exam 2 mod. 4-7 Flashcards
Normal worry or stress in a particularly stressful situation
Anxiety
Excessive worry that is often disproportionate and irrational, accompanied by physical symptoms
Anxiety Disorder
Neurotransmitters typically implicated in anxiety disorders
GABA, Serotonin, Glutamate
Abrupt periods of extreme fear or discomfort. Usually peak within 10 minutes
Panic Attack
Intense anxiety and avoidance of situations in which it may be difficult to escape or receive help
Agoraphobia
Persistent fears that are excessive and unreasonable, cued by specific objects or situations
Specific Phobia.
Disorder characterized by persistent impulsive thoughts and repetitive behaviors.
OCD
Persistent, unwanted, and unintentional thoughts and urges that are highly intrusive, unpleasant, and distressing.
Obsessions
Ritualistic behaviors that one performs to mitigate their anxiety that stems from obsessive thoughts
Compulsions
Preoccupation with a perceived flaw in physical appearance. The flaw is typically nonexistent or barely noticeable to other people.
Body Dysmorphic Disorder
Excessive acquisition and an inability or unwillingness to discard large quantities of objects, often covering living areas.
Hoarding Disorder
Compulsive urges to pull out one’s hair.
Trichotillomania
Repeated and compulsive urges to pick at one’s own skin.
Excoriation Disorder
A type of damage to the psyche that occurs as a result of a severely distressing event (rape, victim of violent crime, near-death experience to self or other).
Trauma
Disorder that results from experiencing severe trauma.
PTSD
Disorder in which emotionally withdrawn and inhibited behaviors are shown in children with their caregivers. Children also exhibit emotional and social disturbance and are often in living situations where they are unable to form secure attachments.
Reactive Attachment Disorder
Episodes in which people are detached from reality. They’ll typically experience delusions and hallucinations.
Psychosis
Disorders of commission, people are doing or thinking something. Hallucinations (sensory stimuli experienced when there are no external stimuli) and delusions (false, unchanging beliefs)
Positive Symptoms
Disorders of omission, people are not doing or thinking something. Ex: alogia (lack of speech), flat affect (lack of emotional response), anhedonia (inability to experience pleasure), apathy (lack of interest).
Negative Symptoms
Deterioration of social functioning: social withdrawal, self-neglect, neglect of environment.
Socially inappropriate behavior: inappropriate exposure, obscene language, and talking to oneself.
Behavioral Disturbance
Symptoms are abnormal thought processes and dysregulated emotions. Someone with this disorder has features of both schizophrenia and a mood disorder (BP or MDD).
Schizoaffective Disorder
Hyperactive dopamine transmission results in schizophrenic symptoms.
Dopamine Theory
Delusions with no accompanying hallucinations, thought disorder, mood disorder, or flat affect.
Delusion Disorder
Dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, drowsiness, dizziness, fidgeting, muscle cramps/spasms, unintended muscle movements.
Side Effects of Antipsychotics
- Deficits in general mental abilities
- Significant limitations in one or more areas of adaptive behavior
- Evidence that limitations become apparent in childhood or adolescence
DSM Criteria for Intellectual Disabilities
Disorder that affects the reading process (word recognition, reading speed, prosody).
Dyslexia
Math-related disorder involving difficulties with learning and understanding math-related concepts, memorization, organization, etc.
Dyscalculia
Disorder that affects the writing process and causes writing-related deficiencies (grammar, organization, penmanship).
Dysgraphia
