Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychopharmacology > Exam 2 meds (Anxiety, Chronic Pain, Dementia) > Flashcards

Exam 2 meds (Anxiety, Chronic Pain, Dementia) Flashcards

1
Q

Alprazolam (Xanax)

A

Class: GABA PAM
FDA: GAD, PD
Dosage:
Start 0.25mg-0.5mg TID, inc. 0.25-.5/day every 3-4 days. Max = 10mg/day
SE: Sedation, somnolence, memory probs, slurred speech, motor impairments dependence, anterograde amnesia, falls, paradoxical irritation, resp. depression
Pearl/Unique: Short acting (acute anxiety)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Buspirone (Buspar)

A

Class: 5HT1A patial agonist
FDA: GAD
Dosage:
Start 5mg TID or 7.5 BID, increase 5mg daily every 2-3 days to 20 or 30mg daily (TID or BID). Max = 60mg/day
SE: Dizziness, nausea, headache, jitters, nerviousness
Pearl/Unique: Non-behnzodiazepine, non-habitforming, 2 weeks to take effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Clonazepam (Klonopin)

A

Class: GABA PAM
FDA: PD, Seizure d/os
Dosage:
Start 0.5mg BID
Increase 0.5-1mg /day every 2-4 days
Max = 6mg, divided BID or TID
SE: Sedation, somnolence, confusion, ataxia, dependence, anterograde amnesia, falls, paradox irritation, resp. depression
Pearl/Unique: Long action (half life 20-30 hours), thus less likely for addiction potential, gradual onset, offset

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Diazepam (Valium)

A

Class: GABA PAM
FDA: GAD, seizure d/os; alcholol withdrawl, muscle spasms
Dosage:
Start 2-5mg BID
Inc. 2-5mg every 2-4 days
Max = 40mg divided BID, TID, QID
SE: Sedation, somnolence, confusion, ataxia, anterograde amnesia, falls, paradox irrit, resp. depression
Pearl/Unique: Long acting benzo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Duloxetine (Cymbalta)

A

Class: SNRI
FDA: MDD, GAD, diabeter peripheral neuropathy, fibromyagia, chronic musculoskeletal pain
Dosage:
30-60mg daily???
PAIN - Start 30mg/day, increase to 60mg/day after one week
DEP - Start 40mg/day (20mg BID), increase to 60mg/day
GAD - Start 60mg/day
MAX = 120mg/day
SE: Nausea, dry mouth, somnolence, fatigue, constipation decreased appetite, hyperhidrosis
Pearl/Unique: Effective for chronic pain conditions such as diabetic neuropathy and fibromyalgia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Gabapentin (Neurontin)

A

Class: Alpha-2-Delta VSCC Antagongist
FDA: Posthepetic neuralgia, partial onset seizures, restless leg syndrome
Dosage:
Start 300mg TID
Increase as needed
Max dose varies…3600mg/day dividided.?!
SE: dizziness, somnolence, peripheral edema, ataxia, fatigue
Pearls/Unique: Off-label for anxiety and pain, titrate slowly to minimize SEs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Hydroxyzine (atarax)

A

Class: H1 antagonist (ANTIHISTAMINE)
FDA: Anxiety, pruritius, sedation (for procedures), anxiety (withdrawls), Nause/vomiting (injection)
Dosage: 25mg - 50mg PRN BID/TID
SE: sedation, dry mouth, headache, dizziness
Pearl/Unique: antihistamine….non-addictive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Lorazepam (Ativan)

A

Class: GABA PAM
FDA: GAD, status epilepticus
Dosage:
Start 1mg BID
Inc 0.5-1mg daily every 2-4 days
Max = 10mg daily divided
SE: sedation somnolence, dizziness, ataxia, dependence, antergrade anmnsia, etc.
Pearl/Unique: Short-acting, acute anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pregabalin (Lyrica)

A

Class: Alpha 2 Delta Antagonists
FDA: Neuropathic pain, fibromyaglia, partial onset seizures; GAD (europe)
Dosage:
Start 75mg BID
Inc. as needed
Max = 600mg / day
SE: dizzy, somnolence, dry mouth, edema, blurred vision, weight gain
Pearl/Unique: titrate slowly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Propranolol (inderal)

A

Class: Non-selective beta-blocker
FDA: Hypertension, Angina, A fib, MI, migraine prophylaxis, essential tremor, anxiety
Dosage:
10-40mg TID
SE: Bradycardia, hypotension, fatigue, dizziness, DEPRESSION
Pearl/Unique: Effective for physical symptoms of anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Diphenhydramine (benadryl)

