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Personal Health & Wellness > Exam 1 Definitions > Flashcards

Exam 1 Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

A measure of relative body weight that takes height into account and is highly correlated with more direct measure of body fat (kg/m2)

A

Body Mass Index (BMI)

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2
Q

Abnormally slow heart action

A

Bradycardia

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3
Q

Abnormally fast heart rate

A

Tachycardia

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4
Q

A rhythmical throbbing of the arteries as blood is propelled through them

A

Pulse

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5
Q

The pressure of blood in the circulatory system, often measured for diagnosis, closely related to the force and rate of the heartbeat and the diameter and elasticity of the arterial walls

A

Blood pressure

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6
Q

Fats; most concentrated source of energy

A

Lipids

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7
Q

Substance that acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemic reaction

A

Enzymes

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8
Q

A starch stored in the liver and muscles

A

Glycogen

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9
Q

Structural components of lipids, triglycerides, and phospholipids

A

Glycerol

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10
Q

Damage to, or death of, heart muscle, resulting from a failure of the coronary arteries to deliver enough blood to the heart

A

Heart attack

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11
Q

An excessive fear of being observed by others

A

Social phobia

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12
Q

A persistent and excessive fear of a specific obect, activity, or situation

A

Specific phobia

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13
Q

An anxiety disorder characterized by fear of being alone away from help and by avoidance of many different places and situations; in extreme cases, leaving home

A

Agoraphobia

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14
Q

An adverse reaction to a food or food ingredient in which the immune system perceives a particular substance (allergen) as foreign and acts to destroy it

A

Food allergy

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15
Q

An adverse reaction to a food or food ingredient that doesn’t involve the immune system; often due to a problem with metabolism

A

Food intolerance

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16
Q

Pattern of fat distribution in people who tend to store fat in the upper regions of their bodies, particularly in the abdominal area; apple-shaped

A

Android obesity

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17
Q

Pattern of fat distribution in people who store fat in the hips, buttocks, and thighs; pear-shaped

A

Gynoid obesity

18
Q

Fat incorporated in various tissues of the body; critical for normal body functioning

A

Essential fat

19
Q

A condition consisting of three interrelated disorders: abnormal eating patterns (and excessive exercing) followed by amenorrhea, and premature osteoporosis

A

Female athlete triad

20
Q

The absence of menstruation

A

Amenorrhea

21
Q

The mental representation a person holds about his/her body at any given time, consisting of perceptions, images, thoughts, attitudes, and emotions

A

Body image

22
Q

The study of the effects of foods and food constituents on gene expression

A

Nutrigenomics

23
Q

Environment that promotes the overconsumption of calories while at the same time discourages physical activity

A

Obesogenic environment

24
Q

An eating disorder characterized by a refusal to maintain body weight at a minimally healthy level and an intense fear of gaining weihgt or becoming fat; self-starvation

A

Anorexia nervosa

25
Q

An eating disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating and purging to prevent weight gain

A

Bulimia nervosa

26
Q

An eating disorder characterized by episodes of binge eating and a lack of control over eating behavior in general

A

Binge-eating disorder (BED)

27
Q

Cardiovascular disease caused by the deposit of fatty substances (plaque) in the walls of the arteries

A

Atherosclerosis

28
Q

Impeded blood supply to some part of the brain resulting in the destruction of brain cells

A

Stroke

29
Q

A blood clot that breaks off from its place of origin in a blood vessel and travels through the bloodstream

A

Embolism

30
Q

Impeded blood supply to the brain caused by a clot obstructing a blood vessel

A

Ischemic stroke

31
Q

A blood clot in a blood vessel that usually remains at the point of its formation

A

Thrombus

32
Q

Atherosclerosis in the arteries in the legs that can impede blood flow and lead to plain, infection, and loss of the affected limb

A

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD)

33
Q

An inherited condition in which there is an enlargement of the heart muscle, especially the muscle between the two ventricles

A

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)

34
Q

A condition resulting from the heart’s inability to pump enough blood to keep with the body’s metabolic needs; blood backs up in the veins leading to the heart, causing an accumulation of fluid in various parts of the body

A

Congestive heart failure (CHF)

35
Q

Blood fat that helps transport cholesterol out of the arteries, thereby protecting against cardiovascular disease

A

High-density lipoprotein (HDL)

36
Q

Blood fat that transports cholesterol to organs and tissues; excess amounts result in the accumulation of deposits in artery walls, causing hardening of the arteries and potential cardiovascular disease

A

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)

37
Q

An anxiety disorder characterized by uncontrollable, recurring thoughts and the performing of senseless rituals

A

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

38
Q

An anxiety disorder characterized by excessive, uncontrollable worry about all kinds of things and anxiety in many situations

A

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

39
Q

A mood disorder charaterized by loss of interest, sadness, hopelessness, loss of appetite, disturbed sleep, and other physical symptoms

A

Depression

40
Q

An anxiety disorder characterized by reliving traumatic events through dreams, flashbacks, and hallucinations

A

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

41
Q

A psychological disorder that involves a disturbance in thinking and in perceiving reality

A

Schizophrenia

Personal Health & Wellness (8 decks)

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