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Mom, baby and pediatrics > Exam 2 Review > Flashcards

Exam 2 Review Flashcards

1
Q

Describe acrocyanosis.

A

Bluish discoloration of hands and feet; expected delayed vasodilation

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2
Q

What is the treatment for mastitis?

A

Continue to breastfeed, take antibiotics, wear a supportive bra.

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3
Q

What causes after pains?

A

Decreased tightness of abdominal muscles.

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4
Q

What is caput succedaneum?

A

Localized soft tissue edema, crosses the suture line.

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5
Q

What do you do to a boggy fundas?

A

Massage it.

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6
Q

When is the APGAR performed?

A

1 minute after birth

5 minutes after birth

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7
Q

What is a primary sign of a baby going through withdrawals?

A

Hyperreflexia

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8
Q

What is one of the first signs of postpartum hemorrhage?

A

Increased heart rate

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9
Q

What medications are given to treat mastitis?

A

antipyretics and antibiotics

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10
Q

T/F: Rh isoimmunization suppresses the immune system.

A

True!

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11
Q

What are the hormone methods for contraception?

A

Oral contraceptives
Transdermal contraceptive patch
Vaginal contraceptive ring
Injectable hormonal contraception

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12
Q

Why are respiratory problems more commen in premature babies?

A

Surfactant is lacking.

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13
Q

What do you do when the fundas is soft and boggy?

A

Stay will mom and encourage her to void, then massage.

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14
Q

What intervention should you do when a mother is complaining of pain in her leg.

A

Put her on bed rest!

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15
Q

What is normal heart rate for baby?

A

110-160 beats per minute.

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16
Q

What is a sign of a clavicle that is not intact?

A

decreased use of one arm and showing signs of pain

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17
Q

What wounds are assessed after birth?

A

C section wound or episiotomy wound.

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18
Q

What do you need to teach mom about when she has UTIs?

A

Wipe front to back

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19
Q

What can baby’s urine look like within first 24 hours?

A

It may have a brick dusty color to it.

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20
Q

What is atony?

A

a simple lack of uterin muscle tone.

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21
Q

What will decrease for a type 1 diabetic mother after she gives birth?

A

She will need less insulin

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22
Q

Describe kangaroo care.

A

Skin to skin contact (mom and baby, dad and baby)

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23
Q

What are signs and symptoms of mastitis?

A 
Chills
Malaise
Headache
Breast tenderness
Localized areas of inflammation or redness
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24
Q

When are heart murmers most common?

A

During the first few hours after birth

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25
Q

How is post partum depression marked?

A

Sadness
Frequent crying
Feelings of inadequacy as a person or a parent
Lack of interest in normal activity

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26
Q

Where do you check for signs of jaundice?

A

Forehead, sternum, and blanching on nose.

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27
Q

What are the signs of post partum infection?

A

Increase of lochia 1 day post partum
Lochia with foul odor
Temperature 100.4 withink 24 hours after delivery

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28
Q

Describe a normal fundas.

A

Firm and mid-line. It should be at the umbilicus right after giving birth.

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29
Q

What does the baby’s skin look like its in utero for longer than 42 weeks?

A

Cracked, peeling, scratch marks, wrinkles

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30
Q

Why can you not prop the bottle when feeding a baby?

A

Risk of aspiration of fluid going into eustacian tubes.

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31
Q

What other medication type should be given to a mother who gets the RH isoimmunization?

A

Birth control and she should be on it for at least one year.

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32
Q

How common is post partum blues?

A

Very! About 70-80 % mothers get post partum blues.

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33
Q

What test is done to assess whether or not the baby is tolerating the transition to extrauterine life?

A

APGAR

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34
Q

Where do you give a Vit K injection on baby?

A

On their lateral heel

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35
Q

When does the anterior fontanel close up?

A

12-18 months

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36
Q

What are the medications used for treatment of postpartum hemorrhage?

A

Oxytocin
Misoprostol
Methergine
15 Methylprostaglandin

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37
Q

What should you do if the fundas is not midline?

A

Ask mom to empty her bladder. If she cannot empty her bladder, cath her.

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38
Q

When do you hold Methergine?

A

When mom’s BP is greater than 140/90 (or she is pre-eclamptic)

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39
Q

How often does a mother need to ambulate after giving birth?

