Exam 2 Pharmacology Flashcards
Furosemide, heparin, lisinopril, meropenem, metoprolol, thiamine, nicardipine, and dobutamine
Furosemide MOA
given to help treat fluid retention (edema) and swelling
Furosemide given for
congestive heart failure, liver disease, kidney disease, or other medical conditions.
Furosemide expected outcomes
decreased edema, improved breathing, and relief from symptoms associated with fluid overload
Furosemide adverse effects
tinnitus
blurred vision
hematuria
confusion
constipation
diarrhea
Furosemide contraindications
low BP
DEHYDRATION
Addison’s
diabetes
Furosemide type of
loop diuretic
Furosemide should be gven with
K
Heparin is what type
anticoagulant
Heparin MOA
makes blood
Heparin monitor for
PTT 60-100
INR 2-3
Heparin onset
fast onset
Heparin needed for
deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) as well as atrial fibrillation (AF).
Heparin expected outcomes
Prevention or resolution of blood clots
Heparin adverse effects
easy bruising and bleeding
hemoptysis
vomiting
dizziness
HA
NOSE BLEEDS
THROMBOCYTOPENIA
AND swelling
lisinopril type of drug
ACE
lisinopril MOA
block the production of a hormone called angiotensin II. This is a hormone that typically increases blood pressure
- treats high blood pressure, heart failure
lisinopril expected outcomes
lowers your blood pressure and makes it easier for your heart to pump blood around your body. This can improve the symptoms of heart failure. In diabetic kidney disease, it helps to protect your kidneys and slows down the disease.
lisinopril adverse reactions
dry cough gets worse
dizzy
orthostatic hypotension
HA
vomiting
diarrhea
blurred vision
lisinopril monitor
monitor BP
water retention and SOB
EKG
MEROPENEM type
intravenous carbapenem antibiotic
MEROPENEM MOA
inhibition of cell wall synthesis.
MEROPENEM expected outcomes
fight the infection and
MEROPENEM nursing actions
extravasation.
Observe for signs of renal, hepatic, or haematological dysfunction.
Observe for skin rashes.
Measure urine output.
Feb 7, 2020
MEROPENEM adverse reactions
increase liver enzymes
thrombocytosis
Metoprolol should not be given if
HR is less than 60
Metoprolol type
beta blocker
Metoprolol tx
high BP
chronic chest pain
survival after heart attack
Metoprolol MOA
decreases the workload of the heart by slowing the contractions
Metoprolol expected outcomes
lower blood pressure to a healthy level
Metoprolol adverse effects
tired
dizzy
chest pain
alow irregular heartbeat
numbness
Metoprolol nursing considerations
increase risk of hypoglycemia
vital signs and ECG every 5 – 15 minutes during and for several hours after parenteral administration
Thiamine type
B1 vitamin
Thiamine tx
dietary supplement in patients with GI disease,
alcoholism or cirrhosis
- treats beriberi - thiamine deficiency
- prevents Wernicke’s encephalopathy
- given to alcoholics
Thiamine MOA
carbohydrate metabolism
Thiamine expected outocomes
strengthen the immune system and improve the body’s ability to withstand stressful conditions
Thiamine adverse effects
with large
doses or IV administration
- restlessness, weakness, respiratory distress
- vascular collapse, GI bleed, hypotension
Thiamine nursing considerations
not for pregnant or plan to become pregnant
- nutrition
- caution with diagnosed with Wernicke’s encephalopathy
Thiamine rich foods
whole grain
cereal
meat
frech veggies
Nicardipine type
Calcium channel blockers
Nicardipine tx
Nicardipine MOA
lowers blood pressure by relaxing the blood vessels so the heart does not have to pump as hard. It controls chest pain by increasing the supply of blood and oxygen to the heart.
Nicardipine expected outcomes
high blood pressure and to control angina (chest pain)
Nicardipine adverse effects
HF
dizzy
HA
blurry
chest pain
fatigue
wheeze
lower back pain
cold feet and hands
Nicardipine nursing considerations
Monitor BP and pulse, ECG, I&O, WT
PERIPHERAL EDEMA, CRACKLES, DYSPNEA, WT GAIN, JVD
Dobutamine class
inotropic agents
Dobutamine MOA
myocardium through binding and activating the beta-1 receptors selectively.
- VASODILATOR
Dobutamine tx
coronary revascularization, mechanical circulatory support, or heart transplant
- acute tx of congestive heart failure
Dobutamine expected outcomes
Increase in cardiac output. Improved hemodynamic parameters. Increased urine output
Dobutamine adverse effects
nausea, headaches, chest pain, palpitations, and shortness of breath.
Dobutamine nursing considerations
Observe IV site closely and avoid extravasation. Dobutamine can cause inflammatory response and tissue ischaemia.
Monitor for adverse reactions.
Continuous blood pressure monitoring.
Continuous cardiorespiratory monitoring.
Document vital signs hourly and PRN.
Monitor fluid balance.
