EXAM 2: Medical Terms/Body Structure

Question 1

metabolism

Answer 1

All ENERGY AND MATERIAL TRANSFORMATION that occur within living cells; the sum of all physical and chemical changes that take place within an organism

Question 2

homeostasis

Answer 2

State of dynamic EQUILIBRIUM OF THE INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT of the body, that is maintained by the ever-changing processes of feedback and regulation in RESPONSE TO EXTERNAL/INTERNAL CHANGES

Question 3

meatus

Answer 3

Passage or OPENING, leading to the interior of the body.

Question 4

orifice

Answer 4

The MOUTH, ENTRANCE, OUTLET of any anatomical structure

Question 5

introitus

Answer 5

An OPENING/entrance INTO A SPACE or cavity

Question 6

os

Answer 6

Mouth, opening

Question 7

stoma

Answer 7

1. Mouth, small opening, or pore
2. Artificially created opening between *two passages/body cavities, or *between a cavity/passage and the body’s surface
3. A minute opening between cells of certain epithelial membranes, esp. peritoneum and pleura

Question 8

lumen

Answer 8

Space within an artery/vein/intestine/tube

Question 9

patent

Answer 9

1. Evident; accessible

2. Having/Offering free, UNOBSTRUCTED PASSAGE

Question 10

perforation

Answer 10

• The act or process of making a hole, such as that caused by ulceration
• The hole made through a substance or part

Question 11

dilatation

Answer 11

EXPANSION of an orifice (by normal muscular action, or with a dilator)

Question 12

constriction

Answer 12

The binding or squeezing of a part

The narrowing of a vessel or opening

Question 13

vasoconstriction

Answer 13

A decrease in the diameter of blood vessels, which decreases the blood flow and raises blood pressure

Question 14

pathophysiology

Answer 14

Study of how normal physiological processes are altered by disease

Question 15

etiology

Answer 15

• The study of the caused of disease

- The cause of disease

Question 16

tumor or neoplasm

Answer 16

A tumor or abnormal clump of tissue that may be benign or malignant.

It serves no useful function, but grown at the expense of the healthy organism

Question 17

traumatic

Answer 17

Pert. to or caused by an injury

Question 18

metabolic

Answer 18

Pertaining to metabolism

Question 19

infection

Answer 19

Disease caused by microorganisms, esp. those that release toxins or invade body tissues

Question 20

hereditary

Answer 20

Pert. to a GENETIC CHARACTERISTIC transmitted from parent to offspring

Question 21

congenital

Answer 21

Present AT BIRTH

Question 22

vascular

Answer 22

Pert. to, or composed of BLOOD VESSELS

Question 23

degenerative

Answer 23

(of a disease or symptom)
An illness resulting from
AGING, REPETITIVE INJURY, or other PATHOLOGICAL issues

Question 24

immunologic (unresponsiveness)

Answer 24

Tolerance to antigens, that normally stimulate antibody production or cellular immunity

immunologic, adj.

Question 25

nosocomial

Answer 25

Pert. to, or occurring in a HEALTH CARE SETTING, such as a hospital or nursing home

Question 26

idiopathic

Answer 26

Pert. to an illness whose cause is uncertain or undetermined idiopathic disease: A disease for which n causative factor can be recognized