Exam 2 - Endorphins & Substance P

Question 1

endorphins are produced in these two areas

Answer 1

CNSs & pituitary

Question 2

Role of endorphins

Answer 2

inhibit transmission of pain

Question 3

influences emotional and physical pain perception

Answer 3

enkelphalins

Question 4

can have an effect on mood and well being

Answer 4

endorphins

Question 5

endorphins are released when the body goes from an ____ to ____ state

Answer 5

aerobic, anaerobic

Question 6

site and synthesis of substance P

Answer 6

CNS, PNS, neuropeptide

Question 7

Role of Substance P

Answer 7

Neurotransmitter that Binds to neurokinin-1 receptor transmitting pain and found in all organs

Question 8

Other role of substance P besides pain

Answer 8

increases HR**, vasodilates decreasing BP, increases immune response

Question 9

areas that substance P affects with inflammatory diseases

Answer 9

respiratory, GI, musculoskeletal system

Question 10

inflammatory diseases from substance P

Answer 10

eczema, fibromyalgia, low back pain, arthritis

Question 11

2 locations where oxytocin is produced

Answer 11

supraoptic nucleus and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus

Question 12

primary function of oxytocin

Answer 12

stimulate milk release, stimulate parturition, stimulate uterine shrinkage- after birth

Question 13

secondary function of oxytocin

Answer 13

increase renal reabsorption of water

Question 14

neurological control of oxytocin

Answer 14

nerve impulses in the uterus myometrium OT stimulates smooth muscle contraction

Question 15

oxytocins other benefits than being just a love hormone

Answer 15

improves work place bonding, reduces stress and anxiety, may improve social functioning in autism

Question 16

role of oxytocin in bulimia nervosa

Answer 16

it is implicated in the modulation of reward, reduces the intake of high sugar snacks

Question 17

Epigenetic modification of oxytocin receptor gene influences the perception of anger and fear in human beings an can affect this

Answer 17

social behavior

Question 18

other names for ADH

Answer 18

vasopressin, arginine vasopressin, argipressin

Question 19

site of synthesis for ADH

Answer 19

supra-optic nucleus of hypothalamus

Question 20

where is ADH secreted

Answer 20

posterior pituitary

Question 21

primary function of ADH

Answer 21

regulate body’s retention of water

Question 22

physiological actions of ADH

Answer 22

blood pressure and blood volume

Question 23

disease causing decreased output of ADH and increased urine output (polyuria) leading to excessive thirst

Answer 23

central diabetes insipidus

Question 24

two causes of central diabetes insipidus

Answer 24

insufficient release of ADH by hypothalamus or pituitary

Question 25

physical characteristics of central diabetes insipidus

Answer 25

polyuria, decreased urine concentration, hypotension (decreased plasma volume)

Question 26

how does the body compensate for central diabetes insipidus

Answer 26

increased aldesterone secretion causing renal reabsorption of NA and excretion of hydrogen and potassium ions - brings BP back to normal

Question 27

where is aldosterone produced

Answer 27

adrenal cortex

Question 28

eitologic disease of the kidneys causing polyuria, dilute urine, hypotension, and increased plasma concentration

Answer 28

nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

Question 29

causes of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

Answer 29

kidneys fail to respond to ADH and cannot concentrate urine, pituitary gland secretes ADH but kidneys to do not respond to signal

Question 30

drug that can cause NDI

Answer 30

lithium

Question 31

complications of fluid overload in patients

Answer 31

strokes, head trauma, brain tumors

Question 32

disease where large amounts of ADH are released

Answer 32

syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIAHD)

Question 33

Disease where there is an excessive bulidup of fluids as well as abnormally low sodium levels

Answer 33

hyponatremia