EXAM 2- Diagrams Flashcards
What is this graph describing?
X-axis: induction agent
Y-axis: airway resistance (cmH2O/liter/sec)
- This graph describes the bronchodilatory benefit of propofol vs. thiopental or etomidate. We see that airway resistance on average is lower following propofol administration for induction vs. using thiopental or etomidate.
What is represented by this graph?
X-axis: time (minutes)
Y-axis: Percentage of Systemic Vascular Resistance (% of normal baseline SVR)
- We see that SVR at 5 minutes post propofol infusion is approximately 55% of baseline SVR, whereas Thiopental is only dropped to 80% of normal SVR. The graph includes changes in SVR up to 45 minutes post administration of both agents, demonstrating that overall Thiopental has a much less impact on SVR than Propofol
What is this graph depicting?
X-axis: atropine dose (mcg/kg)
Y-axis: change in heart rate (+ change) in bpm
Red line: no propofol
Blue line: 5 mg/kg/hour of Propofol
Yellow line: 10 mg/kg/hour of Propofol
-Thus we see the resistance to increase in heart rate after atropine administration in the presence of propofol. The higher the infusion rate of propofol, the more resistant to increases in heart rate even with higher atropine dosing.
What is demonstrated by this graph?
X-axis: heart rate
Y-axis: blood pressure
- It’s hard to tell, but this represents thiopental and its transient effects on decreasing BP, while increasing heart rate to compensate for decrease BP.
What is this graph teaching us?
- Propofol metabolism by both microsomal hepatic enzymes (CYP450’s) as well as Phase 2 conjugation metabolism (UGT1A9)
- CYP450 converts propofol into 4-hydroxypropofol, UGT1A9 converts propofol or 4-hydroxypropofol into glucuronide metabolites, then these metabolites are excreted in the urine.
What is the elimination half-time of etomidate?
Vd of etomidate?
Clearance of etomidate?
Effects of etomidate on BP? HR?
What is the elimination half-time of ketamine?
Vd of ketamine?
Clearance of ketamine?
Effects of ketamine on BP? HR?
