Exam 2 - Neurologic

Question 1

Cerebellum

Answer 1

motor coordination and balance, equilibrium and muscle tone

Question 2

Brainstem

Answer 2

autonomic functions, deepest part of the brain, breathing, heart rate, GI functions

Question 3

Sensory

Answer 3

feeling

Question 4

Motor

Answer 4

the ability to perform complex muscle-and-nerve acts that produce movement; fine motor skills are small movements like writing and tying shoes, gross motor skills are large movements like walking and kicking

Question 5

Neurological Exam

Answer 5

LOC and Mental Status
Test Cranial Nerves
Assess Motor and Sensation
Assess Coordination and Balance
Assess reflexes

Question 6

Cranial Nerve Assessment I,II

Answer 6

CN I Olfactory - correctly iCN II,dentifies scents in both nares

Question 7

Cerebral Spinal Fluid

Answer 7

is clear colorless fluid

Question 8

CN II - Optic

Answer 8

Vision acuity using Snellen Chart 20/20 is normal

Red like reflex and papilledema

Question 9

CN III,IV,VI can be checked together
Oculomotor
Trochlear
Abducens

Answer 9

CN III - PERLLA and EOM increased

Question 10

CN IV and CN VI (Trochlear and Abducens)

Answer 10

EOM decreased and lateral
Test full visual fields
Test six cardinal field of gaze

Question 11

Nastagmus II,IV,VI

Answer 11

can indicate cerebellar and brainstem injury

Question 12

Reflex Arc

Answer 12

part of autonomic nervous system
deep tendon reflexes are involuntary - LOC not involved
Reflexes are normal in the unresponsive client

Question 13

Anomia

Answer 13

lack of smell from cranial nerve dysfunction

Question 14

Aphasia

Answer 14

a disturbance of the comprehension and expression of language caused by dysfunction in the brain.

Question 15

Ataxia

Answer 15

wide base with slapping of feet and swaying

Question 16

Clonus

Answer 16

hyperactive reflex indicating upper motor neuron disease, when present there will be alternating flexion and extension

Question 17

Dysphagia

Answer 17

difficulty swallowing

Question 18

Fasciculation

Answer 18

muscle twitch”, is a small, local, involuntary muscle contraction and relaxation which may be visible under the skin.

Question 19

Nystagmus

Answer 19

involuntary oscillations of the eye

Question 20

Tremors

Answer 20

Involuntary
At rest
Intention

Question 21

Tic

Answer 21

twitching

Question 22

Rigidity

Answer 22

resistance to movement

Question 23

Flaccidity

Answer 23

hypotonicity CVA, MD, SCI

Question 24

Paralysis

Answer 24

lack of motor function

Question 25

Paraplegia

Answer 25

s an impairment in motor or sensory function of the lower extremities

Question 26

Paresthesia

Answer 26

is a sensation of tingling, tickling, prickling, pricking, or burning of a person’s skin with no apparent long-term physical effect.

Question 27

Nucal rigidity

Answer 27

impaired neck flexion resulting from muscle spasm (not actual rigidity) of the extensor muscles of the neck

Question 28

Spasticity

Answer 28

Increased muscle contraction

Question 29

Which cranial nerves can be assessed together?

Answer 29

CNIII occulomotor, CN IV trochlear, CN VI abducens

CN IX glossopharyngeal, CN X vagus

Question 30

PERLLA assesses which cranial nerve?

Answer 30

CNIII occulomotor

Question 31

What cranial nerve assesses papilledema?

Answer 31

CN II Optic

Question 32

Describe papilledema?

Answer 32

edema of optic nerve as it enters the retina

Question 33

Explain the sensory and motor reflex arc?

Answer 33

XXX

Question 34

Explain why an unconscious patient has normal reflex responses?

Answer 34

XXX

Question 35

What is Dermatome?

Answer 35

is an area of skin that is mainly supplied by a single spinal nerve

Question 36

What type of viral infection reactivates itself in a nerve dermatone?

Answer 36

Shingles, or herpes zoster, appears as a painful rash on the skin corresponding to the sensory nerve in the area of a single dermatome