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MUSIC_NM 1311 > EXAM 2 (good version) > Flashcards

EXAM 2 (good version) Flashcards

1
Q

key features of country & western

A

name change from Hillbilly
The great migration
grand ole opry
backed by independent record labels

70s
grand ole opry expands
national TV prominence 
many sub-forms of country
country and western changes to country
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2
Q

key features of dance music

A 
lots of non-contact dance crazes
caught the imagination of young people 
open for everyone
dance culture for rock music
'the twist'
'the locomotion'
'the mashed potato'
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3
Q

Nat King Cole

A

First gains notoriety aged 20 as leader of the King Cole Trio
probably more commercially successful than Sinatra
Born in Alabama but moved to Chicago
enjoyed by white audiences
‘sepia sinatra’
Crooner who dabbled in RnB
‘Nature Boy’

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4
Q

Big Mama Thornton

A 
feminist figure of RnB era
multi-instrumentalist
"hound dog"
from Alabama
daughter of a baptist minister
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5
Q

Bill Monroe

A

Bluegrass music pioneer
Formed the Blue Grass Boys aged 27 and joined cast of grand ole opry one year later
“it’s mighty dark to travel”
hyuck music

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6
Q

Hank Williams

A 
Country god
so popular that his songs became standards
grew up poor which was reflected in his music
Honky Tonk pioneer (hard, sad country)
36 top-10 records between 1947-53
"i'm so lonely i could cry"
"hey good looking"
"the wild side of life"
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7
Q

Alan Freed

A

Cleveland DJ who coined the term “Rock ‘n’ Roll”

tried to make music, and society, integrated

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8
Q

Jerry Liebler / Mike Stoller

A

Music writers behind the some of the most popular artists of the 50s
collaborated lots with the Coasters
“hound dog”

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9
Q

Patsy Cline

A

Popular Singer who was the face of the countrypolitan movement
“I fall to pieces”
“crazy (written by willie nelson)

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10
Q

Sam Cooke

A 
pioneer of soul music
'king of soul'
brought spirutal perspective to rock and soul
controlled all aspects of his music career
civil rights figure
"you send me"
"bring it on home to me"
"a change is gonna come"
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11
Q

Jefferson Airplane

A 
first true psychedelic rock band
originally acoustic and folk rock
san francisco 
improvisational solos when performing live
lead singer: Grace Slick
"somebody to love"
"white rabbit"
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12
Q

key features of am/fm radio

A

AM radio was dominant, but after ww2 and due to the rise of rock music, FM started to take over

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13
Q

Phil Spector

A 
Very famous song producer
intern with liebler/stoller
owned Phillies records by 21
handpicked singers and songwriters
"wall of sound"
"teenage symphonies"
"the wrecking crew"
operated in 'the brill building'
"be my baby" came from here
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14
Q

Berry Gordy

A

Created Motown records
the black version of what phil spector was doing
wanted black music to be enjoyed by white people
the supremes and the temptations were some of the early prominent names

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15
Q

Herb Alpert

A 
Created A&M Records
trumpet player
associated with Tijuana Brass
noted latin musician
"the lonely bull"
"a taste of honey"
"spanish flea"
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16
Q

Changes in music during the oil embargo and nixon’s resignation

A

One of the reasons hippie music became prominent

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17
Q

Carole King

A

One of Phil Spector’s projects
known for album ‘tapestry’
“it’s too late”

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18
Q

Joni Mitchell

A

wrote songs for other artists in folk era.
strongly emotional music
“carey”
“big yellow taxi”

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19
Q

James Taylor

A

biggest selling singer-songwriter of early 70s
hugely influential to folk, pop and country artists
“fire and rain”

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20
Q

Dolly Parton

A 
very successful songwriter
from Tennessee
carefully crafted sex symbol
first female country musician to have her own TV show.
"jolene"
"i will always love you"
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21
Q

John Denver

A 
Real name is John Henry Deutschendorf 
urban folk and acoustic guitar, but classified as country because of style
prominent 70s country artist
"thank god i'm a country boy"
"take me home country roads"
22
Q

Carlos Santana

A

Combined all of his guitar influences from multiple different genres
latin and RnB combined with rock music
“oye como va” formally a mambo hit

23
Q

Marvin Gaye

A 
Started with Motown records
social justice and non-violence his key themes
wrote and produced songs himself
RnB that crossed into pop
"mercy mercy me"
"what's going on"
24
Q

