Exam 2 City on a Hill

Question 1

Oligarchy

Answer 1

A form of government where all or most of the power resides within a small segment of people

Question 2

Confederation

Answer 2

Defensive alliance among sovereign equals

Question 3

Federalism

Answer 3

Dividing powers between the national and state governments

Question 4

3/5 Compromise

Answer 4

3 out of every 5 slaves were counted as part of the state population for taxation and representation

Question 5

What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?

Answer 5

• individual states were sovereign
• no executive
• no power to enforce conflicts between states
• no power to tax
• no common currency, exchange disputes
• not binding if passed
• no judiciary to resolve disputes
• State wars (Penn-Con)
• conflicts between state laws
• state trade problems
• states made own international treaties, states were played off each other

Question 6

What were the 4 big states that needed to ratify the Constitution?

Answer 6

New York (Y:30, N:27); Massachusetts (Y:187, N:168); Pennsylvania (Y:46, N:23); and Virginia (Y:89, N:79)

Question 7

Civil Rights:

Answer 7

rights defined using narrow, concrete language, full of specific terms and qualifiers

Question 8

Majority vs. Plurality

Answer 8

Majority: receiving more than 50% of the vote
Plurality: receiving the largest percentage of the votes

Question 9

Trust:

Answer 9

A business entity created to monopolize and dominate a market

Question 10

Land Ordinance of 1784

Answer 10

Called for the systematic survey of the Northwest territory and division into mile-square plots and organization into townships

Question 11

Emancipation Proclamation:

Answer 11

Presidential order issued by Lincoln on January 1, 1863 that freed slaves in the areas of insurrection.