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PA > Exam 2 Questions > Flashcards

Exam 2 Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following is the normal percussion note over the peripheral lung fields?

A

Resonance

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2
Q

A 70 year old male presents to the clinic for an annual with a history of smoking 1 pack of cigarettes a day for 50 years. How many pack years is that? (50). When examining his chest you note an increase in his AP diameter. What is the name for a patient with an increased AP diameter?

A

Barrel chest

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3
Q

Expected assessment findings in the normal lung are

A

muffled voice sounds and symmetrical tactile fremitus

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4
Q

The trachea bifurcates anteriorly at

A

the manubrial sternal angle or the angle of Louis - this is also the top of the heart and where the 2nd rib is

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5
Q

Unequal chest expansion will occur when

A

part of the lung is obstructed or collapsed

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6
Q

When auscultating the lungs of an adult patient, you note that over the posterior lower lobes you hear low-pitched soft breath sounds with inspiration being longer than expiration. Those are

A

normal and vesicular

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7
Q

Broncophony on auscultation is associated with

A

pulmonary consolidation as in pneumonia

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8
Q

Percussion over an area of atelecisis in the lungs would reveal

A

dullness

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9
Q

When auscultating a patient’s lungs you ask them to say “EEE” and you hear a clear “AAA”, you note this as E to A changes and know that it is consistent with

A

pulmonary consolidation like lobular pneumonia

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10
Q

A physical finding consistent with emphysema is

A

hyper-resonance

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11
Q

Name the following condition: an allergic hypersensitivity to certain inhaled allergens, irritants, microorganisms stress or and exercise that’s characterized by bronchopasm

A

Asthma

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12
Q

The following condition is an inflammatory condition of the lung, affecting primarily the alveoli, caused by infection with either a virus, a bacteria or other microorganism, and the alveoli become consolidated

A

pneumonia

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13
Q

We don’t see retraction phenomenon in

A

a benign condition

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14
Q

Exam of the male breast includes

A

inspection and palpation

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15
Q

The 4 lymph nodes in the axilla:

A

central, pectoral, sub scapular and lateral. Epitrochlear is not part of the axilla

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16
Q

Mrs. R reports a recent breast inflammation and you would expect ____ axillary node enlargement

A

ipsilateral

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17
Q

Which 2 heart chambers are most anterior in the chest?

A

Right atrium and ventricle. Remember that the heart is twisted in the body, and there’s very little of the left ventricle anterior and there’s no left atrium.

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18
Q

In the inspection of a normal adult, where would you expect to palpate the apical impulse?

A

At the 5th ICS at the mid-clavicular line

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19
Q

Systole coincides with the

A

carotid artery pulse (S1)

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20
Q

What is heard louder at the base of the heart?

A

S2

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21
Q

What is closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves?

A

S1

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22
Q

Closure of the pulmonic and aortic valves?

A

S2

23
Q

In cardiovascular assessment, a thrill is

A

A murmur that is palpable. (level 4,5,6) - turbulent blood flow which is palpable feeling through the chest wall

24
Q

Afterload is

A

the resistance against which the ventricle must pump blood. (or the opposing pressure the ventricle must generate to open the aortic valve against the pressure in the aorta)

25
Q

Preload

A

the volume of blood in the ventricle at the end of diastole

26
Q

the findings from your assessment of a 70 y/o male include swelling in his ankles and jugular venous pulsations 7cm above the sternal angle. Is this normal? No. What’s wrong with him?

A

When you have increased pressure in the right side of the heart, you’re going to have visible pulsations and edema in the feet.

27
Q

When the left side of the heart has too much pressure, there will be

A

buildup of fluid in the lungs

28
Q

An S4 heart sound is

A

a rumbling sound heard because the ventricle is resistant to blood filling from the atrial contraction or atrial kick.

29
Q

S3 and S4 are both

A

ventricular filling sounds

30
Q

S3 is at beginning of

A

rapid filling during diastole

31
Q

S4 is at the end of

A

diastole with atrial contraction/atrial kick

32
Q

S4 is called an ___ gallop

A

atrial

33
Q

S3 is called a ____ gallop

A

ventricular

34
Q

S3 and S4 combined are called a ____ gallop

A

summation

35
Q

John doe has a murmur heard after S1 but before S2. This murmur is classified as

A

Mitral regurgitation, systolic (it could also be aortic stenosis)

36
Q

Which of the following would cause a person to be at the highest risk for peripheral vascular disease of the venous system:

A

Prolonged standing without moving the muscles of your legs

37
Q

When does peripheral vascular pressure fall to the lowest point?

A

During diastole

38
Q

Posterior tibial pulse can be found behind the

A

medial malleolus

39
Q

To assess the dorsalis pedis artery, it’s lateral to the

A

extensor tendon of the great toe

40
Q

WP is a 35 year old with infection in left foot. Which of the following would you expect to find:

A

Enlarged and tender inguinal nodes.

41
Q

Heard louder at the apex of the heart?

A

S1

42
Q

What sound heard over the abdominal aorta would suggest either an aneurism, stenosis, or other problem in the main vessels of the abdomen?

A

Bruit

43
Q

Which of the following is not normally palpable in the adult?

A

Gallbladder

44
Q

main reason we do auscultation before percussion and palpation is to

A

prevent the distortion of bowel sounds.

45
Q

More than 95% of aortic aneurisms are located

A

ABOVE the umbilicus

46
Q

The normal liver span at the mid-clavicular line is

A

6-12

47
Q

Mrs. T is complaining of tenderness along the posterior costovertebral angels, this is most indicative of a

A

kidney inflammation

48
Q

Your patient complains of an inability to void. What finding on exam makes you think his bladder is full?

A

Subprapubic dullness to percussion.

49
Q

You suspect that Mrs. W has appendicitis. Which of the following procedures would not be an expected finding?

A

The Murphy’s sign

50
Q

While hooking your fingers under the ribs on the right side, you ask the patient to take a deep breath and they are unable to complete the breath?

A

Cholecystitis which is inflammation of the gallbladder

51
Q

Jane Doe has a diastolic murmur, which are possible?

A

Aortic regurgitation and mitral stenosis

52
Q

Patient complains of sore on lower leg that doesn’t seem to be getting better. You suspect venous insufficiency. Which of the findings below reflects venous insufficiency?

A

All of them (soreness in legs, hyper pigmentation, ulcerations present usually on medial side, leg will be warm to the touch)

53
Q

Patient complains of severe pain in right foot and you suspect arterial insufficiency. Findings include:

A

Pallor of the foot on elevation

54
Q

If you note the presence of a large right epitrochlear lymph node, you want to

A

examine the areas that feed into that. Hand

PA (10 decks)

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