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Pharmacotherapy 1 > Exam 2 Drugs > Flashcards

Exam 2 Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

N-acetylcysteine

A

Mucus removal facilitated by decreasing mucus viscosity, makes mucus thin

Mucolytic

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2
Q

Dornase Alpha

A

Mucus removal facilitated by decreasing mucus viscosity by degrading DNA or proteins, hydrolyzes extracellular DNA

Mucolytic

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3
Q

Hypertonic saline

A

Mucus removal facilitated by increased water in mucus which increases mucus volume and is then easier to cough up, promotes fluid flow from epithelium into mucus

Expectorant

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4
Q

Guaifenesin

A

Irritates gastric mucosa which increases respiratory serous secretions which decreases mucus viscosity

Expectorant

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5
Q

Codeine, Hydrocodone

A

Act on mu receptors in CNS, may also act on sensory nerve endings to increase cough threshold and depress cough reflex

Antitussive (centrally acting)

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6
Q

Dextromethrophan

A

Increases cough threshold

Antitussive (centrally acting)

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7
Q

Levopropoxyphene napsylate

A

Antitussive (centrally acting)

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8
Q

Benzonatate

A

Decreases sensitivity of cough receptors to stimulants which depresses cough reflex, inhibits pulmonary stretch receptors

Antitussive (peripherally acting)

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9
Q

Menthol

A

Local anesthetic effect on sensory nerves, numbing cough receptors

Antitussive (peripherally acting)

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10
Q

B2 adrenoceptor agonists

A

Act on B2 adrenoceptors to relax airway smooth muscle (inhibit mediator release, facilitate mucociliary transport)

Bronchodilator (treat symptoms)

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11
Q

Theophylline, Aminophylline

A

Act to relax airway smooth muscle, improve respiratory muscle performance, facilitate mucociliary transport, inhibit mediator release

Methylxanthines (bronchodilator)

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12
Q

Ipratropium bromide, Tiotropium, Aclidinium

A

Act to relax airway smooth muscle by inhibiting parasympathetic induced bronchoconstriction which reverses reflex bronchoconstriction

Muscarinic antagonists (bronchodilator)

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13
Q

Corticosteroids

A

Regulate gene transcription which increases anti-inflammatory proteins, inhibit release and/or synthesis of proinflammatory mediators from mast cells and leukocytes, blocks NFkB and AP-1

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14
Q

Cromolyn sodium, Nedocromil sodium

A

Act to stabilize mast cells which decreases mediator release, decreases activation of eosinophils, neutrophils and monocytes, decrease sensory nerve activation

Mast Cell Stabilizers

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15
Q

Corticosteroids (Drug Names)

A 
Beclomethasone
Budesonide
Ciclesonide
Flunisolide
Fluticasone
Mometasone
Prednisolone
Triamcinolone acetanide
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16
Q

Roflumilast

A

Inhibits phosphodiesterase 4 which increases intracellular cAMP which decreases inflammatory mediator release from mast cells and inflammatory cells, decreases bronchoconstriction

Phosphodiesterase inhibitor

17
Q

Zafirlukast/Montelukast

A

Acts to inhibit Leukotriene C4/D4 receptros or leukotriene synthesis which decreases bronchoconstriciton, decreases edema, decreases airway reactivity

LTRA

18
Q

Zileuton

A

Acts to inhibit 5-lipoxygenase receptors or leukotriene synthesis which decreases bronchoconstriciton, decreases edema, decreases airway reactivity

LTRA

19
Q

Omalizumab

A

Acts by binding to the Fc epsilon R-1 portion of circulating antibodies which prevents binding of IgE to mast cells this causes decrease in antigen induced release of inflammatory mediators, decreases asthma and allergy symptoms
Inhibits IgE synthesis which decreases asthma and allergy symptoms

20
Q

SABA

A 
Albuterol
Levalbuterol
Metaporterenol
Pirbuterol
Terbutaline
21
Q

LABA

A

Formoterol (12)
Salmeterol (12)
Indacaterol (24)
Olodaterol (24)

22
Q

SAMA

A

Ipratropium

23
Q

Oral Corticosteroids

A

Methlyprednisolone
Prednisolone
Prednisone

24
Q

LAMA

A

Tiotropium (24)
Aclidinium (12)
Umeclidinium (24)

25
Q

Symbicort

A

Budesonide and Formoterol

26
Q

Advair

A

Fluticasone and Salmeterol

27
Q

Breo

A

Fluticasone and Vilanterol

28
Q

Gold Group A

A

SABA or SAMA

29
Q

Gold Group B

A

LAMA or LABA

30
Q

Gold Group C

A

ICS plus LABA or LAMA alone

31
Q

Gold Group D

A

ICS plus LABA
ICS plus LABA plus LAMA
or LAMA alone

Pharmacotherapy 1 (2 decks)

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