Exam #2 Lab Values and imbalances table Flashcards
1
Q
Hyponatremia
A
Weakness Headache, Dizziness Nausea Abdominal cramps Confusion, apathy progressing to lethargy Irritability Weak pulse Decreased blood pressure
2
Q
Hypernatremia
A
Intense thirst Nausea and Vomiting Dry, sticky mucous membranes Flushed skin Oliguria Hyperirritability Disorientation, Seizures Nuchal rigidity
3
Q
Hypokalemia
A
Muscle weakness
Muscle cramping/stiffness
Hyporeflexia/paralysis
Hypotension
Cardiac arrhythmias, gallop rhythm
Tachycardia or bradycardia
Ileus/Abdominal distension
Irritability and fatigue
Apathy
4
Q
Hyperkalemia
A
Muscle weakness
Flaccid paralysis
Hyperreflexia
Bradycardia
Ventricular fibrillation and cardiac arrest
Twitching
Oliguria
Apnea – resp. arrest
5
Q
Sodium
A
135 – 145 mEq/L
6
Q
Potassium
A
3.5 – 5.0 mEq/L
7
Q
Magnesium
A
1.5 – 2.2 mEq/L
8
Q
Calcium
A
9.0 – 11.0 mg/dL
9
Q
pH
A
7.35 – 7.45
10
Q
pCO2 mm Hg
A
35 - 45
11
Q
pO2 mm Hg
A
70 – 100 (50 – 80 in neonates)
12
Q
HCO3 mEq/L
A
22 - 26 mEq/ml
13
Q
Base Excess mEq/L
A
+3 to –3
14
Q
Hypocalcemia
A
Tingling of fingertips, nose, ears Tetany Convulsions Laryngospasm Hypotension Cardiac arrenst
15
Q
Hypercalcemia
A
Weakness, fatigue Nausea and vomiting anorexia Constipation Dry mouth/thirst Muscle hypotonicity Bradycardia
16
Q
Vitamin D toxicity
A
Weakness, fatigue, lassitude
Nausea and vomiting
Diarrhea
Headache
