth, and life
ii. Uses objects that people can relate to
iii. Brings it back to Exodus 3 (God reveals himself to Moses in the burning bush)
iv. Puts Jesus on the level with God

45
Q

Overall portrayal in John

A
  • The son reveals the father
46
Q

Who wrote Acts?

A
  • Luke
47
Q

Why has Acts been called “The Acts of the Holy Spirit” or the “The Acts of Peter and Paul” or “Some Acts of Some Apostles”?

A

i. Is it the acts of the Apostles or the Holy Spirit

ii. The Holy Spirit works throgh everyone

48
Q

Why have these titles been suggested?

A
  • Opinion
49
Q

Augustus

A

i. Caesar Augustus

ii. The Roman Emperor when Jesus was born

50
Q

Herod the Great

A

i. The king of Judea when Jesus was born

ii. Massacre of the babies

51
Q

Tiberius

A

i. The Roman emperor during Jesus’ ministry

52
Q

John the Baptist

A

i. Prepares the way of the Lord in the Scriptures

53
Q

Herod Antipas

A

i. The King of Judea when Jesus was doing his ministry

ii. Kills John the Baptist

54
Q

Pontius Pilate

A

i. The man who called for the death of Jesus through crucifixion

55
Q

Peter

A
  • First portion of Acts

- In Jerusalem

56
Q

Paul

A
  • Second portion of Acts

- Missionary journeys

57
Q

Barnabus and Silas

A
  • Travel companions of Paul
58
Q

According to Peter in Acts 2, the coming of the Spirit on the Day of Pentecost fulfills the prophecy of what OT prophet?

A
  • Joel
59
Q

How does the Book of Acts demonstrate its “outline” in Acts 1:8, “Jerusalem, Judea, Samaria, the Ends of the Earth”?

A

-

60
Q

In what two cities does Acts begin and end, and why is this significant?

A
  • Jerusalem and Rome
61
Q

According to Acts, on how many missionary journeys did Paul embark?

A
  • Four
62
Q

What happened at the Jerusalem Council in Acts 15?

A
  • Gentiles did not have to observe the Mosaic laws of the Jews
63
Q

Who were the two major apostles in the Book of Acts?

A
  • Peter and Paul
64
Q

Paraclete

A
  • The Holy Spirit will continue to work in people even after Jesus is gone
65
Q

Realized Eschatology

A
  • We have a relationship and access to God

- Focus on the present and the now

66
Q

The World (according to John)

A
  • The realm controlled by Satan

- They are actively opposed to Jesus

New Testament (3 decks)

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