A

Every 6 hours.

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40
Q

When does the heart rate of an infant need to be reevaluated?

A

When it is greater than 170 or less than 80 beats per minute

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41
Q

What are kegel exercises done for?

A

To strengthen and tighten the muscles back up. Also, to help prevent prolapse.

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42
Q

What are the barrier methods for contraception?

A

Diaphragm
Cervical cap
Condoms
Spermicides

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43
Q

T/F: You should never exceed 8 peripads per day or 1 every hour.

A

True.

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44
Q

Describe serosa lochia.

A

Brownish-pink

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45
Q

Describe how you would know if you had a laceration?

A

If there is a steady flow of bright red, unclotted blood and the fundas of the uterus is still firm.

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46
Q

When do after pains typically occur?

A

After the second child and during breast feeding.

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47
Q

T/F: Mom needs to stop breastfeeding when she has mastitis.

A

False. She can continue to breastfeed.

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48
Q

Why do you give a Vit K injection?

A

to activate the liver’s coagulation factors.

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49
Q

Why is a boggy fundas concerning?

A

Because that means the uterus is not contracting.

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50
Q

What can be given to baby to help their lungs mature if they are being delivered prior to 32 weeks.

A

Steroids.

51
Q

What two medications require the use of birth control after being received?

A

Rubella vaccine

Rhogam

52
Q

How do you assess the mother for pooling?

A

By checking underneath the pad and turning mom on her side.

53
Q

Describe stools of formula fed infants.

A

Pale to light brown, more firm and more offensive odor.

54
Q

What is baby’s first stool like?

A

Meconium – dark brown/ black

55
Q

What is normal range for respirations for baby?

A

30-60 breaths per minute

56
Q

How often are vital signs performed on a newborn?

A

Every 30 minutes after birth.

57
Q

What is the cause of late postpartum hemorrhage?

A

Retained placental tissue.

58
Q

What supplement will baby need if it is formula fed?

A

Iron supplement.

59
Q

What do you assess for circumcision?

A

Bleeding and voiding.

60
Q

Describe alba lochia.

A

Whitish.

61
Q

What are signs of prematurity?

A 
Position
Skin
Lanugo
Slow recoil of pinna
Few sole creases
Transparent skin
62
Q

What are signs of respiratory distress?

A

Grunting, nasal flaring, restractions.

63
Q

What screenings are performed on infant before they go home?

A

Hearing, eye, mandated newborn requirements per state, and guthrie test.

64
Q

T/F: Babies shiver when they are cold.

A

False, babies do not shiver.

65
Q

When are respiratory problems most common?

A

In premature babies

66
Q

What is the size of the fundas following birth?

A

A grapefruit.

67
Q

What are the risk factors of hyperbilirubenenemia?

A

blood groups that are incompatible with +DAT and other known hemolytic disease.
Exclusive breast feeding if baby is a poor feeding ( not enough fluid)
Cephalohematoma or significant bruising

68
Q

What does a baby’s cry that is a high pitched shrill cry signal?

A

Its a drug baby.

69
Q

What will happen to the WBC after delivery?

A

It will go up, not a sign of infection just the body compensating for what it just went through.

70
Q

Describe the anterior fontanel.

A

Diamond shape

71
Q

When is 15 Methylprostaglandin contraindicated?

A

In patients with asthma.

72
Q

T/F: It is best to feed baby on both sides during each feeding

A

True

73
Q

How often do you feed baby is they are formula fed?

A

Every 2-3 hours

74
Q

What other disorder is at risk when a baby has a ceohalohematoma?

A

Jaundice.

75
Q

What happens to hemaglobin after delivery?

A

It goes back to normal, around 10-11.

76
Q

Which breastfeeding position is best after a c section?

A

The side lying position

77
Q

How often are vitals taken post partum?

A

Every 15 minutes for the first hour and then every 30 minutes for the next two hours.

78
Q

How much weight does a new baby lose in the first week of life?

A

About 10%

79
Q

What does a mother need to do before you start a fundal assessment?

A

Completely empty her bladder.

80
Q

When is a PKU heel stick done?

A

24 hours after birth, after baby has had formula

81
Q

What needs to be done first when a mother is excessively bleeding after giving birth?

A

Place her in trendelenburg position and then notify health care provider.

82
Q

How do you assess wounds?

