exam #2 culture terms

Question 1

hector

Answer 1

kills achilles’s friend patroclus

Question 2

patroclus

Answer 2

achilles’s friend; killed by hector

Question 3

priam

Answer 3

hector’s father; goes to achilles’s camp to ask for his son’s body back

Question 4

mercury

Answer 4

leads priam to achilles’s tent safely

Question 5

virgil

Answer 5

the greatest of all roman poets; wrote the aeneid

Question 6

aeneid

Answer 6

virgil’s greatest poem; tells us how aeneas escaped the ruins of troy, sailed to italy, and founded rome

Question 7

aeneas

Answer 7

son of venus and trojan anchises; hero of duty, founded the roman nation

Question 8

“arma virumque cano”

Answer 8

first three words of the aeneid: “i sing of arms and the man” referring to the iliad and odyssey

Question 9

pietas

Answer 9

sense of duty

Question 10

odysseus

Answer 10

inventive, clever hero of the odyssey; tricks the cyclops to escape him

Question 11

polyphemus

Answer 11

the cyclops odysseus tricks to escape

Question 12

dido

Answer 12

founded carthage, ends up marrying aeneas

Question 13

“dux facti erat femina”

Answer 13

“the leader of the enterprise is a woman”

Question 14

lavinia

Answer 14

latin princess aeneas married; namesake of lavinium

Question 15

ascanius

Answer 15

aeneas’s son from his first marriage; became ruler when aeneas died

Question 16

alba longa

Answer 16

settlement founded by ascanius; located in the alban hills

Question 17

rhea silvia

Answer 17

mother of romulus and remus

Question 18

romulus and remus

Answer 18

sons of rhea silvia and mars; found and raised by she-wolf; romulus killed his brother and became king of rome

Question 19

jupiter

Answer 19

god of the sky; thunderbolts

Question 20

juno

Answer 20

wife of jupiter; goddess of women and marriage

Question 21

neptune

Answer 21

jupiter’s brother; god of water and the sea, trident

Question 22

minerva

Answer 22

goddess of wisdom and handicrafts; sprang fully armed from the forehead of jupiter

Question 23

apollo

Answer 23

son of jupiter; god of the sun, music, prophecy, and healing

Question 24

lares

Answer 24

the spirits of dead ancestors; families worshiped the lares as part of the ancient native religion

Question 25

cincinnatus

Answer 25

hero in the early roman empire; stepped down from his position as ruler to return to his farm

Question 26

tarquin the proud

Answer 26

the last king of rome; cruel tyrant but valiant leader in war

Question 27

lucretia

Answer 27

wife of collatinus; the only wife of those visited to be spinning wool (virtuous); sextus – tarquin’s son – raped her, which drove her to commit suicide