A

Class: H1 antagonist
FDA: Allergic rxns, motion sickness, insomnia, cough suppression
Dosage: 20mgQ4-6H for allergies
SE: Sedation, drymouth, dizziness, urinary retention
Pearl/Unique: commonly used as allergy / sleep aid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Doxepin (Silenor)

A

Class: Tricylcic antidepression (inhibits SERT & NET)
FDA: Insomnia, MDD (higher doses)
Dosage: 3mg-6mg QHS (insomnia)
SE: Dry mouth, sedation, constipation, urinary retention, weight gain
Pearl/Unique: Effective at low doses for sleep maintenance insomnia, higher doses for depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Eszopiclone (lunesta)

A

Class: GABA PAM ….Selective GABA-A alpha 1 agonist….non benzo
FDA: Insomnia
Dosage:
Start 1mg or 2mg QHS
Max 3mg
SE: Somnolence, HA, metallic taste, dizzy, drymouth, anaphylaxis, bizarre sleep behaviors
Pearl/Unique: Controlled (C-IV) effective for sleep onset and maintenance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Ramelteon (rozerem)

A

Class: Melatonin-1 and melatonin -2 receptor agonist
FDA: Insomnia
Dosage:
Start 8mg QHS
SE: HA, somnolence, fatigue, dizzy, nausea, anaphylaxis, angioedema, PRL, abnormal cotrisol levels, abnormal testosterone levels, bizarre sleep behaviors
Pearl/Unique: Non-controlled?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Suborexant (Belsomra)

A

Class: Dual orexin OX1 & OX2 antagonist
FDA: Insomnia
Dosage:
Start 10mg
Max 20mg QHS
SE: Somnolence, HA, abnormal dreams, drymouth, impaired motor coord, diminshed cognition, sleep paralysis, hallucinations, cataplexy
Pearl/Unique: Controlled (C-IV), targets wakefulness pathway….hard to get insurance to cover currently

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Temazepam (Restoril)

A

Class: GABA PAM
FDA: Insomnia
Dosage:
Start 15mg QHS
Max 30mg
SE: the usual benzos
Pearl/Unique: primarily for sleep

17
Q

Zaleplon (Sonata)

A

Class: Selective GABA-A alpha 1 agonist…Z drug
FDA: Insomnia
Dosage:
Start 10mg
Max 20mg
SE: Somnolence, dizzy, HA, anaphylaxis, bizarre sleep behav
Pearl/Unique: Short halflive, good for sleep onset insomnia

18
Q

Zolpidem (Ambien)

A

Class: Selective GABA-A alpha1 agonist
FDA: Insomnia
Dosage:
10mg Males
5mg Females
SE: HA, somnolence, dizzy, diarrhea, bizzare sleep vehaviors
Pearl/Unique: Effective for sleep onset and maintenance

19
Q

Donepezil (Aricept)

A

Class: Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor
FDA: Mild-Moderate Alzheimers dementia, also moderate-severe…
Dosage:
Start 5mg QD,
Inc. 10mg QD after 4-6 weeks (tolerability?)
Max 23mg QD
SE: N/D/V, weight loss, anorexia, insomnia, vivid dreams, bradycardia(rare), syncope(rare), heartblock (rare)
Pearl/Unique: Anticholinergic agents may diminish effectivness, avoid use with Beta-blockers

20
Q

Memantine (Namenda)

A

Class: NMDA receptor antagonist
FDA: Mod-severe Alzheimers dementia
Dosage:
Start (IR) 5mg QDd
Inc. to 10mg BID
Start (XR) 7mg QD
Titrate weekly to 28mg QD
SE: Confusion, dizzy, HA, Diarrhea, constipation, sedation
Pearl/Unique: Often combined with donepezil, slowly titrate

21
Q

Rivastigmine (Exelon)

A

Class: AChE and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor
FDA: mild-mod alzheimers dementia, Parkinsons disease dementia
Dosage:
Start 1.5mg BID,
Inc. 1.5mg every 2 weeks
Max 6mg BID
PATCH: 4.6mg/24hr
Inc. 9.5mg/24hr
Max 13.3mg/24hr
SE: N/V/D, weight loss, dizzy
Pearl/Unique: Transdermal patch may reduce GI SEs

Psychopharmacology (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions