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Personal Health & Wellness > Exam 2 Know the Following > Flashcards

Exam 2 Know the Following Flashcards

1
Q

Stages of cancer

A

0 = early cancer
I, II, III = more extensive cancer; the higher the number, the greater the tumor size and degree to which it spread
IV = advanced cancer that has spread to another organ
Remission = no sign/symptoms

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2
Q

Potential causes of cancer

A 
DNA
Tobacco use
Dietary factors
Inactivity and obesity
Carcinogens in environment
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3
Q

Treatments of cancer

A

Chemotherapy
Radiation therapy
Surgery

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4
Q

Types of immunity

A

Innate immunity system
Adaptive immunity system
Antigens
Antibodies

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5
Q

Stages of infection

A
  • Pathogen living in reservoir
  • Pathogen leaves through portal of exit
  • Means of transmission
  • Pathogen enters through portal of entry
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6
Q

Types of transmission of illness

A

Direct transmission

Indirect transmission

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7
Q

Types of pathogens

A 
Bacteria
Viruses
Fungi
Protozoa
Parasitic worms
Prions
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8
Q

Effective listening strategies

A
  • Try to fully understand another person’s story
  • Empathy, warmth, respect, and genuineness
  • Encourage others to share more and be attentive listeners
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9
Q

Types of parenting

A

Authoritarian
Authoritative
Permissive
Uninvolved

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10
Q

Temperament types of a child

A

Secure
Anxious/ambivalent
Anxious/avoidant

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11
Q

Themes of strong families

A 
Commitment
Appreciation
Communication
Time together
Spiritual wellness
Stress and crisis management
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12
Q

Male reproduction organs

A 
Penis
Scrotum
Testis
Cowper's gland
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Seminal vesicle
Prostate gland
Ejaculatory duct
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13
Q

Female reproductive organs

A 
Vulva
Clitoris
Prepuce
Vagina
Uterus
Cervix
Fallopian tubes
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14
Q

Phases of the sexual response

A

Excitement phase
Plateau phase
Orgasmic phase
Resolution phase (refractory period)

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15
Q

Factors of a healthy pregnancy

A 
Regular checkups
Blood tests
Prenatal nutrition
Avoiding drugs and other environmental hazards
Prenatal activity and exercise
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16
Q

Types of assisted reproduction

A

Assisted reproductive technology
Intrauterine insemination
In vitro fertilization
Gestational carrier

17
Q

Major events in the First Trimester of pregnancy

A
  • Zygote to blastocyst to embryo to fetus
  • Heart, brain, liver, lungs, and sex organs formed
  • Eyes, nose, ears, arms, and legs appear
18
Q

Major events in the Second Trimester of pregnancy

A
  • All body systems operating
  • Fetal heartbeat heard
  • Mother can detect movements
19
Q

Major events in the Third Trimester of pregnancy

A
  • Fetus gains most of its birth weight
  • Brown fat develops
  • Respiratory and digestive organs develop
  • Immunity supplied by mother
20
Q

Reasons for Female infertility

A
  • Tubal blockages (14%)
  • Failure to ovulate (21%)
  • Anatomical abnormalities, benign growths in uterus, thyroid disease, and other uncommon conditions (37%)
  • Unexplained (28%)
21
Q

Reasons for Male infertility

A
  • Hypothalamic pituitary disease (1-2%)
  • Testicular disease (30-40%)
  • Disorders of sperm transport or post-testicular disease (10-20%)
  • Unexplained (40-50%)
22
Q

How oral contraceptives work

A
  • Mimic hormonal activity of corpus luteum
  • Prevent ovulation
  • Inhibit movement of sperm
  • Alters rate of ovum transport through hormonal effects on fallopian tubes
  • May prevent implantation
23
Q

Examples of barrier contraception

A 
Male condoms
Female condoms
Diaphragm with spermicide
Contraceptive sponge
Cervical cap
Vaginal spermicides
24
Q

Examples of natural contraception

A 
Abstinence
Fertility awareness-based methods
- Calendar
- Temperature
- Mucus
Withdrawal
25
Q

Female menstrual cycle

A

Menses
Estrogenic phase
Ovulation
Progestational phase

26
Q

First stage of labor

A
  • Avg. 13 hours
  • Cervical effacement and dilation
  • Contractions 30 sec, 15-20 min apart; increase to 60-90 sec, 1-3 min apart
  • Water may break
27
Q

Second stage of labor

A
  • Complete cervical dilation
  • Baby slowly pushed down
  • Crowning
28
Q

Third stage of labor

A
  • Uterus continues to contract until placenta is expelled

- 5-30 min

Personal Health & Wellness (8 decks)

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