Exam 2 Review Flashcards
Describe acrocyanosis.
Bluish discoloration of hands and feet; expected delayed vasodilation
What is the treatment for mastitis?
Continue to breastfeed, take antibiotics, wear a supportive bra.
What causes after pains?
Decreased tightness of abdominal muscles.
What is caput succedaneum?
Localized soft tissue edema, crosses the suture line.
What do you do to a boggy fundas?
Massage it.
When is the APGAR performed?
1 minute after birth
5 minutes after birth
What is a primary sign of a baby going through withdrawals?
Hyperreflexia
What is one of the first signs of postpartum hemorrhage?
Increased heart rate
What medications are given to treat mastitis?
antipyretics and antibiotics
T/F: Rh isoimmunization suppresses the immune system.
True!
What are the hormone methods for contraception?
Oral contraceptives
Transdermal contraceptive patch
Vaginal contraceptive ring
Injectable hormonal contraception
Why are respiratory problems more commen in premature babies?
Surfactant is lacking.
What do you do when the fundas is soft and boggy?
Stay will mom and encourage her to void, then massage.
What intervention should you do when a mother is complaining of pain in her leg.
Put her on bed rest!
What is normal heart rate for baby?
110-160 beats per minute.
What is a sign of a clavicle that is not intact?
decreased use of one arm and showing signs of pain
What wounds are assessed after birth?
C section wound or episiotomy wound.
What do you need to teach mom about when she has UTIs?
Wipe front to back
What can baby’s urine look like within first 24 hours?
It may have a brick dusty color to it.
What is atony?
a simple lack of uterin muscle tone.
What will decrease for a type 1 diabetic mother after she gives birth?
She will need less insulin
Describe kangaroo care.
Skin to skin contact (mom and baby, dad and baby)
What are signs and symptoms of mastitis?
Chills Malaise Headache Breast tenderness Localized areas of inflammation or redness
When are heart murmers most common?
During the first few hours after birth
How is post partum depression marked?
Sadness
Frequent crying
Feelings of inadequacy as a person or a parent
Lack of interest in normal activity
Where do you check for signs of jaundice?
Forehead, sternum, and blanching on nose.
What are the signs of post partum infection?
Increase of lochia 1 day post partum
Lochia with foul odor
Temperature 100.4 withink 24 hours after delivery
Describe a normal fundas.
Firm and mid-line. It should be at the umbilicus right after giving birth.
What does the baby’s skin look like its in utero for longer than 42 weeks?
Cracked, peeling, scratch marks, wrinkles
Why can you not prop the bottle when feeding a baby?
Risk of aspiration of fluid going into eustacian tubes.
What other medication type should be given to a mother who gets the RH isoimmunization?
Birth control and she should be on it for at least one year.
How common is post partum blues?
Very! About 70-80 % mothers get post partum blues.
What test is done to assess whether or not the baby is tolerating the transition to extrauterine life?
APGAR
Where do you give a Vit K injection on baby?
On their lateral heel
When does the anterior fontanel close up?
12-18 months
What are the medications used for treatment of postpartum hemorrhage?
Oxytocin
Misoprostol
Methergine
15 Methylprostaglandin
What should you do if the fundas is not midline?
Ask mom to empty her bladder. If she cannot empty her bladder, cath her.
When do you hold Methergine?
When mom’s BP is greater than 140/90 (or she is pre-eclamptic)
How often does a mother need to ambulate after giving birth?
Every 6 hours.
When does the heart rate of an infant need to be reevaluated?
When it is greater than 170 or less than 80 beats per minute
What are kegel exercises done for?
To strengthen and tighten the muscles back up. Also, to help prevent prolapse.
What are the barrier methods for contraception?
Diaphragm
Cervical cap
Condoms
Spermicides
T/F: You should never exceed 8 peripads per day or 1 every hour.
True.
Describe serosa lochia.
Brownish-pink
Describe how you would know if you had a laceration?
If there is a steady flow of bright red, unclotted blood and the fundas of the uterus is still firm.
When do after pains typically occur?
After the second child and during breast feeding.
T/F: Mom needs to stop breastfeeding when she has mastitis.
False. She can continue to breastfeed.
Why do you give a Vit K injection?
to activate the liver’s coagulation factors.
Why is a boggy fundas concerning?
Because that means the uterus is not contracting.
What can be given to baby to help their lungs mature if they are being delivered prior to 32 weeks.
Steroids.
What two medications require the use of birth control after being received?
Rubella vaccine
Rhogam
How do you assess the mother for pooling?
By checking underneath the pad and turning mom on her side.
Describe stools of formula fed infants.
Pale to light brown, more firm and more offensive odor.
What is baby’s first stool like?
Meconium – dark brown/ black
What is normal range for respirations for baby?
30-60 breaths per minute
How often are vital signs performed on a newborn?
Every 30 minutes after birth.
What is the cause of late postpartum hemorrhage?
Retained placental tissue.
What supplement will baby need if it is formula fed?
Iron supplement.
What do you assess for circumcision?
Bleeding and voiding.
Describe alba lochia.
Whitish.
What are signs of prematurity?
Position Skin Lanugo Slow recoil of pinna Few sole creases Transparent skin
What are signs of respiratory distress?
