EXAM 2 HEMATOLOGY

Question 1

What are the Nutritional Requirements for Erythropoiesis

Answer 1

Protein (amino acids)
Cobalamin (vitamin B12)
Folate (folic acid)
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin)
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)
Pantothenic acid
Niacin
Vitamin E
Iron
Copper

Question 2

Normal range (adults) for RBCs

Answer 2

Female: 4.2 – 5.4 × 106 / μL
Male: 4.7 – 6.1 × 106 / μL

Question 3

Normal range (adults) for Hgb

Answer 3

Female: 12-16 g/dL
Male: 14-18 g/dL

Question 4

Normal range (adults) for Hct

Answer 4

Female: 37 – 47%
Male: 42 – 52%

Question 5

Terms that end with -cytic refer to

Answer 5

cell size

Question 6

Terms that end with -chromic refer to

Answer 6

hemoglobin content

Question 7

define Mean corpuscular volume (MCV):

Answer 7

The average volume (size) of a single RBC

Question 8

Normal range (Adult) for Mean corpuscular volume (MCV):

Answer 8

80-95 fL

Question 9

Define Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH):

Answer 9

The average amount of hgb in a RBC

Question 10

Normal range (Adult) for Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH):

Answer 10

27-31 pg

Question 11

RBC lifespan

Answer 11

100-120 days

Question 12

T/F: Normal O2 levels for a long period of time makes the body decrease it’s RBC production

Answer 12

True

Question 13

What is the maximum amount of Hgb in a RBC

Answer 13

37g/deciliter

Question 14

T/F: MCH cannot be elevated

Answer 14

False. Although an RBC can only hold so much Hgb, if the RBC is malformed it may hold above average levels of Hgb

Question 15

O2 is needed to maintain what important metabolic process

Answer 15

lipid metabloism in the liver. Without O2, the liver will become fatty.

Question 16

What are the repercussions of chronic anemia

Answer 16

Heart murmurs, edema, hypertension, enlarged heart, pulmonary issues

Question 17

Describe the patho/phys of the repurcussions of chronic anemia.

Answer 17

Low iron, intersitutual flud pulled into vasculature, RAAS activated more fluid, more work on heart, myocardium needs more O2 from extra work but isnt getting it, heart enlarges

Question 18

What is biphosoglycerate (BPG)

Answer 18

Makes O2 leave Hgb into tissues

Question 19

When do you give packed RBCs to an anemic pt

Answer 19

If Hgb is 10 or lower and pt is SYMPTOMATIC

OR

If Hgb is 7 or lower.

If pt is bleeding its dependent on BP and pulse

Question 20

What is macrocytic normochromic anemia

Answer 20

Large/weird shaped RBCs with normal levels of Hgb

Question 21

What are the two types of macrocytic normochromic anemia

Answer 21

Low levels of folic acid and low levels of B12

Question 22

macrocytic normochromic anemia caused by folic acid deficiency is from

Answer 22

alcohol abuse, premature cells death b/c cell shape is weird and it gets caught in capillaries, decreased intrinsic factor, and decreased dietary intake

Characterized by a smooth, red, beefy tongue

Question 23

macrocytic normochromic anemia caused by Vitamin B12 deficiency is concerning because

Answer 23

a B12 deficiency causes irreversible neurologic problems from demyelination.

Sx include not being able to feel fingers, toes, and sometimes walk