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nursing pediatrics > exam 2: resp > Flashcards

exam 2: resp Flashcards

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1
Q

Equivalent of the “common cold”

Causes:
rhinovirus, RSV, adenovirus, influenza virus, & parainfluenza virus

A

nasopharyngitis

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2
Q

Nursing Interventions for nasopharyngitis

A

elevate HOB, suctioning, vaporization, saline nose drops

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3
Q

80-90% of this disease is viral

A

pharyngitis

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4
Q

what test is done to rule out strep throat in those with pharyngiits?

A

GABHS

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5
Q

antibiotic of choice to treat pharyngitis?

A

penecillin, and if allergic, erythromycin

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6
Q

for tonsillitis, when do you need to get surgery–> tonsillectomy or adenoidectomy?

A

if three more or cases have occured in the past year

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7
Q

post-op nursing monitoring priorities in those with tonsillitis?

A

Monitor for bleeding: frequent swallowing, vomiting fresh blood, frequent throat clearing
Highest risk of hemorrhage is first 24hrs. & 5-10 days post-op.

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8
Q

foods to avoid post-op tonsillitis?

A 
Straws
Red fluids
Acidic foods or fluids
Rough textured foods
Hot food or drink
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9
Q

is otitis media caused by bacterial or viral agent? and which ones?

A

bacterial; s. pneumoniae & H influenzae

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10
Q

2 types of otitis media?

A

acute otitis media (AOM)
or
otitis media with effusion (OME)

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11
Q

which vaccine has decreased the incidence of otitis media by 50% in some cases>

A

pneumococcal vaccine

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12
Q

nursing interventions for otitis media

A

Position on affected side for comfort & facilitate drainage
Apply heat over the ear (warm compresses)
Cleanse external canal with antibiotic ointment or hydrogen peroxide if ordered

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13
Q

principle cause of infectious mononucleosis

A

epstein-barr virus

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14
Q

infection control procedure for mono patients

A

standard, no isolation

incubation period is 30-50 days

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15
Q

S&S of mono

A

big three: fever, pharyngitis, cervical lymphadenopathy

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16
Q

Croup syndromes symtoms

A

hoarse cough, insp. stridor, resp. distresss

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17
Q

epiglottitis

A

acute inflammation of the epiglottis. MEDICAL EMERGENCY

18
Q

which bacteria usually causes epiglottitis?

A

H influenzae

19
Q

clinical manifestations of epiglottitis?

A 
4 D's:
drooling
dysphagia
dysphonia
distressed breathing efforts
tripod position
20
Q

lab diagnostics of epiglottitis?

A

ABGs: low pH AND PaO2

high co2–> RESP. ACIDOSIS

21
Q

treatment of epiglottitis?

A

analgesics and antipyretics
iv antibiotics
corticosteroids
O2 therapy

22
Q

most common croup syndrome

A

laryngotracheobronchitis

23
Q

most common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in children less than a year old

A

resp. syncytial virus

24
Q

viral infection of bronchioles. characterized by thick secretions

A

bronciolitis

25
Q

diagnosis of bronchiolitis made by

A

RSV washings, SaO2

26
Q

nursing interventios for bronchiolitis pts.

A

-DROPLET PRECAUTIONS
observe for hypoxia
bulb syringe for suctioning
administer neb treatment

27
Q

diagnostic tests to determine pneumonia:

A

CXR, CT, Sputum C&S

28
Q

treatment for pneumonia

A 
resp assessment
cool mist tent
elevate HOB
Chest PT/ incentive spirometry
antibiotics
29
Q

pertussis

A

whooping cough, highly contagious “droplet precautions”

30
Q

diagnosis of pertussis made by

A

nasal swab

31
Q

treatment of pertussis is: _____

A

symptomatic. cool mist with O2 and resp. assessment

32
Q

reversible “reactive” airway disease

A

asthma

33
Q

most common chronic condition in children

A

asthma

34
Q

this is ominous sign of resp arrest in asthmatic pts.

A

sudden cessation of wheezes

35
Q

treatment for asthma

A

short acting beta blockers: albuterol
anticholintergics: atrovent
steroids
spacers

36
Q

this asthmatic drug should not be used in children under the age of 12

A

Leukotreine modifiers: Singulair

37
Q

autosomal recessive disease causing dysfunction of exocrine glands

A

cystic fibrosis

38
Q

responsible mutated gene for cystic fibrosis is located here

A

chromosome 7

39
Q

when both parents carry the CF gen, then:

A
  • 25% with have CF
  • 50% will be carriers
  • 25% will not have disease
40
Q

assessments found in CF pts.:

A

-meconium ileus(infants)
-salty-tasting skin
-frequent infections
-steatorrhea (fatty stools)
thin extremities and muscle wasting

41
Q

diagnostic test for CF:

A

sweat test: weat chloride greater than 60 on two or more occasions is indicative

  • stool for fecal fat
  • chest x-ray
42
Q

treatment options for CP pts: meds

A 
bronchodilators
mucolytics
pancreatic enzymes
vitamins
antibiotics
salt replacement
nsaids
flutter valve

nursing pediatrics (5 decks)

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