Grunting, nasal flaring, restractions.
What screenings are performed on infant before they go home?
Hearing, eye, mandated newborn requirements per state, and guthrie test.
T/F: Babies shiver when they are cold.
False, babies do not shiver.
When are respiratory problems most common?
In premature babies
What is the size of the fundas following birth?
A grapefruit.
What are the risk factors of hyperbilirubenenemia?
blood groups that are incompatible with +DAT and other known hemolytic disease.
Exclusive breast feeding if baby is a poor feeding ( not enough fluid)
Cephalohematoma or significant bruising
What does a baby’s cry that is a high pitched shrill cry signal?
Its a drug baby.
What will happen to the WBC after delivery?
It will go up, not a sign of infection just the body compensating for what it just went through.
Describe the anterior fontanel.
Diamond shape
When is 15 Methylprostaglandin contraindicated?
In patients with asthma.
T/F: It is best to feed baby on both sides during each feeding
True
How often do you feed baby is they are formula fed?
Every 2-3 hours
What other disorder is at risk when a baby has a ceohalohematoma?
Jaundice.
What happens to hemaglobin after delivery?
It goes back to normal, around 10-11.
Which breastfeeding position is best after a c section?
The side lying position
How often are vitals taken post partum?
Every 15 minutes for the first hour and then every 30 minutes for the next two hours.
How much weight does a new baby lose in the first week of life?
About 10%
What does a mother need to do before you start a fundal assessment?
Completely empty her bladder.
When is a PKU heel stick done?
24 hours after birth, after baby has had formula
What needs to be done first when a mother is excessively bleeding after giving birth?
Place her in trendelenburg position and then notify health care provider.
How do you assess wounds?
REEDA
Describe the posterior fontanel
Triangle shape
What is normal blood pressure for baby?
80-90 systolic
40-50 diastolic
When is the RH isoimmunization received?
72 hours after giving birth.
What causes jaundice?
Large amount of bruising at time of delivery, resolving cephalohematoma, infection, dehydration, sepsis.
How do you treat perineum pain?
Ice for first 24 hours
Sitz bath with warm water after first 24 hours.
What kind of bacteria causes mastitis?
Staph
What is normal blood glucose level for baby?
50-60
What is hyperbilirubenenemia?
A high concentration of circulating red blood cells that cannot be metabolized by their liver.
How do you treat milia?
You do nothing! It will go away on it own. Do not pop them! Leave them alone.
Describe rubra lochia.
Bright red.
Describes stools of breastfed infants.
Yellow and loose, a seedy consistency.
What level do you get concerned when bilirubin reaches.
15
When is the Guthrie test given?
24 hours after digestion of formula/protein.
Describe lanugo.
Fine downy hair-most abundant at 28-32 weeks and it decreases with fetal maturity.
When baby circumcision site is bleeding, what is nurse priority?
Apply pressure with sterile gauze and healthcare provider.
What is von willibrand’s disease?
When you body does not clot.
What will happen to platelets after delivery?
They will go back down to normal.
What kind of bra does mom need to wear after giving birth?
A snug fitting supportive bra.
What is used for pain management for circumcision?
Ring block–nerve block
EMLA–topical cream
Sugar water (sucrose)
What is the purpose of surfactant?
It makes the alveoli open and close which allows the exchange of CO2 and O2.
What is the first assessment done after baby is born?
The APGAR
What is the most important action after birth for baby?
To have spontaneous respirations.
What is the treatment for hyperbilirubenenemia?
Phototherapy.
How often do you check the circumcision site?
Every 15 minutes fir the first hour and then hourly for the next 4-6 hours.
What does a cephalohematoma feel like?
Boggy and edematous.
What can happen is platelets do not go back to normal after delivery?
The mother can throw a clot.
When do you burp a baby?
Before and after feedings.
How often do you feed baby if they are breastfed?
Every 1 1/2 - 2 hours.
What are signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia in baby?
Jitteriness, tremors, irregular respirations, hypothermia.
What is a cephalohematoma?
A collection of blood under periosteum.
Why are babies that are cold stressed warmed slowly?
To prevent apnea!
How do you stabilize the uterus before beginning a fundal assessment?
Place a hand just above the symphysis pubis.
What is normal temperature for for baby?
97.7-99 F
What interventertions need to be taken when a baby is on phototherapy?
Cover Eyes Change positions ever 2 hours Increase fluids Assess stool Check temperature every 2 hours.
What causes caput succedaneum?
Pressure in head during labor and delivery.
What does the APGAR assess?
Heart rate Respiratory rate Muscle tone Response to stimulation Skin color
What can a mom who is not breastfeeding do for breast engorgement?
Use ice packs
Wear a snug bra or breast binder
No stimulation of breasts
Turn back in showers
Why are stool softeners given to moms who have had an episiotomy?
So pressure from having a bowel movement does not tear the episiotomy even more.
What nursing interventions are needed for a mom who just delivered and have an elevated temperature (100.3) ?
Increase fluids and encourage hydration.
Describe milia.
Whiteheads on the infants face, especially around the nose.
What color is do you want the stool to be of a baby who is on phototherapy?
Green!
