Exam 2 Concept Questions Flashcards
How do you Distinguish Between Codominance and Incomplete Dominance?
Codominance is when both dominant phenotypes appear on the heterozygote, while incomplete dominance is when an intermediate is observed
When you Cross 2 Heterozygotes Together, What is the ratio of Phenotypes and Genotypes?
1:2:1
What is the Difference Between Variable Expressivity and Incomplete Penetrance?
Incomplete penetrance means that the phenotype is observed in only some of the population, while variable expressivity is the range to which genes are expressed
What is a Compound Heterozygote?
The presence of two mutant alleles at a particular gene locus
What is a Temperature Sensitive Allele?
Alleles that show a mutant phenotype at a high or low temperature
What is the Difference Between the Epistatic Gene and Hypostatic Gene?
The epistatic gene is masking the effect of the hypostatic gene
When Would you Want to Test for Complementation?
When two parent carry two recessive mutations, causing the traits to be expressed, you can use complementation tests to determine if the phenotype will be expressed in offspring
What are the 3 Main Locations of Centromeres?
Metacentric
SubMetacentric
Telocentric
Why Do We Need to Condense Our DNA into Chromosomes?
To prevent tangling and damaging of DNA during cell division
What is the Function of DNA Supercoiling?
Condensing the DNA and packing it into tight nuclei
Which Cells Undergo Mitosis?
Body Cells (Diploids)
What Cell Would Never Leave G0?
Heart and Kidney cells because they do not divide
What is Semiconservative Replication?
Replication where each segment contains the normal parent strand and the newly replicated strand
What is Conservative Replication?
Replication where the entire DNA serves as a template and the daughter cells have completely new segments of DNA
What is Dispersive Replication?
Replication where the newly synthesised DNA and parent DNA are intermixed