A

REEDA

83
Q

Describe the posterior fontanel

A

Triangle shape

84
Q

What is normal blood pressure for baby?

A

80-90 systolic

40-50 diastolic

85
Q

When is the RH isoimmunization received?

A

72 hours after giving birth.

86
Q

What causes jaundice?

A

Large amount of bruising at time of delivery, resolving cephalohematoma, infection, dehydration, sepsis.

87
Q

How do you treat perineum pain?

A

Ice for first 24 hours

Sitz bath with warm water after first 24 hours.

88
Q

What kind of bacteria causes mastitis?

A

Staph

89
Q

What is normal blood glucose level for baby?

A

50-60

90
Q

What is hyperbilirubenenemia?

A

A high concentration of circulating red blood cells that cannot be metabolized by their liver.

91
Q

How do you treat milia?

A

You do nothing! It will go away on it own. Do not pop them! Leave them alone.

92
Q

Describe rubra lochia.

A

Bright red.

93
Q

Describes stools of breastfed infants.

A

Yellow and loose, a seedy consistency.

94
Q

What level do you get concerned when bilirubin reaches.

A

15

95
Q

When is the Guthrie test given?

A

24 hours after digestion of formula/protein.

96
Q

Describe lanugo.

A

Fine downy hair-most abundant at 28-32 weeks and it decreases with fetal maturity.

97
Q

When baby circumcision site is bleeding, what is nurse priority?

A

Apply pressure with sterile gauze and healthcare provider.

98
Q

What is von willibrand’s disease?

A

When you body does not clot.

99
Q

What will happen to platelets after delivery?

A

They will go back down to normal.

100
Q

What kind of bra does mom need to wear after giving birth?

A

A snug fitting supportive bra.

101
Q

What is used for pain management for circumcision?

A

Ring block–nerve block
EMLA–topical cream
Sugar water (sucrose)

102
Q

What is the purpose of surfactant?

A

It makes the alveoli open and close which allows the exchange of CO2 and O2.

103
Q

What is the first assessment done after baby is born?

A

The APGAR

104
Q

What is the most important action after birth for baby?

A

To have spontaneous respirations.

105
Q

What is the treatment for hyperbilirubenenemia?

A

Phototherapy.

106
Q

How often do you check the circumcision site?

A

Every 15 minutes fir the first hour and then hourly for the next 4-6 hours.

107
Q

What does a cephalohematoma feel like?

A

Boggy and edematous.

108
Q

What can happen is platelets do not go back to normal after delivery?

A

The mother can throw a clot.

109
Q

When do you burp a baby?

A

Before and after feedings.

110
Q

How often do you feed baby if they are breastfed?

A

Every 1 1/2 - 2 hours.

111
Q

What are signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia in baby?

A

Jitteriness, tremors, irregular respirations, hypothermia.

112
Q

What is a cephalohematoma?

A

A collection of blood under periosteum.

113
Q

Why are babies that are cold stressed warmed slowly?

A

To prevent apnea!

114
Q

How do you stabilize the uterus before beginning a fundal assessment?

A

Place a hand just above the symphysis pubis.

115
Q

What is normal temperature for for baby?

A

97.7-99 F

116
Q

What interventertions need to be taken when a baby is on phototherapy?

A 
Cover Eyes
Change positions ever 2 hours
Increase fluids
Assess stool
Check temperature every 2 hours.
117
Q

What causes caput succedaneum?

A

Pressure in head during labor and delivery.

118
Q

What does the APGAR assess?

A 
Heart rate
Respiratory rate
Muscle tone
Response to stimulation
Skin color
119
Q

What can a mom who is not breastfeeding do for breast engorgement?

A

Use ice packs
Wear a snug bra or breast binder
No stimulation of breasts
Turn back in showers

120
Q

Why are stool softeners given to moms who have had an episiotomy?

A

So pressure from having a bowel movement does not tear the episiotomy even more.

121
Q

What nursing interventions are needed for a mom who just delivered and have an elevated temperature (100.3) ?

A

Increase fluids and encourage hydration.

122
Q

Describe milia.

A

Whiteheads on the infants face, especially around the nose.

123
Q

What color is do you want the stool to be of a baby who is on phototherapy?

A

Green!

Mom, baby and pediatrics (4 decks)

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