Chicago (the band)

A

charted albums from 60s to 2000s
fused guitar-centred rock with lead voices of trumpet, trombone and sax
“25 or 6 to 4”

25
Q

Tower of Power

A

Jazz Rock and Funk band from Oakland
huge influence of James Brown
heavy horn music
“what is hip”

26
Q

key features of am/fm radio

A

AM radio was dominant, but after ww2 and due to the rise of rock music, FM started to take over
In the 70s, AM radio is still important and evolving. FM radio is still expanding, though less eclectic
700 FM radio stations by ‘49

27
Q

RnB

A

Was the opposite of country and western music in many ways, mostly business-wise
took many forms, including jump blues (louis jordan)
Blues Crooners were also a thing
electric blues (muddy waters)
Strong female presence early and throughout

28
Q

crooners

A

replaced bandleaders as faces of the music industry after the war
reflected themes that were prevalent after the war
used covers

29
Q

frank sinatra

A 
new jersey
started in a quartet
singing waiter
rose to prominence during the war
at the height of his fame her performed 40 hours a week
30
Q

louis jordan

A 
Born in Arkansas 
sax player
leader of the Tympany 5
Decca Records
very influential across many genres and races
"choo choo ch'boogie"
Jump Blues
31
Q

muddy waters

A

Electric Blues
originally from Mississippi
Born in the bars of black neighbourhoods in Chicago
Crowd was so loud that he had to plug in his guitar
aka McKinley Morganfield

32
Q

ruth brown

A 
"miss rhythm"
from Virginia
influenced by her church upbringing
signed with Atlantic records in 1949 aged 16
"mama he treats your daughter mean"
33
Q

chuck berry

A

“maybelline” first huge hit
grew up in STL but born in LA
initially sounded like happy fast paced country music, but morphed into rock music

34
Q

little richard

A

Richard Wayne Penniman
failed RnB artist
TuttiFrutti his first rock hit

35
Q

janis joplin

A

Born in texas, moved to SF

band was called Big Brother and the Holding Company

36
Q

jimi hendrix band members

A

Noel redding (bass) and Mitch mitchell (drums) formed the Jimi Hendrix experience

37
Q

the doors

A

Signed with Elektra records
released light my fire in 65
band were originally film students at UCLA

38
Q

eric clapton

A

British

influenced by robert johnson and bb king

39
Q

james taylor’s first album

A

1970 album ‘sweet baby james’ his breakout album

40
Q

led zeppelin

A 
First true heavy metal band
john bonham
jimmy page 
robert plant 
john paul jones
41
Q

willie nelson

A

Mostly known for his songwriting (crazy by patsy cline)
moved from nashville to austin
face of anti-country country, where he’s a country artist but without the ‘nashville sound’

42
Q

waylon jennings

A

Was a member of the Crickets
decided he was done with typical country music and became the bad boy of country
“t for texas”
similar to willie nelson

43
Q

the recording industry

A

Location-based independent record labels became prominent after ww2

44
Q

end of ww2

A 
songs were calming and romantic 
crooners were popular
G-rated themes
accompanied by small orchestras
light-hearted novelty songs 
everything was positive, and the status quo was hardly ever broken
45
Q

LPs

A

Introduced by Columbia records in 1948 as 12-inch long-playing disc
33.5 rotations per minute
more than 20 mins of music on each side, whereas discs used to only be able to hold 4 mins
made of vinyl
benefitted classical and jazz
paved the way for albums

46
Q

45s

A

A direct response to the introduction of LPs by Columbia records one year earlier
7-inch 45 r.p.m.
while it stored less music than the 45 it paved the way for multiple songs, because it could play multiple tracks with 15 sec breaks in the middle
consumers could sometimes choose the songs that were put on the 45, which reflected the popularity of jukeboxes

47
Q

cassettes

A

best way for music to reach remote parts of the country. Also easy to make for smaller record labels

48
Q

overdubbing

A

the act of replacing parts of a recording with more improved parts.
introduced alongside magnetic tape after the war, but ended up being used more with discs

49
Q

synthesisers

A

stevie wonder was the first prominent artist to use it

the first true electronic instrument

50
Q

magnetic tape

A

developed by germans and japanese in the 30s
recorded directly onto master phonograph discs
better captured full range of musical sounds
essentially took over the recording industry by the late 40s

MUSIC_NM 1311 (6 decks)

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