Derm

Question 1

MOA
tacrolimus (Protopic)
pimecrolimus (Elidel)

Answer 1

calcineurin inhibitors; macrolide immunosuppressants;
MOA= inhibit T-lymphocyte activation & prevent the release of inflammatory cytokines after stimulation by antigen-IgE complexes

Question 2

MOA

tretinoin

Answer 2

topical vitamin A analogue;
comedolytic: increases cell turnover in the follicular wall causing extrusion of existing comedones and inhibition of new comedone formation

Question 3

MOA

adapalene

Answer 3

• third-generation retinoid
• retinoidmimetic compound (a naphthoic acid derivative)
• selective affinity for retinoic acid receptor (RAR) subtypes RAR-b and RAR-y found in epidermis
• comedolytic, keratolytic, and antiinflammatory activity

Question 4

MOA

tazarotene

Answer 4

• prodrug and a synthetic acetylenic retinoid
• coverted to tazarotenic acid (active form) after topical application
• selectively binds to RARs and can alter expression of genes involved in cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and inflammation

-comedolytic, keratolytic, and antiinflmatory activity

Question 5

MOA

topical abx: erythromycin and clindamycin

Answer 5

bactericidal against P. acnes;

comedolytic & anti-inflammatory action

Question 6

MOA
benzoyl peroxide (BPO)

Answer 6

comedolytic: increases the sloughing rate of epithelial cells, loosens the follicular plug structure (unclogs pores)

Question 7

MOA

dapsone (Aczone)

Answer 7

antiinflammatory & antibacterial activity;

improves inflammatory and noninflammatory lesions, but more efficacious in inflammatory

Question 8

MOA

sulfur

Answer 8

keratolytic, mildly antibacterial, exfoliant action

Question 9

MOA

oral abx for acne

Answer 9

inhibit growth of P. acnes;

comedolytic and anti-inflammatory rxn

Question 10

MOA

oral contraceptives for acne

Answer 10

inhibits production of androgens

Question 11

MOA

isotretinoin

Answer 11

• induction of atrophy of the sebaceous gland w/ decreased sebum production and change in sebum composition
• inhibition of P. acnes growth within follicles
• inhibition of inflammation
• altered patterns of keratinization within follicles (decreased size and increased differentiation)

Question 12

salicylic acid: MOA

Answer 12

keratolytic

Question 13

topical retinoids: contraindications

Answer 13

<12 y/o, pregnancy

Question 14

Isotretinoin: contraindications

Answer 14

• psych disorders
• hyperlipidemia
• diabetes
• severe osteoperosis

Question 15

Isotretinoin: required monitoring

Answer 15

• pregnancy test (females)
• lipid test
• liver function
• CBC
• CMP