Exam 2 Review Flashcards
3 aspects of culture
-Artifacts- thinks people make, visable objects and technology
-Sociofacts-structure and organization of culture which influences social behavior, family,religious groups, governments
-Mentifacts- ideas, beliefs, and values of people, religion, language, idea of right and wrong behavior
What is the difference between cultural relativism and moral relativism
-Moral relativism is an idea where right or wrong is determined by culture in which a person lives in
-Cultural relativism is the idea that different cultures have ideas about ethical behavior, understanding cultures on its own terms rather than judging by its custom
Positives and negatives of aquaculture
Positives:
-Food security: increase amount of seafood available to eat
-Economic growth: creates jobs in costal and rural areas
-Water quality: water quality by filtering water
-Restores ecosystem: restores lost marine habitates by creating structural habitates
-Biodiversity: preserves biodiversity and endangered fish population
Negatives:
-Diseases: spread to naitve fish
-Waste: waste products, like feces, dead fish, contaminates water supply
- Destruction of ecosystem: destroy ecosystems and habitates bc of harmful chemicals and antibiotics
AG revolution
1st- saved seeds to plant later and domestication of animals
2nd- use of mechanization efficiently and improvement of transportation, crop rotation
3rd- genetic modification, hybridization, increase use of pesticides and fertilizers
Algae blooms and deadzones
- Dead zones are created when large algae blooms die and decompose and strip oxygen from surrounding water making it unlivable for organisms
-Algae blooms: rapid increase of algae in a body of water because of fertilizer and runoff of excess nutrients, lowering the oxygen levels
-Deadzones: rivers collecting runoff creating algae blooms which then dies and sinks to the bottom and are decomposed by bacteria creating little to no levels of oxygen making it a nonlivable area for marine lift
Aquifer
a body of permeable rock which can contain or tranmit groundwater
-important to provide drinking water, agriculture use, and industrial use
Malthus vs Boserup
-Can generally be considered to be opposing viewpoints
Malthus: human population will out grow food supply, resulting in famine, diease, and war
Boserup: as we grow people will find a way to feed ourselves, if demand rises we will find a way to make it available
Natural Checks
-Famine: extreme scarcity of food
-Disease
-War
Difference between cultural relativism and ethnocentrism
-Cultural relativism is the idea that different cultures have different ideas about ethical behavior, understanding cultures on its own terms rather than judging by its customs
-Ethnocentrism is the tendency of judging other cultures based on standards and ones own culture, often believing ones culture is superior
what is cultural landscape
- a natural landscape that has been modified by humans, reflecting their cultural beliefs and values ( parks, sacred places- shrins, temples)
Descibe place, placemaking, and placelessness
-Place: physical location that is defined by its physical characteristics
-Placemaking: a process that involves the design or planning of a space to make it recognizable or make it a homey feeling
-Placelessness: a place that loss its sense of uniqueness or distinctiveness and cant identify where you are
Types of cultural diffusion
Broad categories:
-Relocation: when a person migrates from their home and shares their culture with a new location
-Expansion: trend is spread from its originating place, outward but stays in its place of origin
Others:
-Contagious: traits, ideas, or practices spread quickly and widely to local population or in close proximity
-Hierachical: spread of ideas or traits from a person or place of power or authority
-Stimulus: an idea or trait is adopted from one culture by another but the idea or trait changes or becomes modified in the process
what is lingua franca and why is english lingua franca
- language that is adopted as a common language between speakers whose native lagunages are different
-English is lingua franca because of the economic power the US and british empire had while ww2 which contributed to the english spread, rapid spread of technology and literature establishing english as the language of science
Difference between acculturation and assimilation
-Acculteration: when people from different cultures come in contact and learn and adopt certain aspects of each others culture
-Assimilation: when someone fully adopts the dominants culture, fully leaving their old ways behind
what is creolization and is tex-mex cuisine creolization
-creolization: interaction between culturesresulting in two or more cultures elements blending together
-Yes, tex-mex is an example of creolization because it is a blend of either Mexican or spanish cuisines blended with american taste
