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Pharmacology > Exam 2: Chemo > Flashcards

Exam 2: Chemo Flashcards

1
Q

Alkylating agents: MOA

A

CCNS; disrupts DNA transfer of alkyl groups

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2
Q

Alkylating agents

A

Cisplatin
Carboplatin
Cyclophosphamide
Melphalan

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3
Q

Alkylating agent most associated with N/V and nephrotoxicity

A

Cisplatin

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4
Q

Alkylating agent associated with bladder toxicity

A

Cyclophosphamide

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5
Q

Antimetabolite agents

A

Flurouracil (5-FU)
Capecitabine (Oral 5-FU)
Methotrexate

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6
Q

Antimetabolite agents; MOA

A

CCS: affect DNA synthesis (S phase)

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7
Q

Fluorouracil: notable AEs

A

severe diarrhea
Hand-foot syndrome
mouth/GI ulceration

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8
Q

Methotrexate: MOA

A

antimetabolite that inhibits several enzymes (DHFR) critical in folate metabolism for DNA synthesis

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9
Q

Antimicrotubule agents: plant alkaloids

A

Vinca alkaloids:
Vincristine
Vinblastine

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10
Q

Vinca alkaloids (antimicrotubule agents): MOA

A

CCS: inhibit microtubule polymerization (formation/assembly of microtubules)

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11
Q

Topoisomerase inhibitors

A

Doxorubicin

Duanorubicin

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12
Q

Topoisomerase inhibitors: MOA

A

insert between 2 strands of DNA (binds to base pairs) causing DNA helix to assume an unstable structure

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13
Q

Methotrexate: notable AEs

A

Severe GI
Severe renal
Hepatic (transient elevation of LFT: AST/ALT)

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14
Q

Vinca alkaloid agents: notable AEs

A
  • Milder myelosupression
  • Hepatic (transient elevation of LFT: AST/ALT)
  • Severe neuro/skeletal
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15
Q

Topoisomerase inhibitors: noteable AEs

A

CHF (heart function test needed)

alopecia

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16
Q

Trastuzumab (Herceptin): MOA

A

targets/blocks HER2/neu receptors extracellularly ( HER2/neu overexpressed in breast cancer)

17
Q

What do we need to do before giving Trastuzumab?

A
  • confirm breast cancer is HER2/neu receptor (+)
  • pre-medicate w/ acetaminophen, diphenhydramine
  • baseline ECHO (cardiotoxicity: CHF)
18
Q

Cetuximab: MOA

A

targets extracellular EGFR receptor; binds to EGFR & blocks phosphorylation and activation of receptor»> inhibition of cell growth and induction of apoptosis

19
Q

What do we need to do before giving Cetuximab?

A

pre-medicate w/ diphenhydramine (+/- acetaminophen)

20
Q

Cetuximab: notable AE

A

acneiform rash: the worse the rash, the better the response

21
Q

Tamoxifen: MOA

A

selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM): estrogen blocker on hormone receptors expressed in breast tissue

22
Q

Letrozole: MOA

A

aromatase inhibitor: inhibits estrogen production

23
Q

Anastrozole: MOA

A

aromatase inhibitor: inhibits estrogen production

Pharmacology (6 decks)

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