exam #2 culture terms Flashcards
hector
kills achilles’s friend patroclus
patroclus
achilles’s friend; killed by hector
priam
hector’s father; goes to achilles’s camp to ask for his son’s body back
mercury
leads priam to achilles’s tent safely
virgil
the greatest of all roman poets; wrote the aeneid
aeneid
virgil’s greatest poem; tells us how aeneas escaped the ruins of troy, sailed to italy, and founded rome
aeneas
son of venus and trojan anchises; hero of duty, founded the roman nation
“arma virumque cano”
first three words of the aeneid: “i sing of arms and the man” referring to the iliad and odyssey
pietas
sense of duty
odysseus
inventive, clever hero of the odyssey; tricks the cyclops to escape him
polyphemus
the cyclops odysseus tricks to escape
dido
founded carthage, ends up marrying aeneas
“dux facti erat femina”
“the leader of the enterprise is a woman”
lavinia
latin princess aeneas married; namesake of lavinium
ascanius
aeneas’s son from his first marriage; became ruler when aeneas died
alba longa
settlement founded by ascanius; located in the alban hills
rhea silvia
mother of romulus and remus
romulus and remus
sons of rhea silvia and mars; found and raised by she-wolf; romulus killed his brother and became king of rome
jupiter
god of the sky; thunderbolts
juno
wife of jupiter; goddess of women and marriage
neptune
jupiter’s brother; god of water and the sea, trident
minerva
goddess of wisdom and handicrafts; sprang fully armed from the forehead of jupiter
apollo
son of jupiter; god of the sun, music, prophecy, and healing
lares
the spirits of dead ancestors; families worshiped the lares as part of the ancient native religion
cincinnatus
hero in the early roman empire; stepped down from his position as ruler to return to his farm
tarquin the proud
the last king of rome; cruel tyrant but valiant leader in war
lucretia
wife of collatinus; the only wife of those visited to be spinning wool (virtuous); sextus – tarquin’s son – raped her, which drove her to commit suicide
